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08 October 2018, Volume 45 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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PFKFB3 promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis in adenoid cystic carcinoma ACC-2 cells Qiao Yan, Liu Xin 2018, 45 (10):  577-582.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.001 Abstract ( 374 )   PDF (2415KB) ( 612 )   Save Objective  To evaluate the expression of 6-phosphofructo-2kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) in adenoid cystic carcinoma and the effects of PFKFB3 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and tumorigenesis in vivo of adenoid cystic carcinoma cells. Methods  Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were applied to detect the expression of PFKFB3 in 29 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma tissues and 10 cases of paracarcinoma normal salivary gland tissues. PFKFB3 in adenoid cystic carcinoma ACC2 cells was silenced by adenovirus vector. The effects of PFKFB3 silence on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumorigenesis in vivo and distant metastasis of adenoid cystic carcinoma cells were evaluated by cell proliferation assay, wound healing assay, Transwell assay, xenografted mice model and lung metastasis mice model. Results  The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the positive expression rate of PFKFB3 in adenoid cystic carcinoma tissues was 93.1% (27/29), and the positive expression rate of PFKFB3 in normal salivary gland tissues was 20.0% (2/10), with a significant difference (χ2=20.84, P＜0.001). The results of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay showed that, compared with ACC2 group, the proliferation activity of cancer cells with silence of PFKFB3 (PFKFB3-ACC-2) was significantly suppressed for 72 h  (1.8±0.2 vs. 4.7±0.8, t=3.582, P=0.001). The results of wound healing assay showed that after scraping cells away for 24 h, the number of cells in the scratch area was 99.8±13.2 in the PFKFB3-ACC2 group, which was significantly less than that in the ACC-2 group (263.0±97.4, t=2.868, P=0.029). Transwell results indicated that the number of cells passing through matrigel was 17.6±2.1 in the PFKFB3-ACC-2 group, which was less than that in the ACC-2 group (28.6±3.8, t=4.452, P=0.004). The tumor volume in the PFKFB3-ACC-2 ［(623.5±134.1) mm3］ was smaller than that in the ACC-2 group ［(1 621.0±278.1) mm3, t=4.213, P=0.001］. More pulmonary metastases were found in the ACC-2 group than PFKFB3-ACC-2 group (18.1±3.2 vs. 4.1±2.2, t=6.322, P=0.001). Conclusion  The expression of PFKFB3 is higher in adenoid cystic carcinoma tissue than normal salivary gland tissue, and the highly expressed PFKFB3 plays a driving  role in the proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis in adenoid cystic carcinoma. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Effects of lobaplatin on proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer CaSki cells Li Fei, He Fengjie, Zhu Hongli, Li Nan, Xiao Xinchun, Li Xiaoning, Chen Mei, Zheng Wei, Yang Lili 2018, 45 (10):  583-587.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.002 Abstract ( 468 )   PDF (1432KB) ( 662 )   Save Objective  To investigate the effects of lobaplatin on proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer CaSki cells. Methods  Human cervical cancer CaSki cells were randomly divided into blank control group, 2, 6 and 12 μg/ml lobaplatin groups by random number table method. The proliferations of the cells were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT). The morphological changes of the cells were observed by inverted microscope. The invasive abilities of the cells were detected by Transwell invasion test. The protein expressions of extracellular signalregulated kinase (ERK) and phosphoextracellular signalregulated kinase (p-ERK) were detected by Western blotting. ResultsThe absorbance (A) values of blank group, 2, 6, 12 μg/ml lobaplatin groups cultured for 24 h were 0.513±0.023, 0.428±0.014, 0.380±0.012 and 0.300±0.013 respectively, those of the cells cultured for 48 h were 0.831±0.024, 0.558±0.019, 0.415±0.015 and 0.088±0.009 respectively, and those of the cells cultured for 72 h were 1.153±0.022, 0.572±0.023, 0.201±0.017 and 0.052±0.014 respectively. The differences were statistically significant (F=12.922, P＜0.001; F=10.192, P＜0.001; F=11.192, P＜0.001), and the differences between each two groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Under