Abstract: BRAF gene has the highest mutation rate and plays an important role in the occurrence， development, invasion and metastasis of  melanoma.The frequency of the mutation varies in different clinical phenotypes, clinical pathology classifications and stages of malignant melanoma, which indicate a certain association of BRAF gene with the growth and prognosis judgment in malignant melanoma. BRAF gene mutation is the new direction of treatment in malignant melanoma molecular target therapy.

Key words: Melanoma, Proto-oncogene proteins B-raf, Mutation