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08 December 2018, Volume 45 Issue 12 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effects of resveratrol on proliferation and invasion of lung cancer 95D cells Chen Haixia 2018, 45 (12):  705-710.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.001 Abstract ( 520 )   PDF (2623KB) ( 542 )   Save ObjectiveTo study the effects of resveratrol on the proliferation and invasion capacity of human lung adenocarcinoma 95D cells. MethodsHuman lung adenocarcinoma 95D cells were treated with 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 μmol/L resveratrol and treated with 0 μmol/L as the control group. The proliferation level of 95D cells was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT). Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Cell adhesion rate was determined by in vitro adhesion test. Cell invasiveness was measured by Transwell chamber. The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase2 (MMP2) and tissue inhibitior of metalloproteinase2 (TIMP2) were determined by fluorescent immunocytochemistry. ResultsWhen the 95D cells were treated with resveratrol for 72 h, the cell proliferation rates in groups treated with 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 μmol/L resveratrol were 100%, (82.23±0.33)%, (62.45±0.27)%, (49.89±0.43)%, (45.11±0.35)% respectively, with a significant difference (F=87.830, P=0.002). The proliferation rates of 95D cells in the 10, 20, 40, 80 μmol/L resveratrol groups were significantly inhibited compared with the control group (P=0.017, P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001). When the 95D cells were treated for 48 h, the apoptosis rates of cells in each group were 0, (34.90±0.91)%, (41.33±0.13)%, (45.47±0.87)%, (59.46±0.59)% respectively, with a significant difference (F=21.032, P=0.002). The apoptosis rates of 95D cells in the 10, 20, 40, 80 μmol/L resveratrol groups were significantly increased compared with the control group (P=0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001). When the 95D cells were treated for 48 h, the S phase cell percentages in each group were (18.12±0.62)%, (38.33±0.62)%, (54.15±0.74)%, (44.85±0.82)%, (50.01±0.35)% respectively, with a significant difference (F=104.156, P=0.001). The S phase cell percentages in the 10, 20, 40, 80 μmol/L resveratrol groups were significantly higher compared with the control group (P=0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001). When the 95D cells were treated for 24 h, the cell adhesion rates in each group  were 100%, (87.41±0.02)%, (84.32±0.03)%, (68.23±0.04)%, (63.01±0.02)% respectively, with a significant difference (F=13.760, P<0.001). The cell adhesion rates in the 20, 40, 80 μmol/L resveratrol groups were significantly inhibited compared with the control group (P=0.035, P<0.001, P<0.001), while the 10 μmol/L resveratrol group had no significant difference compared with the control group (P=0.058). When the 95D cells were treated for 24 h, the cell invasion rates in each group were 100%, (97.01±0.03)%, (74.89±0.07)%, (34.07±0.03)%, (14.65±0.02)% respectively, with a significant difference (F=39.382, P=0.001). The cell invasion rates in the 20, 40, 80 μmol/L groups were significantly inhibited compared with the control group (P=0.012, P<0.001, P<0.001), while the 10 μmol/L resveratrol group had no significant difference compared with the control group (P=0.881). When the 95D cells were treated for 48 h, MMP2 protein expression was decreased in the 20 mol/L group, while TIMP2 protein expression was increased compared with the control group. ConclusionResveratrol can inhibit the proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma 95D cells and has effect of antitumor cell invasiveness, and its mechanism may involve twoway regulation of MMP2/TIMP2 expression. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Prognostic evaluation of Ki67 and derived neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma Xu Xiang, He Qingwen, Xiao Caiwen 2018, 45 (12):  711-715.