inverted microscope, the cells of the platinum groups were shrunken and round, the volume and quantity were reduced, the morphology was irregular, the gap was increased, and the changes were more obvious with the increase of the concentration and the culture time. The numbers of penetrating cells of the blank group, 2, 6, 12 μg/ml lobaplatin groups were 87.27±9.38, 71.02±8.92, 53.20±10.02 and 21.02±7.37 respectively. The difference was statistically significant (F=87.291, P＜0.001), and the differences between each two groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The A values of ERK protein in the blank group, 2, 6, 12 μg/ml lobaplatin groups （0.955±0.021、0.953±0.023、0.950±0.020、0.951±0.022） showed no significant difference (F=2.033, P=0.783), but the A values of p-ERK protein in the four groups were 0.941±0.015, 0.831±0.020, 0.620±0.019 and 0.493±0.017 respectively, which showed significant difference (F=11.921, P＜0.001), and the differences between each two groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion Lobaplatin can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer CaSki cells, which may be related to the inhibition of the expression of p-ERK protein. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Correlation between histological evaluation of primary lesions and prognosis of gastric cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy Guo Ping, Zhang Junpeng, He Jidong 2018, 45 (10):  588-592.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.003 Abstract ( 343 )   PDF (992KB) ( 498 )   Save Objective  To discuss the correlation between histological evaluation of primary lesions and prognosis of gastric cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. MethodsA total of 117 patients with stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ gastric cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy in our hospital from January 2006 to December 2012 were enrolled. All patients received 2 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and underwent CT, gastrointestinal radiography or endoscopic examination to evaluate the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and the histochemical staining results of the surgical specimens were also used for chemotherapy responsive validation. Kappa (κ) coefficient was used to analyzed the consistency of different evaluation methods for chemotherapy reactivity. The 5year survival rate was used for compared the effective assessments in three different approaches. ResultsThere were 38 cases (32.5%), 78 cases (66.7%) and 43 cases (36.8%) were considered to be CT, gastrointestinal radiography or endoscopic examination and histologic responders, respectively. Histological evaluation of primary lesions was less correlated with CT, gastrointestinal radiography or endoscopic evaluation (κ values were 0.10 and 0.19 respectively).  Based on CT evaluation, the median survival time of patients with chemotherapy response was longer than 60 months, and the median survival time of patients without response was 43 months, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=2.978, P=0.076). Based on gastrointestinal radiography or endoscopy evaluation, the median survival time of patients with chemotherapy response was longer than 60 months, and the median survival time of patients without response was 29 months, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=1.230, P=0.239). Based on histological evaluation, the median survival time of patients with chemotherapy response was longer than 60 months, and the median survival time of patients without response was 18.5 months, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=29.020, P<0.001).  Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that nonrespond of adjuvant chemotherapy under histologic evaluation (HR=4.021, 95%CI: 1.5488.767, P=0.002) and nonrespond of  gastrointestinal radiography or endoscopic examination (HR=8.210, 95%CI: 4.333-17.980, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer, and intestinal gastric cancer (HR=0.241, 95%CI: 0.080-0.871, P=0.019) was an independent predictor of survival improvement in patients with gastric cancer. Conclusion The degree of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response assessed by histological evaluation of primary lesions can effectively predict the longterm survival outcomes for gastric cancer patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Short-term safety assessment of raltitrexed intraperitoneal perfusion in patients with rectal cancer Liu He, Zhang Hong, Cong Jinchun, Cui Mingming, Liu Dingsheng, Chen Chunsheng 2018, 45 (10):  593-598.