PFKFB3 promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis in adenoid cystic carcinoma ACC-2 cells

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2018.10.001

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the expression of 6-phosphofructo-2kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) in adenoid cystic carcinoma and the effects of PFKFB3 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and tumorigenesis in vivo of adenoid cystic carcinoma cells. Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were applied to detect the expression of PFKFB3 in 29 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma tissues and 10 cases of paracarcinoma normal salivary gland tissues. PFKFB3 in adenoid cystic carcinoma ACC2 cells was silenced by adenovirus vector. The effects of PFKFB3 silence on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumorigenesis in vivo and distant metastasis of adenoid cystic carcinoma cells were evaluated by cell proliferation assay, wound healing assay, Transwell assay, xenografted mice model and lung metastasis mice model. Results The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the positive expression rate of PFKFB3 in adenoid cystic carcinoma tissues was 93.1% (27/29), and the positive expression rate of PFKFB3 in normal salivary gland tissues was 20.0% (2/10), with a significant difference (χ2=20.84, P＜0.001). The results of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay showed that, compared with ACC2 group, the proliferation activity of cancer cells with silence of PFKFB3 (PFKFB3-ACC-2) was significantly suppressed for 72 h (1.8±0.2 vs. 4.7±0.8, t=3.582, P=0.001). The results of wound healing assay showed that after scraping cells away for 24 h, the number of cells in the scratch area was 99.8±13.2 in the PFKFB3-ACC2 group, which was significantly less than that in the ACC-2 group (263.0±97.4, t=2.868, P=0.029). Transwell results indicated that the number of cells passing through matrigel was 17.6±2.1 in the PFKFB3-ACC-2 group, which was less than that in the ACC-2 group (28.6±3.8, t=4.452, P=0.004). The tumor volume in the PFKFB3-ACC-2 ［(623.5±134.1) mm3］ was smaller than that in the ACC-2 group ［(1 621.0±278.1) mm3, t=4.213, P=0.001］. More pulmonary metastases were found in the ACC-2 group than PFKFB3-ACC-2 group (18.1±3.2 vs. 4.1±2.2, t=6.322, P=0.001). Conclusion The expression of PFKFB3 is higher in adenoid cystic carcinoma tissue than normal salivary gland tissue, and the highly expressed PFKFB3 plays a driving role in the proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis in adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Key words: Carcinoma, adenoid cystic, Glycolysis, PFKFB3, Tumor development

Qiao Yan, Liu Xin. PFKFB3 promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis in adenoid cystic carcinoma ACC-2 cells[J]. Journal of International Oncology, 2018, 45(10): 577-582.

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