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.002 Abstract ( 894 )   PDF (836KB) ( 793 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the prognostic value of Ki67 and derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) in clinical outcomes of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. MethodsA total of 180 patients with undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma confirmed by pathology from January 2011 to June 2015 in our hospital were enrolled. The neutrophil count and  white blood cell count before radiotherapy and chemotherapy were collected,  and dNLR was calculated. The positive rate of Ki67 in tumor tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The predictive values of  Ki67 positive rate and  dNLR on  the overall survival (OS) rate and progression free survival (PFS) rate were evaluated. ResultsThe 3year OS rate prediction thresholds for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma by Ki67 and dNLR were 73.5% and 2.21, respectively, which assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The proportion of TNM ⅢⅣ stage in patients with Ki67≥73.5% was higher than that in Ki67<73.5% (100% vs. 89.7%, χ2=5.529, P=0.019); the proportion of T34 stage in dNLR≥2.21 was higher than that in dNLR<2.21 (91.1% vs. 75.0%, χ2=6.228, P=0.013), and the proportion of TNM ⅢⅣ stage in the dNLR≥2.21 group was higher than that in the dNLR<2.21 group (100% vs. 90.3%, χ2=4.355, P=0.037). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that Ki67≥73.5% (HR=3.011, 95%CI: 1.8744.982, P<0.001) and dNLR≥2.21 (HR=2.234, 95%CI: 1.2743.382, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for OS in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, while Ki67≥73.5% (HR=2.842, 95%CI: 2.0554.337, P<0.001) and dNLR≥2.21 (HR=2.086, 95%CI: 1.4522.983, P<0.001) were also independent risk factors for PFS in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Patients were divided into highrisk group, mediumrisk group and lowrisk group combined with Ki67 and dNLR, the 3year OS rates were 20.0%, 85.7% and 95.3% respectively, and the 3year PFS rates were 12.0%, 78.6% and 89.4% respectively,  with  statistical differences (χ2=15.521, P<0.001; χ2=15.849, P<0.001). ConclusionKi67 and dNLR can effectively predict OS and PFS in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, combined with Ki67 and dNLR can prognose stratification of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Relationships between plasma fibrinogen and prognosis and tumor metastasis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma Yuan Haozhan, Ji Mingan, Wang Yanting 2018, 45 (12):  716-720.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.003 Abstract ( 580 )   PDF (980KB) ( 1187 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the relationships between the plasma fibrinogen level before treatment and prognosis and tumor metastasis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. MethodsThe clinical data of 817 patients with nondistant metastasis nasopharyngeal carcinoma from January 2005 to October 2014 in our hospital were collected. All the patients were followed up, and the median followup time was 37.6 months. The critical value of plasma fibrinogen before treatment was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) and their relevant factors were analyzed by KaplanMeier and Cox regression model. ResultsThe critical value of plasma fibrinogen before treatment was 3.314 g/L determined by ROC curve analysis. The plasma fibrinogen level before treatment was related to the TNM stage (χ2=6.048, P=0.014), T stage (χ2=13.764, P＜0.001) and distant metastasis after treatment (χ2=14.637, P<0.001). Survival analysis showed that the 3year OS rate and 3year DMFS rate in patients with plasma fibrinogen level ≥3.314 g/L before treatment were significantly lower than those in patients with plasma fibrinogen level ＜3.314 g/L, with significant differences (87.2% vs. 95.6%, χ2=4.562, P<0.001; 71.1% vs. 82.2%, χ2=5.153, P<0.001). Cox multivariate analysis showed that high level of plasma fibrinogen before treatment (HR=1.961, 95%CI: 1.3322.917, P=0.001), EB virus DNA (HR=1.929, 95%CI: 1.2752.849, P=0.001) and pretreatment stage (HR=1.653, 95%CI: 1.0132.709, P=0.045) were the independent influencing factors of OS. The high level of plasma fibrinogen before treatment (HR=1.519, 95%CI: 1.1421.964, P=0.002) and EB virus DNA (HR=1.950, 95%CI: 1.4832.555, P＜0.001) were the independent influencing factors of DMFS. Of the 817 patients, 179 patients (21.91%) had metastasis during the followup period, and 159 patients (88.83%) had metastasis within 3 years after treatment. The plasma fibrinogen level before treatment in 638 patients without metastasis (3.197±1.009) was significantly lower than that in 179 patients with metastasis (3.351±1.042; t=5.089, P=0.024), and was significantly lower than that in 87 patients with bone metastasis (3.430±1.004; t=6.752, P=0.009), 68 patients with pulmonary metastasis (3.301±1.018; t=4.281, P=0.039) and 71 patients with liver metastasis (3.413±1.107; t=6.398, P=0.011). ConclusionThe plasma fibrinogen level before treatment can be used as an independent index to predict the prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which is related to tumor metastasis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analysis of prognosis factors in nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma Chen Luojun, Li Na, Tian Jingyuan, Xu Bin, Song Qibin 2018, 45 (12):  721-726.