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.004 Abstract ( 606 )   PDF (664KB) ( 655 )   Save Objective To investigate the shortterm safety of raltitrexed intraperitoneal perfusion in patients with rectal cancer undergoing laparoscopic Dixon surgery. Methods Totally 175 patients with rectal cancer at the Department of Colorectal Oncological Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were analyzed retrospectively from June 2016 to December 2017. All the patients were divided into raltitrexed intraperitoneal perfusion group (n=89) and saline intraperitoneal perfusion group (n=86) according to whether given raltitrexed intraperitoneal perfusion or not. The hematological indexes of the two groups before operation and 3 days after operation were recorded. The postoperative exhaust time and postoperative drainage volume within 24 hours were calculated. The postoperative complications including anastomotic leakage, peritoneal irritation sign, incision infection and pulmonary infection were evaluated.  Results The surgery was performed successfully in all patients. There were no significant differences in the  sex (χ2=0.000, P=0.990), depth of tumor invasion (χ2=0.003, P=0.956), degree of lymph node metastasis (Z=－0.590, P=0.556), TNM stage (Z=0.081, P=0.936) or pathological type (Z=1.092, P=0.896) between the two groups. There were no significant differences in postoperative exhaust time ［(75.49±3.97) h vs. (74.28±3.46) h, t=0.479, P=0.523］, postoperative drainage volume within 24 hours ［(201.1±54.1) ml vs. (242.8±25.7) ml, t=0.338, P=0.656］, anastomotic leakage (1.1% vs. 2.3%, χ2=0.351, P=0.554), peritoneal irritation sign (1.1% vs. 2.3%, χ2=0.351, P=0.554), incision infection (2.2% vs. 3.5%, χ2=0.243, P=0.622) and pulmonary infection (2.2% vs. 2.3%, χ2=0.001, P=0.972) between the two groups. Additionally, there were no significant differences  in the counts of erythrocytes ［(3.56±0.27)×1012/L vs. (3.63±0.26)×1012/L, t=0.716, P=0.152］, leukocytes ［(7.63±0.20)×109/L vs. (8.24±0.26)×109/L, t=0.176, P=0.872］, blood platelets ［(170.13±20.12)×109/L vs. (180.18±21.03)×109/L, t=0.103, P=0.975］, glutamicpyruvic transaminase ［(13.25±2.31) U/L vs. (13.28±1.46) U/L, t=0.321, P=0.713］, glutamicoxalacetic transaminase ［(16.51±1.28) U/L vs. (16.23±2.03) U/L, t=0.131, P=0.894］ and creatinine ［(77.36±6.49) μmol/L vs. (78.39±6.64) μmol/L, t=0.499, P=0.519］ 3 days after operation between the two groups. Conclusion Raltitrexed intraperitoneal perfusion in Dixon surgery exhibits high safety, and no significant effect on postoperative recovery. It is easy to operate and has good feasibility, which is worthy to be used in clinic. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical analysis of non-specific immunotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation Yin Qiushi, Li Wang 2018, 45 (10):  599-603.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.005 Abstract ( 507 )   PDF (660KB) ( 452 )   Save Objective To study the curative efficacy of nonspecific immunotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation. Methods The clinical data of 120 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in our hospital from December 2012 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different methods of treatment after the operation, they were divided into the observation group (n=60) and the control group (n=60). All the patients underwent elective operation of radiofrequency ablation, and the control group was treated with routine treatment after operation, while the observation group was treated with nonspecific immunotherapy (recombinant human interleukin2 injection+thymalfasin+disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection). After 3 weeks of treatment, the changes of cellular immune function, humoral immune function and quality of life were compared between the two groups before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacy and 1, 2 and 3year survival rates were compared. Results After treatment, in the cellular immune function, the CD3+ ［(62.31±9.65)% vs. (57.08±8.03)%］, CD8+ ［(26.85±3.22)% vs. (33.41±3.86)%］, CD4+/CD8+ (1.95±0.34 vs. 1.53±0.27) and natural killer cells ［(25.76±4.53)% vs. (21.14±4.20)%］ of the observation group were better than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=3.227, P＜0.001; t=10.109, P＜0.001; t=7.493, P＜0.001; t=5.793, P＜0.001). In the humoral immune function, the IgG ［(19.45±2.45) g/L vs. (15.93±2.07) g/L］, IgM ［(2.15±0.42) g/L vs. (1.83±0.31) g/L］, IgA ［(3.08±0.79) g/L vs. (2.73±0.56) g/L］ of the observation group were better than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=8.501, P＜0.001; t=4.748, P＜0.001; t=2.800, P＜0.001). In the quality of life scale, the social function score (59.73±4.62 vs. 53.91±3.84), physical function score (55.83±5.62 vs. 47.85±5.17), role function score (51.64±5.83 vs. 46.82±5.46), cognitive function score (64.82±5.19 vs. 58.04±4.92) and emotional function score (68.94±5.62 vs. 60.38±5.10) of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=7.504, P＜0.001; t=8.095, P＜0.001; t=4.674, P＜0.001; t=7.344, P＜0.001; t=8.737, P＜0.001). The clinical efficacy of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (81.67% vs. 65.00%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.261, P=0.039). The 1year survival rate (91.67% vs. 78.33%), 2year survival rate (85.00% vs. 68.33%) and 3year survival rate (75.00% vs. 53.33%) of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.781, P=0.029). Conclusion Non-specific immunotherapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation can effectively improve immune function, and it is helpful to improve clinical efficacy and quality of life. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Values of SCCAg, TAP and CEA in evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer Wang Pingping, Feng Liulian 2018, 45 (10):  604-609.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.006 Abstract ( 806 )   PDF (819KB) ( 672 )   Save Objective To investigate the values of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg), tumor abnormal protein (TAP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer. MethodsA total of 100 patients with cervical cancer treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy were selected from September 2015 to September 2017 in our hospital, and 100 healthy persons were selected as the control group at the same time. The serum levels of SCCAg, TAP and CEA were detected and the relationships between the levels of SCCAg, TAP, CEA and the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were analyzed. ResultsThe serum levels of SCCAg ［(4.95±0.65) μg/L vs. (0.22±0.04) μg/L］, TAP ［(175.21±25.42) μm2 vs. (75.45±9.98) μm2］, CEA ［(35.65±4.23) ng/ml vs. (1.26±0.34 )ng/ml］ in patients with cervical cancer were significantly higher than those of control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=75.382, P<0.001; t=62.215, P<0.001; t=55.452, P<0.001). Three months after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for 100 cervical cancer patients, complete remission (CR) was achieved in 6 cases (6.00%), partial remission (PR) in 50 cases (50.00%), stable disease (SD) in 26 cases (26.00%), and progression disease (PD) in 18 cases (18.00%). The SCCAg, TAP and CEA levels of patients with CR ［(2.12±0.32) μg/L vs. (4.90±0.52) μg/L, (133.12±14.22) μm2 vs. (175.12±24.32) μm2, (10.34±2.42) ng/ml vs. (38.21±7.82) ng/ml］ and PR after chemotherapy were significantly lower than those before chemotherapy ［(3.22±0.47) μg/L vs. (4.94±0.53) μg/L, (145.22±17.77) μm2 vs. (179.52±25.53) μm2, (16.75±3.02) ng/ml vs. (39.12±7.92) ng/ml］, and the differences were statistically significant (t=11.153, P<0.001; t=3.562, P=0.004; t=8.340, P<0.001; t=17.169, P<0.001; t=7.797, P<0.001; t=18.662, P<0.001). The above indicators of patients with PD after chemotherapy were significantly higher than those before chemotherapy ［(7.21±0.84) μg/L vs. (5.06±0.57) μg/L, (213.21±29.64) μm2 vs. (171.56±26.87) μm2, (46.64±5.12) ng/ml vs. (35.75±7.88) ng/ml］, and the differences were statistically significant (t=8.986, P<0.001; t=4.417, P<0.001; t=4.917, P<0.001). The differences of the above indicators before and after chemotherapy in patients with SD were not statistically significant ［(5.03±0.57) μg/L vs. (4.97±0.55) μg/L; (175.51±23.37) μm2 vs. (176.27±26.55) μm2; (35.26±7.34) ng/ml vs. (37.04±7.73) ng/ml; t=0.386, P=0.701; t=0.110, P=0.913; t=0.851, P=0.399］. The results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of SCCAg in evaluating the neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer were 85.71%, 81.82%, 84.00%, those of TAP were 82.14%, 77.27%, 80.00%, those of CEA were 78.57%, 77.27%, 78.00%, and those of the combined detection were 96.43%, 95.45%, 96.00%. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the combined detection were significantly higher than those of the three alone, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=14.434, P<0.001, χ2=15.421, P<0.001, χ2=21.741, P<0.001). ConclusionThe serum levels of SCCAg, TAP and CEA in patients with cervical cancer are decreased after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Their level changes can be used as important indicators to evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy, and the combination of the three has better evaluation efficiency, which is worth for further clinical promotion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Curative effects of second-line regimen combined with rituximab in treatment of relapsed or refractory nonHodgkin lymphoma Gao Fei, Du Mingzhu, Li Guang, Bian Siqian, Wang Hao, Liu Feng, Song Yanping 2018, 45 (10):  610-614.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.007 Abstract ( 604 )   PDF (661KB) ( 589 )   Save Objective  To investigate the clinical efficiency, safety and prognostic factors of secondline chemotherapy regimen with gemcitabine combined with rituximab in the treatment of relapsed or refractory Bcell nonHodgkin lymphoma. Methods  A total of 157 patients with relapsed or refractory B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma were selected from July 2008 to February 2015 in Xi′an Central Hospital. Among them, 87 patients were given GEMOX regimen (gemcitabine ＋ oxaliplatin) combined with rituximab, and 70 patients were given GDP program (gemcitabine ＋ cisplatin ＋ dexamethasone) combined with rituximab. The chemotherapy efficacies of the two groups were evaluated. At the same time, the patients were grouped according to whether rituximab was applied or not, and the total objective response rate (ORR) difference was compared. The relevant prognostic factors affecting overall survival (OS) were found. The adverse reactions of patients after treatment were observed. ResultsThe ORR of the GEMOX regimen combined with rituximab group was 65.5%, and the ORR of the GDP regimen combined with rituximab group was 55.7%, but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (χ2=1.58, P=0.210). The ORR was 75.2% in 105 patients who had not used rituximab, and the ORR was 32.7% in 52 patients who had previously received rituximab. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=29.50, P＜0.001). Univariate analysis showed that middlehigh risk or high risk of the lymphoma international prognostic index (IPI) score (χ2=69.21, P＜0.001), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased (χ2=16.90, P＜0.001), refractory patients (χ2=14.43, P=0.001), large mass (χ2=4.57, P=0.030), and failure to achieve CR or PR after salvage chemotherapy (χ2=50.85, P＜0.001) were risk factors for OS. Cox multivariate analysis showed that middlehigh risk or high risk of IPI (HR=2.138, 95%CI: 1.3013.512, P=0.001), refractory patients (HR=3.157, 95%CI: 1.001-10.644, P=0.014), failure to achieve CR or PR after  salvage  chemotherapy (HR=3.017, 95%CI: 2.218-7.366, P＜0.001), LDH increased (HR=2.236, 95%CI: 1.797-2.781, P=0.001), large mass (HR=1.792, 95%CI: 1.255-2.558, P＜0.001) were independent risk factors affecting OS. Adverse reactions to chemotherapy were neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea and vomiting, liver damage and cardiotoxicity, with no treatmentrelated death. Conclusion  The secondline chemotherapy regimen containing gemcitabine combined with rituximab has a better curative effect on relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and the safety is good. Middle-high risk or high risk of IPI, refractory patients, failure to achieve CR or PR after  salvage  chemotherapy, elevated LDH and large mass were independent risk factors for OS. In patients with relapsed or refractory disease after rituximab treatment, reapplication of rituximab was not effective. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Advances of stanniocalcin 2 in tumors Yu Jishang, Wu Fan 2018, 45 (10):  615-618.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.008 Abstract ( 525 )   PDF (650KB) ( 586 )   Save Stanniocalcin 2, a secreted glycoprotein hormone, has been found to be highly expressed in a variety of human malignancies. Through several signal transdution pathways, stanniocalcin 2 plays important roles in the regulation of many biological events of tumor such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, hypoxia tolerating and drug resistance, indicating stanniocalcin 2 may be a pivotal node in the molecular regulation network of tumor. Stanniocalcin 2 is expected to become a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for diagnosis and treatment of tumor if the funtional mechanisms of stanniocalcin 2 could be further elaborated. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Mechanism of ferroptosis and its relationship with tumors Cheng Lin, Zhao Mingfeng 2018, 45 (10):  619-623.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.009 Abstract ( 3576 )   PDF (655KB) ( 2809 )   Save Ferroptosis is a new type of cell death discovered in recent years. This form of irondependent cell death is morphologically and biochemically distinct from other cell death modalities, including apoptosis and necrosis. This process is accompanied by the depletion of glutathione, a decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity and the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products. Studies have found that ferroptosis can be involved in the occurrence and progression of tumor by activating different regulatory sites in the signaling pathways, which can promote tumor cell death. Therefore, to clarify ferroptosis pathway and its related mechanisms regulating tumor development may provide new ideas for clinical treatment of tumors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Complexities in necroptosis and tumor Ding Jinye, Cheng Zhongping 2018, 45 (10):  624-626.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.010 Abstract ( 482 )   PDF (643KB) ( 579 )   Save The complexities in necroptosis are pivotal signal molecules in the pathway. Its formation is regulated by a series of factors such as necrosome and ripoptosome. The studies have found that the complexities in necroptosis are closely related to multiple neoplasms, such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and glioma. Further study on the regulatory mechanism of them will provide a new idea for molecular cancer therapeutics. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Pulmonary adenocarcinoma shown as groundglass nodule: radiology, histopathology and molecular biology characteristics Ma Yi, Xu Shun 2018, 45 (10):  627-631.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.011 Abstract ( 731 )   PDF (720KB) ( 1277 )   Save With multi-slice spiral CT widely used in lung cancer screening, groundglass nodule (GGN) has also received extensive attention. In addition to benign disease, GGN may also be a special manifestation of early lung adenocarcinoma and its precancerous lesions. Therefore, investigation of the correlation between CT imaging features of GGN and pathological subtypes or molecular biology of lung adenocarcinoma is of great significance in guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

New treatment strategy after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in low rectal cancer Liu Qi, Sun Weizi, Wei Yan, Peng Jin, Zhou Fuxiang 2018, 45 (10):  632-634.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.012 Abstract ( 521 )   PDF (645KB) ( 461 )   Save Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumor in our country,  among them with highest incidence of low rectal cancer. With the further study on the biological behavior of rectal cancer and the development of diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, gastrointestinal oncologists have proposed a new treatment strategy local resection and wait-and-see. This strategy can better preserve anal function and improve the quality of life of patients without losing the good tumor control of the traditional standard treatment model. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Role and mechanism of Notch signaling pathway in melanoma growth and metastasis Xia Dechun, Kang Xiaojing 2018, 45 (10):  635-638.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.013 Abstract ( 578 )   PDF (652KB) ( 610 )   Save Malignant melanoma is one of the malignant tumors in the skin, which has high invasiveness and stronger ability of metastasis. Its pathogenesis is related to the abnormal conduction of many signal pathways, while the specific mechanism is not completely clear. The abnormal activation of Notch signaling pathway is closely related to the pathogenesis of melanoma. Notch signaling pathway can promote the growth and metastasis of melanoma through maintaining the survival of tumor cells, promoting tumor angiogenesis and enhancing the adhesion and invasiveness of tumor cells. Further understanding of the mechanism of Notch signaling pathway may provide a new target for the treatment of melanoma. References | Related Articles | Metrics