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31 October 2012, Volume 39 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Amplified in breast cancer 3 gene in tumors BI Lei, ZHANG Hao 2012, 39 (10):  723-725.  Abstract ( 613 )   PDF (873KB) ( 1528 )   Save Amplified in breast cancer 3(AIB3) is a newly discovered pleiotropic nuclear receptor coactivator. AIB3 regulates cell proliferation, growth, migration and apoptosis by interacting with many nuclear receptors. At the mean time, some reports show that AIB3 interacts with variety of transcription factors, which indicates AIB3 may play an important role in cancer occurrence and progression. Related Articles | Metrics

Glycolysis abnormality in neoplasm cells and the targeted therapy PANG Yu-Yang, WANG Ting, CHEN Fang-Yuan 2012, 39 (10):  726-728.  Abstract ( 1543 )   Save Cancer cells display a decreased mitochondrial respiration along with an abnormal activation of glycolysis to satisfy the demand of the malignant growth even in the presence of oxygen. This phenomenon may be caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, hypoxia of microenvironment and the abnormal activation of upstream regulators of glycolysis pathway. Treatment targeted at the glycolysis pathway and its upstream regulators may provide a new therapeutic strategy of cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

microRNA and tumor angiogenesis XIAO Lei, CHI Yu-Long, DING Wen-Yuan, LIU Yun-Lai 2012, 39 (10):  729-731.  Abstract ( 645 )   PDF (795KB) ( 1747 )   Save Angiogenesis plays an important role in the development process of tumor, and related microRNA(miRNA) in tumor cells can regulate tumor angiogenesis via the pathway of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF). Therefore, the further study of miRNA function will provide more effective targets to inhibit tumor angiogenesis, and provide more reliable basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumor.  Related Articles | Metrics

miR-205 and cancer HOU Xin-Xin, ZHAO Meng, ZHANG Gui-Yu 2012, 39 (10):  732-734.  Abstract ( 1125 )   PDF (794KB) ( 1882 )   Save miR-205 is differentially expressed in tumor tissues and is closely related to tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis. miR-205 can regulate the biological behaviors of tumor cells such as cell proliferation, differentiation, in situ invasion and distant metastasis by posttranscriptional regulation through binding to targeted genes. Additionally, further research of miR-205 may be helpful for tumor diagnosis, targeted therapy and prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

Wnt signaling pathway antagonist SOX17 in cancer CUI Su-Fen, WANG Zhi-Zhi, ZHANG Ling-Ling 2012, 39 (10):  735-737.  Abstract ( 674 )   PDF (850KB) ( 1690 )   Save SOX17, a member of the SOX family of transcription factors, is conserved in many species and plays an important role in the formation of embryo endoderm. A number of studies have found that SOX17 gene expression is silenced or decreased might be due to promoter hypermethylation, which plays a vital role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, and may contribute to aberrant activation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway in several human malignant tumors.  Related Articles | Metrics

Roles of galanin peptide in tumorigenesis and tumor progression SUI Yu-Mei, FANG Peng-Hua, SHI Ming-Yi, BU Ping 2012, 39 (10):  738-741.  Abstract ( 781 )   PDF (857KB) ( 1793 )   Save Galanin is a peptide with wideranging effects, especially within the central, peripheral nervous system and endocrine system. Many tumors of neuroendocrine origin, and also an increasing number of nonneuroendocrine cancers, have been shown to express galanin and/or its receptors. Expression of galanin peptide has been detected in pheochromocytoma, squamous cell carcinoma, pituitary adenoma, gastrointestinal cancers and so on. Galanin peptide plays an important role in tumorigenesis and progression of many kinds of tumors.Therefore, studying the roles of galanin and its receptors are helpful for diagnosis and treatment of tumors. Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of Livin gene in tumors SHANG Na-Na, XU Yu-Qing 2012, 39 (10):  741-744.  Abstract ( 709 )   PDF (862KB) ( 1223 )   Save Livin, a novel member of human inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, is highly expressed in various malignant tumors. It plays an important role in the initiation, development，treatment and prognosis of tumors. Many studies have proved that downregulation of Livin expression using RNA interference technique can reduce tumor growth, increase the apoptotic rate, and sensitize tumor cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Fulllength Livin is cleaved by the effector caspases to produce a truncated form (tLivin) with apoptosispromotion activity. tLivin provides a new direction for the treatment of the malignant tumors. Related Articles | Metrics

