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08 April 2013, Volume 40 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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MICA gene and tumors WANG Yun-Yan, XU Zong-Yuan, MENG Jun-Song 2013, 40 (4):  243-246.  Abstract ( 1071 )   PDF (777KB) ( 1552 )   Save Major histocompatibility complex class Ⅰchain related gene A(MICA) is located within the MHC class Ⅰ region of chromosome 6, including six exons. The MICA locus encodes membrane-bound polypeptides, similar with the classic class Ⅰ molecules, including three extracellular domains (α1, α2, and α3), a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail, but is not associated with β2-microglobulin. MICA gene are expressed on endothelial cells, epithelial cells as well as most epithelial tumor cell surface, and are involved in the process of cell differentiation, proliferation and infiltration in a variety of tumor cells. Soluble MICA(sMICA) can be used as the prognosis predicting factor for some tumors. MICA gene plays an important role in the pathogenesis of a variety of malignant tumors, which might bring new ideas in prevention and treatment for malignant tumors. Related Articles | Metrics

Mel-18 gene and neoplasms XU Xue-Zong, CAO Jing-Yan, YU Yan 2013, 40 (4):  246-249.  Abstract ( 788 )   PDF (698KB) ( 1284 )   Save Mel-18 gene is one of the core members of the PcG (polycomb group,) family,which plays an important role in embryogenesis, cell growth and proliferation and self-renewal of stem cells. Mel-18 gene expressing abnormally has been related to human tumorigenesis, development process. Mel-18 serves as a tumor suppressor gene and inhibits tumor growth through transcriptional repression of Bmi-1 and c-myc. Mel-18 expression is decreased at transcriptional and translational levels in most human cancers including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and gastric cancer and other tumors. Mel-18 is expected to become a prognostic marker for human cancers. Related Articles | Metrics

The  MCM2 and cancers WANG Zhi-Hui, SHENG Xiu-Jie 2013, 40 (4):  249-251.  Abstract ( 758 )   PDF (693KB) ( 1319 )   Save Minichromosome maintenance proteins（MCMs） are the primary control factors for eukaryotes DNA replication. MCMs play important roles in the starting place and the extending process of DNA replication.MCM2, one member of MCMs, expresses little in stationary phase while highly in proliferative and transformational phase. MCM2 can accurately reflect the cell proliferation activity and is considered as a specific maker for carcinoma and precancerous lesions.The overexpression of MCM2 is closely correlated with the genesis and development of tuomors, and it maybe a good maker for early screening and prognosis assessment in many cancers and used in clinical. Related Articles | Metrics

Vasohibin-1 and tumor ZHAO Guang-Ning, DING Na, SUN Yan, HAN Rui-Fa 2013, 40 (4):  252-255.  Abstract ( 703 )   PDF (755KB) ( 1563 )   Save Vasohibin-1(VASH1),which is induced in response to angiogenic stimuli such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2, has recently been isolated as a novel negative feedback inhibitor of angiogenesis.Several studies have demonstrated that VASH1 plays important roles in the development of various tumors and it would potentially be a biomarker and a candidate for molecular targeted therapy for patients with cancer in the future. Related Articles | Metrics

Advances on heme oxygenase-1 on angiogenesis of tumors CAI Jing-Jing, MENG Qian-Li, GUO Hai-Ke 2013, 40 (4):  255-259.  Abstract ( 564 )   PDF (766KB) ( 1468 )   Save Studies show that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) can promote the tumor neovascularization via interacting with angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal cell-derived factor-1. On the other hand, HO-1 may suppress angiogenesis in tumors via inhibiting the transcription of NF-κB. In a word, HO-1 may participate in the pathophysiological process of tumor angiogenesis, and may be a new target for cancer treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

Antitumor effect of piplartine and its mechanism YAO Zhi-Feng, YAO Jian-Xin, LIU Yong-Biao 2013, 40 (4):  259-263.  Abstract ( 675 )   PDF (708KB) ( 1719 )   Save Piplartine is an alkaloids/amide component of Piper species, having diverse pharmacological and biological activities. Recent studies have indicated that piplartine has inhibitory effects on several kinds of tumors and is a potential antitumor drug. It can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells, cause cell cycle arrest and induce apoptosis. More investigations suggest targeting the reactive oxygen species(ROS) stress-response pathway is closely related to its antitumor activity. Related Articles | Metrics