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.004 Abstract ( 585 )   PDF (741KB) ( 657 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the prognosis factors of patients with nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (NFPanNEC). MethodsThe patients with NFPanNEC confirmed by pathology from 2004 to 2015 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database of the American National Cancer Institute. The MatchIt package in the R software was used to perform propensitymatching analysis of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The KaplanMeier method was used to calculate the cumulative survival rate, and the significant difference was evaluated by the logrank test. Then the Cox multivariate regression analysis was applied to evaluate the prognostic factors of NFPanNEC patients. ResultsA total of 2 603 NFPanNEC patients were included in the analysis. Univariate analysis showed that the age of diagnosis (χ2=123.8, P<0.001), gender (χ2=7.3, P=0.007), marital status (χ2=26.7, P<0.001),  primary site of tumor (χ2=47.8, P<0.001), degree of tumor differentiation (χ2=628.7, P<0.001),  American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (χ2=811.7, P<0.001), T stage (χ2=425.9, P<0.001), N stage (χ2=272.3, P<0.001), M stage (χ2=779.8, P<0.001), surgery (χ2=962.6, P<0.001), chemotherapy (χ2=21.9, P<0.001) were associated with the prognosis of NFPanNEC patients. No correlation was observed between radiotherapy and the prognosis of NFPanNEC patients (χ2=0.1, P=0.750). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that older diagnostic age (≥74 years old vs. ≤56 years old, HR=2.20, 95%CI: 1.842.62, P<0.001), male (male vs. female, HR=1.14, 95%CI为1.01~1.29, P=0.035), single or divorced or widowed (single or divorced vs. married, HR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.101.45, P=0.001; widowed vs. married, HR=1.29, 95%CI: 1.041.61, P=0.022), head of pancreas (tail of pancreas vs. head of pancreas, HR=0.85, 95%CI: 0.730.99, P=0.033), poor differentiation (grade Ⅳ vs. grade Ⅰ, HR=3.75, 95%CI: 2.705.20, P<0.001), late AJCC stage (stage Ⅳ vs. stage Ⅰ, HR=5.72, 95%CI: 4.237.73, P<0.001), no surgery treatment (yes vs. no, HR=0.37, 95%CI: 0.300.44, P<0.001) were significant prognostic risk factors for NFPanNEC patients, and chemotherapy was not independent prognostic factor (yes vs. no, HR=1.00, 95%CI: 0.881.13, P=0.958). ConclusionThe older diagnostic age, single or divorced or windowed, head of pancreas, poor differentiation, late AJCC stage and no surgery treatment are significant prognostic risk factors for NFPanNEC patients. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy may not improve the prognosis of NFPanNEC patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical research of sodium glycididazole injection combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in treatment of primary advanced cervical cancer Wei Min, Xu Lingyan, Han Jie, Wang Peng 2018, 45 (12):  727-730.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.005 Abstract ( 606 )   PDF (635KB) ( 505 )   Save ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy and safety of sodium glycididazole injection combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in treatment of primary advanced cervical cancer. MethodsA total of 84 patients with primary advanced cervical cancer were selected from November 2010 to November 2016 in Qinghai Provincial People′s Hospital. All the patients were divided into the control group (n=42) and the experimental group (n=42) according to random number table method. The control group was treated with routine chemoradiotherapy, and the experimental group was treated with sodium glycididazole injection based on the control group. The curative effects, levels of serum tumor markers such as squamous cell carcinoma associated antigen (SCC), tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS), soluble human major histocompatibility complexⅠ molecular chain related gene