国际肿瘤学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 193-200.doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20250823-00032

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

肠道菌群与甲状腺癌因果关系的研究

刘鲁嘉, 王玉坤, 郑海涛()   

  1. 青岛大学附属烟台毓璜顶医院甲状腺外科烟台 264000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-23 出版日期:2026-04-08 发布日期:2026-04-01
  • 通讯作者: 郑海涛,Email: zhenghaitao1972@sdu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    烟台毓璜顶医院青年科研启动基金(202212)

Investigation of the causal relationship between gut microbiota and thyroid cancer

Liu Lujia, Wang Yukun, Zheng Haitao()   

  1. Department of Thyroid SurgeryAffiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao UniversityYantai 264000, China
  • Received:2025-08-23 Online:2026-04-08 Published:2026-04-01
  • Contact: Zheng Haitao, Email: zhenghaitao1972@sdu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Youth Research Start-up Fund of Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital(202212)

摘要:

目的 利用孟德尔随机化(MR)分析探讨肠道菌群和甲状腺癌的因果关系。方法 利用肠道菌群与甲状腺癌全基因组关联研究(GWAS)的汇总统计数据进行MR分析,并利用本地菌群测序数据进行验证。肠道菌群GWAS汇总数据来自MiBioGen联盟(n=18 340),作为暴露因素。甲状腺癌的汇总数据来自英国生物样本库(649例甲状腺癌患者和431例健康对照者),作为结局数据。以逆方差加权(IVW)法作为主要分析方法,并进行异质性和多效性检验。于2024年6月28日至2024年7月31日在青岛大学附属烟台毓璜顶医院共招募20例甲状腺癌患者(甲状腺癌组)和20例健康对照者(健康对照组)为研究对象,对其粪便样本进行16S rRNA基因测序。结果 5种菌属与甲状腺癌可能存在因果关系,其中Paraprevotella(IVW OR=4.72,95%CI为1.27~17.56,P=0.021)和产粪甾醇真杆菌(IVW OR=5.96,95%CI为1.27~28.01,P=0.024)与甲状腺癌风险升高具有因果关系,而布劳特菌属(IVW OR=0.10,95%CI为0.01~0.97,P=0.046)、Parasutterella(IVW OR=0.25,95%CI为0.07~0.88,P=0.030)和普雷沃菌属_9(IVW OR=0.21,95%CI为0.07~0.68,P=0.009)与甲状腺癌风险降低具有因果关系。菌群测序结果显示,与健康对照组相比,甲状腺癌组Paraprevotella[0.41(0.03,1.23)比0.06(0.01,0.23),U=84.50,P=0.038]和产粪甾醇真杆菌[0.93(0.43,2.23)比0.42(0.09,1.20),U=85.50,P=0.041]的相对丰度显著升高,差异有统计学意义;而布劳特菌属[0.35(0.26,0.57)比0.56(0.35,1.03),U=90.00,P=0.062]、Parasutterella[0.18(0.13,0.68)比0.43(0.13,1.07),U=117.00,P=0.357]和普雷沃菌属_9[0.19(0.11,3.82)比1.23(0.17,12.10),U=93.50,P=0.079]的相对丰度降低,差异均无统计学意义。结论 5种肠道菌属与甲状腺癌可能存在因果关系,其中Paraprevotella和产粪甾醇真杆菌与甲状腺癌发生风险升高有关,而布劳特菌属、Parasutterella和普雷沃菌属_9与甲状腺癌发生风险降低有关。本地菌群测序结果表明,Paraprevotella和产粪甾醇真杆菌在甲状腺癌的发生发展中发挥致病作用,而布劳特菌属、Parasutterella和普雷沃菌属_9可能具有保护作用,但需要更大样本的研究来证实。

关键词: 胃肠道微生物组, 甲状腺肿瘤, 孟德尔随机化分析, 因果律

Abstract:

Objective To explore the causal relationship between gut microbiota and thyroid cancer using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods An MR study was conducted using summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of gut microbiome and thyroid cancer, and the local microbiome sequencing data was used to validate the findings. GWAS summary data of gut microbiota were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium (n=18 340), served as exposure. The summary data of thyroid cancer were obtained from the UK Biobank (649 cases and 431 controls), served as outcome. The inverse-variance weighting (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis method, with assessments of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy conducted. From June 28, 2024 to July 31, 2024, a total of 20 thyroid cancer patients (thyroid cancer group) and 20 healthy controls (healthy control group) were recruited as research subjects at Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University. Fecal samples from all participants were collected and subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results Five bacterial genera were identified with potential causal relationship with thyroid cancer. Paraprevotella (IVW OR=4.72, 95%CI: 1.27-17.56, P=0.021) and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes (IVW OR=5.96, 95%CI: 1.27-28.01, P=0.024) were causally associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer, while Blautia (IVW OR=0.10, 95%CI: 0.01-0.97, P=0.046), Parasutterella (IVW OR=0.25, 95%CI: 0.07-0.88, P=0.030), and Prevotella_9 (IVW OR=0.21, 95%CI: 0.07-0.68, P=0.009) were causally associated with a decreased risk of thyroid cancer. Microbiome sequencing results indicated that compared with the healthy control group, the relative abundance of Paraprevotella [0.41 (0.03, 1.23) vs. 0.06 (0.01, 0.23), U=84.50, P=0.038] and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes [0.93 (0.43, 2.23) vs. 0.42 (0.09, 1.20), U=85.50, P=0.041] was significantly higher in the thyroid cancer group, with statistically significant differences; while those of Blautia [0.35 (0.26, 0.57) vs. 0.56 (0.35, 1.03), U=90.00, P=0.062], Parasutterella [0.18 (0.13, 0.68) vs. 0.43 (0.13, 1.07), U=117.00, P=0.357], and Prevotella_9 [0.19 (0.11, 3.82) vs. 1.23 (0.17, 12.10), U=93.50, P=0.079] was reduced, although the differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions Five bacterial genera may have causal associations with thyroid cancer. Among them, Paraprevotella and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes are associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer, while BlautiaParasutterella, and Prevotella_9 are linked to a decreased risk of thyroid cancer. Local microbiome sequencing results reveal that Paraprevotella and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes may contribute to the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer, whereas BlautiaParasutterella, and Prevotella_9 may exert protective effects, although confirmation through larger-scale studies is required.

Key words: Gastrointestinal microbiome, Thyroid neoplasms, Mendelian randomization analysis, Causality