Anti-tumor activity and its mechanism of lycopene. HAN Jing, LING Zhi-Qiang 2013, 40 (4):  264-267.  Abstract ( 764 )   PDF (697KB) ( 2021 )   Save Lycopene is an important natural carotenoid, and is widely found in human tissues and blood, with the prevention of many types of cancer, anti-aging effect. It can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells of oral malignancy, and increasing of gap-junction communication between cells to prevent oral cancer occur, and also can inhibit the development of colorectal cancer by reducing the activity of matrix metalloproteinase. It plays the role of anti-metastatic through enhancing the expression of anti-metastatic gene nm23-H1. Related Articles | Metrics

Multiplex gene expression genetic analysis system and its pplication in cancer research ZHANG Han, ZHENG Hu-Yong 2013, 40 (4):  267-270.  Abstract ( 609 )   PDF (696KB) ( 1453 )   Save The multiplex gene expression genetic analysis system is a novel analytical platform, characterized by its primer design with gene-specific and universal sequences. The fluorescence capillary electrophoretic separation is used to compare and analyze the expression levels of multiplex PCR products. This technology is simple, rapid, productive and cost-effective, and holds great promise for cancer classification and biomarkers discovery. Related Articles | Metrics

Research Progress in diagnosis and therapy for metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma SUN Xue-Ming, LU Tai-Xiang 2013, 40 (4):  270-273.  Abstract ( 689 )   PDF (698KB) ( 1421 )   Save Early diagnosis, early treatment and the correct therapeutic approch are the keys for metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) treatment. Currently, PET-CT is the best modality for distant metastasis staging of NPC. Cispalatin-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment method of metastatic NPC. Molecular targeted therapy is possible to further increase curative effect. When the lesions are limited, local palliative treatment may improve prognosis if patient’s illness is controled by chemotherapy. Related Articles | Metrics

Polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes in relation to susceptibility of lung cancer WANG Qi, HU Wei-Guo, SONG Qi-Bin 2013, 40 (4):  274-278.  Abstract ( 568 )   PDF (708KB) ( 1682 )   Save It is proved that significant differences in individual susceptibility to lung cancer. Genetic polymorphisms of several enzymes involved in the detoxification and biotransformation might be related to the lung cancer susceptibility. Cytochromes P450, N-acetyltransferases, microsomal epoxide hydrolase, NAD(P)H:quinine oxidoreductase are the most frequently investigated genes in recent years. All theses genes appear to be the candidates for lung cancer susceptibility genes. The studies of the relationship between polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes and lung cancer susceptibility will help to find useful biomarkers. An improved understanding of genetic polymorphisms may help to identify individuals who are at increased risk for lung cancer and decrease the incidence of lung cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Impact and treatment of chemotherapy-induced anemia on lung cancer patients HE Chun-Xiao, SONG Zheng-Bo, ZHANG Yi-Ping 2013, 40 (4):  278-283.  Abstract ( 827 )   PDF (717KB) ( 1420 )   Save Anemia is common observed in lung cancer patients, and it is mainly caused by chemotherapy. Anemia can cause several debilitating symptoms such as fatigue and tachycardia which will not only influence the patients’ quality of life and therapy effect, but also short the survival time. So anemia has been regarded as a poor independent prognostic indicator of the disease. Transfusion the erythrocyte and using the erythropoiesis stimulating agents is the main treatments of the disease. Using the erythropoiesis stimulating agents is the main treatment before the hemoglobin decreasing significantly in order to reduce the times of transfusion. Keeping the hemoglobin between 10.0-12.0 g/dl can improve the patients’ quality of life and avoid the adverse events such as thrombus formation at the same time. Related Articles | Metrics

Molecular diagnosis of breast cancer HE Tao-Jun, WU Zheng-Lin 2013, 40 (4):  283-286.  Abstract ( 641 )   PDF (699KB) ( 1482 )   Save There are so many associated genes,proteins and cytokines altering in the genesis and development of breast cancer. It is very important to detect these tumour markers for the diagnose, therapy and prognosis prodicting of breast cancer. In recent years, following by molecular biology development, the detection items on associated genes and proteins of breast cancer have been carried out one after another, such as ER,PR,HER-2,p53 and so on. However, these detection contents are not identical by each other from different areas and hospitals, without unified standard. Related Articles | Metrics

Intensity-modulated radiotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer HOU Hai-Ling, ZHAO Lu-Jun, LI Rui-Ying, YUAN Zhi-Yong 2013, 40 (4):  287-289.  Abstract ( 582 )   PDF (748KB) ( 1624 )   Save The current challenge from radiotherapy of early breast cancer has been to minimize the morbidity caused by this treatment without losing efficacy. Conventional two-dimensional RT breast plans can produce substantial dose inhomogeneities. Intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) can be used to improve the dose homogeneity in an irradiated volume. And to some extent, IMRT can reduce radiation doses to adjacent normal tissues including the contralateral breast, heart and lung, and improve the cosmetic outcome. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinicopathological characteristics and treatment of stomach neoplasms  with liver metastasis SUI Ming-Hua, ZHANG Liang-Ming 2013, 40 (4):  290-293.  Abstract ( 610 )   PDF (702KB) ( 1539 )   Save Gastric cancer can spread to the liver through hematogenous metastasis, lymphatic metastasis and serosal invasion of primary tumor. The occurrence of gastric cancer with liver metastasis is only second to the occurrence of peritoneal metastasis. Liver metastasis is one of the main distant metastasis of gastric cancer, and is a major cause of cancer-related death. The treatment of gastric cancer with liver metastasis still remains controversial. The optimal treatment strategies should be based on the clinicopathological characteristics of each patients and evidence-based medicine, and the individualized plan should be set through multidisciplinary team discussions. Before the more results of prospective studies released, multidisciplinary treatment is the main method, and the appropriate patients should be cautiously choosed for surgery. Related Articles | Metrics

Liposarcoma and its treatment HUANG Yuan, LU Wei-Qi, ZHOU Yu-Hong 2013, 40 (4):  294-297.  Abstract ( 834 )   PDF (699KB) ( 1902 )   Save Liposarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma. Liposarcoma is widely diverse in the clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics. Surgery is still the mainstay of liposarcoma therapy and the only cure way. With the development of molecular biology, as well as the discovery of molecular pathways, oncogenes and anti-oncogenes, it is possible to treat liposarcoma with targeted drugs. Related Articles | Metrics

The role of ASPP2 in the apoptosis, cell cycle and autophagy of starvation-induced HCT116 p53+/+ cell line HOU Qing-Sheng, DING Wei, CHEN De-Xi, HAN Yue, ZHANG Yu-Lin, GUO Hong-Liang 2013, 40 (4):  298-302.  Abstract ( 695 )   PDF (1199KB) ( 1250 )   Save Objective To investigate the role of apoptosis stimulating protein 2 of p53（ASPP2）in the apoptosis, cell cycle and autophagy of starvation-induced colorectal cancer HCT116 p53+/+ (p53 wild-type) cell line. Methods Six groups were included: ⑴ control group; ⑵ green fluorescent protein adenovirus (rAd-GFP) infection group; ⑶ ASPP2 adenovirus (rAd-ASPP2) infection group; ⑷ starvation group; ⑸GFP+ starvation group; ⑹ASPP2+ starvation group. HCT116 cells were infected with ASPP2 adenovirus (rAd-ASPP2), resulting ASPP2 gene over-expression. The apoptosis, autophagy and cell cycle changes were induced by culturing with serum-free medium for 24 h. Apoptosis was evaluated by Calcein／PI uptaking test, and autophagy was observed by counting the red fluorescent protein autophagy plasmid CFP-Lc3 which was transfected into cytoplasm. Cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results Over-expressed ASPP2 was found to significantly promote starvation-induced HCT116 apoptosis（cell apoptosis rate: GFP+ starvation group : 10.00%±1.42%；ASPP2+ starvation group: 18.44%±2.06%  P=0.000） and autophagy（cell autophagy rate: GFP+ starvation group : 35.00%±5.34%；ASPP2+ starvation group : 57.61%±6.06%  P=0.000）, and accelerate HCT116 G2/M arrest under starvation. But over-expressed ASPP2 could result in both G0/G1 and G2/M arrest without starvation. Conclusion These results suggest that ASPP2 can promote HCT116 p53+/+ cell apoptosis and autophagy, and affect the cell cycle. Related Articles | Metrics

A comparative study on nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated by radiotherapy with different survival time XU Zhi-Yuan, LIN Lian-Xing 2013, 40 (4):  302-306.  Abstract ( 513 )   PDF (854KB) ( 1361 )   Save Objective  To evaluate the clinical features of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with different survival time and to analyze the factors associated with prognosis improvement. Methods Three hundred and fifty three patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated in our hospital from January 2000 to April 2002 were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into three groups based on their survival time. One hundred and forty five patients were divided into A groups whose overall survival time were less than five years. Sixteen patients were included in B group whose overall survival time were greater than or equal to five years and less than ten years, and the other one hundred and ninety two patients were divided into C groups whose overall survival time were greater than or equal to ten years. The clinical features were compared and factors associated with survival were identified. Results The 5 and 10 years overall survival rates of the 353 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients underwent radiotherapy were 58.924% and 54.391% respectively. Curative effect of early nasopharyngeal carcinoma was better. Cox regression analysis identified age, N stage, combined with chemotherapy or not and complete remission rate of nasopharynx and neck lymph were independent prognostic factors. Conclusion For nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients, early detection, early treatment, rational comprehensive treatment and complete remission after treatment and complications prevention are important. Related Articles | Metrics