A protein (sMICA), hypoxia inducible factor1α (HIF1α), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared. ResultsFour months after treatment, the total effective rates of the experimental group and the control group were 73.81% (31/42) and 50.00%(21/42). The total effective rate in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.048, P=0.025). Four months after treatment, the levels of SCC ［(2.67±0.76 ) ng/ml vs. (4.10±0.94) ng/ml］, TPS ［(56.85±6.39) U/L vs. (86.69±12.62) U/L］, sMICA ［(90.31±11.25) ng/L vs. (129.46±16.60) ng/L］, HIF1α ［(55.47±7.04) ng/L vs. (68.07±7.97) ng/L］ and Her2 ［(44.64±4.96) U/L vs. (53.07±6.56) U/L］ in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (t=7.667, P<0.001; t=13.671, P<0.001; t=12.653, P<0.001; t=7.679, P<0.001; t=6.643, P<0.001). The occurrence rates of bone marrow suppression of the experimental group and the control group were 23.81% (10/42) and 21.43% (9/42), the occurrence rates of gastrointestinal reaction were 19.05% (8/42) and 14.29% (6/42), the occurrence rates of abnormal electrocardiogram were 4.76% (2/42) and 2.38% (1/42), and the tatal adverse reaction rates were 47.62% (20/42) and 38.10% (16/42). The difference of the total adverse reaction rates between the experimental group and the control group was not statistically significant (χ2=0.778, P=0.378). ConclusionThe clinical efficacy of sodium glycididazole injection combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy is definite for primary advanced cervical cancer. This treatment regimen can reduce serum levels of SCC, TPS, sMICA, HIF1α and Her2, and not increase the incidence of adverse reactions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of TRIM14 in malignant tumors Yang Zhixian, Hou Fei, Li Haoyu, Deng Zhiyong 2018, 45 (12):  731-734.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.006 Abstract ( 939 )   PDF (637KB) ( 714 )   Save Tripartite motifcontaining 14 (TRIM14) is a member of tripartite motif family. Regulating innate immune response and affecting cell differentiation are the main physiological functions of TRIM14. It is reported TRIM14 expresses in various tumors such as nonsmall cell lung cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, osteosarcoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma. The proliferation, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance of malignant tumors and the prognosis of patients with cancer can be affected via different mechanisms of TRIM14. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Regulatory mechanism of SNX family in tumor genesis and development Hu Bo, Lu Jibin 2018, 45 (12):  735-738.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.007 Abstract ( 742 )   PDF (634KB) ( 775 )   Save The sorting nexin (SNX) family is a class of functional proteins involved in protein sorting and transfer. A total of 33 members are involved in the regulation of life activities in mammal. SNX family expresses abnormally in a variety of tumors, including colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, thyroid cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, et al. SNX family plays important roles in tumor genesis, development, invasion, metastasis, prognosis and chemotherapy resistance by sorting and transfer of key proteins regulating tumor activity, and provides a new way for the treatment of tumors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Roles of exosomes in tumor formation, diagnosis and treatment Yang Xin, Meng Bin 2018, 45 (12):  739-742.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.008 Abstract ( 680 )   PDF (636KB) ( 562 )   Save Exosomes are subcellular membrane structures secreted by both normal cells and tumor cells. They contain a variety of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) and signaling molecules, and have important research value in tumorigenesis, tumor diagnostic classification and immunotherapy. The effect of exosomes on tumorigenesis is a doubleedged sword, and the miRNAs act as molecular markers and contribute to classify morphologically intractable tumors such as glioblastoma. In antineoplastic therapy, exosomes can be used as drug carriers or induce a new type of immunotherapy through their own characteristics. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Autophagy in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy Wang Xin, Song Haiping, Wang Ye, Sun Hongquan, Ma Xuezhen 2018, 45 (12):  743-746.