The effect of neoplastic stem cell and microenvironment on tumor drug resistance，recurrence and metastasis ZHOU Nai-Cen, XU Bo, LIU Xin 2012, 39 (10):  745-747.  Abstract ( 792 )   PDF (794KB) ( 2447 )   Save Neoplastic stem cells（NSCs）are the source of tumor occurrence and development，and its special microenvironment  is  involved in tumor drug resistance，recurrence and metastasis by regulating NSCs or changing  itself. Eradicating NSCs and interfering the special microenvironment may be the new therapeutic strategies for cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Mesenchymal stem cells as carriers in cancer therapy LI Si-Yu, ZHAO Qing-Hua 2012, 39 (10):  748-751.  Abstract ( 649 )   PDF (861KB) ( 1903 )   Save Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) can directly act on tumor cells to inhibit their growth, and could also migrate to the tissue lesions and tumor tissues to transfer and express many kinds of anti-cancer factors. Numerous researches have applied MSCs as carriers of drugs to induce apoptosis, inhibit differentiation of tumor cells and inhibit tumor angiogenesis, and have got outstanding antitumor results. Related Articles | Metrics

Epithelial cell adhesion molecule and tumor ZHANG Qi, ZHANG Hong-Tao, ZHANG Shu-Cai 2012, 39 (10):  751-754.  Abstract ( 922 )   PDF (864KB) ( 1697 )   Save Epithelial cell adhesion molecules (EpCAMs) play an important role in the process of gene expression and regulation by combining with nuclear receptor. Aberrant expression of EpCAMs has been detected in different types of cancers, such as breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, and etc. The research of EpCAMs in circulating tumor cells enrichment, tumor pathogenesis and prognosis will be conducive to achieve new breakthroughs in cancer targeted therapy. Related Articles | Metrics

Dendritic cells and tumor immunotherapy LI Wen-Xiang, NIU Wei-Xin 2012, 39 (10):  755-758.  Abstract ( 752 )   PDF (861KB) ( 1878 )   Save In vivo, dendritic cells（DCs）are the most powerful antigenpresenting cells （APCs）. DCs based neoplasm immunotherapy has recently become the focus of research. DCs can be used not only as separate cell vaccine to mediate antitumor immunity, but can also be combined with cytokines, immune cells, and other methods in tumor immunotherapy. In animal models and clinical trials, DCbased immunotherapy as well as other tumor immunotherapy strategies have gained more significant progress. Related Articles | Metrics

Correlation between adiponectin and breast cancer YAN Min, YU Chang-Hua 2012, 39 (10):  759-762.  Abstract ( 745 )   PDF (860KB) ( 1586 )   Save Adiponectin is a kind of adipocytespecific protein which is only inversely related with obesity by now. It is involved in enhancing insulin sensitivity, antiatherogenic and antiinflammatory activities. Recent studies have reported that adiponectin is closely correlated with the genesis and development of a variety of obesity related malignant tumors, especially postmenopausal breast cancer. Obesity is an independent risk factor for the development of breast cancer. Recently researches about the correlation between adiponectin and breast cancer relations and the action mechanisms, signaling pathways have made a progress. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical significance on detection of exhaled breath condensate biomarkers in lung cancer HUANG Fen-Fen, CHEN Jian-Rong, TAO Yi-Jiang 2012, 39 (10):  763-765.  Abstract ( 776 )   PDF (861KB) ( 1512 )   Save Exhaled breath condensate(EBC) analysis， as a new technology of studying the respiratory biochemical components in recent years, has the advantages of noninvasiveness, simple collection and good repeatability, etc. The detection of exhaled breath condensate biomarkers plays an important role in screening, early diagnosis, disease monitoring， efficacy and prognosis assessment, following up of lung cancer． Related Articles | Metrics

Diagnosis and treatment of peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer TIAN Yong-Li, XIA Ning-Jun 2012, 39 (10):  765-769.  Abstract ( 805 )   PDF (929KB) ( 1979 )   Save The peritoneum is one of the most common sites of gastric cancer recurrence or metastasis. Peritoneal metastasis seriously affects the patients life quality and shortens patients survival time, so early diagnosis and active treatment have a major impact on the prognosis. Continuous studies of some biomarkers and extensive using of new imaging technology make the early diagnosis of peritoneal metastasis more promising. Simultaneously, with the rapid development of intraperitoneal chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy, there are more options in the treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

Circulating microRNA in colorectal cancer XU Ling-Ling, WU Jing 2012, 39 (10):  769-772.  Abstract ( 681 )   PDF (861KB) ( 1616 )   Save In colorectal cancer, there are multiple abnormally expressed microRNA(miRNA), suggesting that the miRNA may be involved in tumor development process. Recently, more and more evidence shows that miRNA are more stable in the blood, compared with mRNA, which makes circulating miRNA are helpful to become the noninvasive tumor marker for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation in colorectal cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer CHEN Xing-Zhu, ZHOU Li-Hong, LI Qi 2012, 39 (10):  772-775.  Abstract ( 612 )   PDF (860KB) ( 1591 )   Save Matrix metalloproteinases-9(MMP-9) is an important gene in colorectal cancer occurrence and development. MMP-9 can induce cell proliferation, angiogenesis and neoplasm infiltration, and then leads to colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis. MMP-9 can not only play the role individually in colorectal cancer invasion and migration, but also can cooperate with other genes. MMP-9 is a key protease in terminal metastasis of colorectal cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Treatment strategies of unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer CAI Hao-Quan, LIN Ying-Cheng 2012, 39 (10):  775-778.  Abstract ( 712 )   PDF (860KB) ( 1577 )   Save Chemotherapy with or without moleculetargeting agents is the primary choice for patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer. New treatment strategies like intermittent therapy and maintenance therapy may not inferior to treatment until progression or unacceptable toxicity in maintaining the benefit for patients who responded or had stable disease after the firstline therapy, and also can reduce the drug related side effects and improve the quality of life. Related Articles | Metrics

Hormone replacement therapy for gynaecological cancer WANG Yi-Chen, XU Xiao-Xian, SHEN Yan-Min, YU Ai-Jun 2012, 39 (10):  778-781.  Abstract ( 595 )   PDF (861KB) ( 1609 )   Save Treatment of gynaecological cancer frequently results in the loss of ovarian function and menopausal syndrome. The most effective treatment is hormone replacement therapy (HRT). According to the current studies, HRT does not increase the risk of recurrence or death in patients with early stage endometrial cancer and uterine leiomyosarcomas. The safety of HRT in ovarian cancer patients is inconclusive. Cervical squamous cell carcinoma, vaginal cancer and vulvar cancer are not contraindications for HRT. Estrogen replacement therapy（ERT） is contraindicated for lowgrade endometrial stromal sarcomas. Therefore, after integrated risk assessment and discussion, patients with severe menopausal symptoms can be treated with HRT to improve the quality of life.  Related Articles | Metrics

BRAF oncogene in malignant melanoma LI Jing, KANG Xiao-Jing 2012, 39 (10):  781-783.  Abstract ( 820 )   PDF (794KB) ( 1921 )   Save BRAF gene has the highest mutation rate and plays an important role in the occurrence， development, invasion and metastasis of  melanoma.The frequency of the mutation varies in different clinical phenotypes, clinical pathology classifications and stages of malignant melanoma, which indicate a certain association of BRAF gene with the growth and prognosis judgment in malignant melanoma. BRAF gene mutation is the new direction of treatment in malignant melanoma molecular target therapy. Related Articles | Metrics

Skin toxicities of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors WANG Lu, XIE Xiao-Dong 2012, 39 (10):  784-787.  Abstract ( 768 )   PDF (863KB) ( 1580 )   Save Skin toxicities are the most common adverse effects of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors(EGFRI). It can result in significant physical and psychological discomfort, and even leads to interruption or dose modification, and consequently affect the curative effect. Nowadays this adverse effect has attracted lot of attention. It is proposed that clinical management and treatment measures for skin toxicities should be further studied to improve the patients life quality, and guarantee the continuity and best curative 〖JP2〗effect of the treatment. But more researches on the pathogenesis and its prognostic significance are still expected. Related Articles | Metrics

Treatment of cancer-related fatigue SHENG Li-Ming, ZHANG Li-Zhen, ZHU Yun-Xia 2012, 39 (10):  787-789.  Abstract ( 679 )   PDF (794KB) ( 1729 )   Save Cancerrelated fatigue(CRF) is one of the important symptoms for cancer patients, especially for the long-term survival patients after treatment. Its complexity and interdependency with other symptoms make it difficult to identify the clear underlying mechanisms. No single etiologic model provides a satisfactory explanation of cancer-related fatigue. For mild fatigue, non-pharmacological therapy is recommended. Non-pharmacological therapy combined with pharmacological therapies is recommended for patients with moderate and severe fatigue. Related Articles | Metrics

Predictors of cancer patients′ adaptation YAO Jing-Jing, CHEN Ru-Nan, LIU Yan-Yan, YUAN Chang-Rong 2012, 39 (10):  790-793.  Abstract ( 656 )   PDF (860KB) ( 1346 )   Save Wether cancer patients can readapt to life or not after experiencing tremendous frustration is the focus of tumor care nowadays. Since the measurement methods and outcome indexes of cancer patients adaptation level are different, adaptation related factors and predictors are controversial and there is not yet a unified opinion. Currently, it is thought that demographic information(like       age,gender,education),disease-related information (like physiological indicators, treatment options, body image and sex) are closely related to cancer patients adaptation after stress. However there are huge differences among the extents and effects. Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and clinical significance of urotensin Ⅱ in lung cancer tissue GAO Hong-Min, LI Li, YU Zhong-He, TIAN Gui-Zhen 2012, 39 (10):  794-796.  Abstract ( 711 )   PDF (797KB) ( 1448 )   Save Objective To investigate the expression of urotensin Ⅱ(UⅡ) in the lung cancer tissue from surgical resection of lung cancer patients, and to detect the relationship between UⅡ expression and pathologic types and the clinical stages of lung cancer. Methods The expression rates of UⅡof 45 lung cancer tissues and 20 inflammatory pseudotumor were measured by immunohistochemical assay, and the relationship between UⅡexpression and the pathologic types and clinical stages of lung cancer was analyzed. Results UⅡwas mainly distributed in lung cancer cell cytoplasm, which was tanyellow particles. The positive expression rate of UⅡin nonsmall cell lung cancer was 61.3%(19/31)， which was higher than that in small cell lung cancer（7.1%,1/14） and pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor（15.0%,3/20）(P<0.01).The positive expression rate of UⅡ was 100% in adenocarcinoma. The positive expression rate of UⅡin staging Ⅲ nonsmall cell lung cancer（85.7%） was higher than that of staging Ⅰ （16.7%）(P<0.05). Conclusion UⅡ exists in the cytoplasm of lung cancer cells, and the expression of UⅡis correlated with the pathological type and TNM staging of lung cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Effects of honokiol on the proliferation and apoptosis of human acute leukemia U937 cells LIU Shu-Juan, FAN Hua, JIANG Guo-Sheng 2012, 39 (10):  797-800.  Abstract ( 657 )   PDF (1265KB) ( 1697 )   Save Objective To detect the mechanism of the growth inhibition and apoptosis of human acute leukemia cell line U937 cells induced by honokiol. Metheds The proliferation inhibition was detected by MTT method. Cell apoptosis was tested by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of the apoptosis gene Bcl-2,Bax,Caspase 3,Caspase 8 and Caspase 9.Results The inhibition effect of honokiol(5 μg/ml, 48 h) on U937 cells proliferation could be observed, and the inhibition rate of 10 μg/ml honokiol on cell proliferation reached above 50%(48 h). U937 cells proliferation could be completely inhibited for 120 h. U937 cells apoptosis rate reached 26.8% (P＜0.01) after being treated with 10 μg/ml honokiol. After being treated with 10 μg/ml honokiol for 48 h, the Bcl-2 gene expression in U937 cells was reduced (control group: 0.33±0.02, experimental group: 0.14±0.01,P＜0.01), and the Bax gene expression was elevated (control group: 0.1±0.01, experimental group: 0.87±0.08,P<0.01). The gene expressions of Caspase 3(control group: 0.48±0.01, experimental group: 0.87±0.06, P＜0.01), Caspase 8(control group: 0.23±0.02, experimental group: 0.41±0.07, P＜0.01) and Caspase 9(control group: 0.44±0.05, experimental group: 0.76±0.06, P＜0.01) were all increased. The activity of Caspase 3 was 0.325±0.089, which was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P＜0.01 ).Conclusion Honokiol can significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce cell apoptosis of human acute leukemia cell line U937 cells. The mechanism is relatedto the upregulationof Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2, and the endogenous and exogenous pathways are both involved in the apoptosis process. Related Articles | Metrics