Therapeutic effect of thalidomide plus irinotecan and cisplatin for recurrent small cell lung cancer WANG Jun-Ye, HU Dong-Yu 2013, 40 (4):  306-308.  Abstract ( 607 )   PDF (691KB) ( 1422 )   Save Objective To investigate the efficacy and toxicity of thalidomide plus irinotecan and cisplatin treatment for recurrent small cell lung cancer. Methods 62 patients with recurrent small cell lung cancer in the same period were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to the principle of minimum distribution imbalance index. The observation group patients were treated with thalidomide plus irinotecan and cisplatin chemotherapy, and the control group patients were treated  with irinotecan and cisplatin chemotherapy. The efficacy and toxicity of the two groups were compared. Results The overall response rate in the group observation was 86.7% compared with 63.3% in the control group, and the difference has statistical significance (χ2 =8.52，P<0.05). The major toxicities were hematologic toxicity and gastrointestinal symptoms, and the side effects was not statistically significant (χ2=0.18，P＞0.05). Conclusion The treatment of recurrent small cell lung cancer with irinotecan and cisplatin in combination with thalidomide has high efficiency, and the toxicity can be tolerated. Related Articles | Metrics

The clinical characteristics and survival analysis of 368 cases of smoking lung cancer LI Xiu-Rong, LI Hui-Jie, XU Di-Kui 2013, 40 (4):  309-312.  Abstract ( 560 )   PDF (696KB) ( 1344 )   Save Objective To discuss the clinical characteristics and the relationship with the survival of smoking lung cancer patients. Methods The clinical data of 368 cases were retrospectively analyzed by comparing the differences of the age, gender, histological type, clinical stage, treatment and symptoms of tradition Chinese medicine, and their correlation with the survival was analyzed. Results: Among the 368 patients, the ones aged between 50 to 69 accounted for 69.84%; the proportion between the male ones and the female ones was 7.98:1; the proportion of the squamous cell carcinoma was as high as 52.45%; the proportion of the patients with small cell lung cancer in extensive stage was significantly higher than that of the patients in the limited stage(75.38% vs 24.62%); the numbers of the patients with non-small cell lung cancer in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in the stageⅠandⅡ(82.77% vs 17.23%); the ones with non-surgical treatment  accounted for 76.36%, and  the proportion of ones with surgery treatment were 23.64%; most of the patients were treated by both Chinese medicine and chemotherapy(41.04%); the main types of all patients were qi-yin deficiency syndrome and toxic heat flourishing syndrome, accounting for 36.96% and 29.28% respectively. The age（F=10.356，P=0.000）, clinical stage（F=11.289，P=0.000）, treatment methods（t=2.624，P=0.021）, smoking index（F=3.681，P=0.021） were the key factors effecting the survival (P＜0.05), and the gender, histological type, tradition Chinese medicine type had no significant effect（P＞0.05）.Conclusion The clinical characteristics of the cases are 50-69-aged, male, squamous cell carcinoma, advanced stage, treatment without surgery. The survival of smoking lung cancer patients is effected by the age, clinical stage, treatment methods and smoking index. Related Articles | Metrics

Distribution characteristics and drug resistance of infection pathogens isolated from elderly patients with malignancies in hematology ward LI Jing-Jing, CHEN Qiong, YE Wei-De, ZHU Qi 2013, 40 (4):  312-315.  Abstract ( 560 )   PDF (692KB) ( 1546 )   Save Objective To investigate the distribution features and antibiotic drug resistance of infection pathogens isolated from elderly patients with malignancies complicated with infection following treatment in an open hematology ward. Methods From January 2010 to June 2012, specimens from hospitalized elderly patients with concurrent infection were cultured to isolate infection pathogens through routine methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by microdilution method. Results A total of 302 strains of infection pathogens were isolated from all detected samples, among which isolated strains of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi were 194, 91 and 17 strains, respectively. Isolated fungi were mostly susceptible to antifungal drugs. Gram-negative bacteria were highly susceptible to carbapenem, while Gram-positive bacteria were most sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin. Conclusions  The nosocomial infection pathogens of elderly patients with malignancies in hematology ward are most likely Gram-negative bacteria. Before specimens culture results and susceptibility are known, all these patients should be empirically treated with broad spectrum antibiotics, which have the most activity against Gram-negative bacteria as well as Gram-positive bacteria coverage. Related Articles | Metrics