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.009 Abstract ( 886 )   PDF (636KB) ( 853 )   Save Autophagy is a crucial physiological process for cellular selfrenewing and homeostasis, which plays a dual role in both tumorigenesis and antitumor treatment. It plays an antineoplastic role by maintaining genomic stability, as well as a protective role in tumorgenesis and progression. Autophagy improves the effectiveness of antitumor therapy, meanwhile, it involves in resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy and irradiation. Using relevant autophagy regulators in different backgrounds is expected to become a new strategy for improving sensitivity of tumor cells to antitumor treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Antitumor mechanism of metformin and its effect on targeted drugs Gao Hui, Yi Shanyong, Yang Bin, Ma Xiwen, Zhao Ling 2018, 45 (12):  747-750.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.010 Abstract ( 547 )   PDF (635KB) ( 642 )   Save With the advent of the era of accurate medical treatment, molecular targeted therapy has become a new trend of cancer treatment. The abnormal status of cancer metabolism and metabolic drug together with tumor targeted therapy are becoming the hotspot in cancer. A large number of studies have shown that metformin, a targeted metabolic drug, has synergistic antitumor effects when it is used in combination with various target drugs. The combination of targeted metabolic drugs and antitumor drugs can provide new strategies for tumor treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Predictive biomarkers of efficacy to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors Wang Axiang, Gao Quanli 2018, 45 (12):  751-755.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.011 Abstract ( 911 )   PDF (646KB) ( 980 )   Save  With the development of tumor precise immunotherapy, it is a hot topic to find biomarkers to predict the response ability of programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). So far, many predictors, such as the PD-L1 expression in tumor tissue, tumorinfiltrating lymphocyte, tumor mutational burden, serum markers and radiographic markers, have shown predictive value in the process of antiPD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. But each predictor has its limitations. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Therapy for elderly patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer Zhou Jin, Wu Jie, Zhang Huibo, Chen Min 2018, 45 (12):  756-759.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.012 Abstract ( 347 )   PDF (638KB) ( 489 )   Save Chemotherapy is recommended for stage ⅢB/Ⅳ nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. The treatments for elderly patients with advanced NSCLC are mainly singleagent chemotherapy and platinumbased combination chemotherapy. However, elderly patients tolerate chemotherapy poorly because of agerelated comorbidities. Therefore, the curative effect of elderly patients is relatively poorer as compared to their younger counterparts. Targeted therapy and immune therapy have become new research directions. It is important to select an appropriate program for elderly patients according to geriatric assessments. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Pharmacogenomics and clinical significance of rhabdomyosarcoma in children Chai Xi, Ma Xiaoli 2018, 45 (12):  760-764.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.12.013 Abstract ( 571 )   PDF (644KB) ( 673 )   Save Rhabdomyosarcoma is a common soft tissue malignant tumor in children. Multidisciplinary combination therapy based on chemotherapy can improve the survival rate. Studies in chemotherapeutic pharmacogenomics indicate that the main cause of differences in individual drug responses is genetic polymorphism. Chemotherapy regimen include vincristine, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, irinotecan etc. CYP3A5 gene is related to neurotoxicity of vincristine, and ABCB1 gene is related to clearance rate of actinomycin D. CYP2C9 high expression makes increased hemorrhagic cystitis risk with cyclophosphamide. CYP2B6 is a predictor of neutrophil reduction in doxorubicin. UGT1A1 gene polymorphism is associated with severe diarrhea and neutropenia of irinotecan and CYP3A4 affects metabolism of etoposide. Detection of chemotherapeutic drug gene expression before treatment and adjustment of chemotherapy regimens can reduce adverse reactions and provide the possibility of individualized precision treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics