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08 February 2018, Volume 45 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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ncreasing oxaliplatin sensitivity by down-regulation the expression of EZH2 in human gastric cancer SGC7901 cells WAN Qian, LI Xian, DENG Ye, WANG Dan, YANG Ji-Yuan 2018, 45 (2):  65-69.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.001 Abstract ( 326 )   PDF (2526KB) ( 430 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) knockdown on chemosensitivity to oxaliplatin in human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901. MethodsSmall interfering RNA (siRNA) fragments were designed and synthesized for EZH2 mRNA sequence and divided into siRNA1 group, siRNA2 group and siRNA3 group. They were transfected into gastric cancer cell line SGC7901. The negative control group and blank control group were set up at the same time. The expressions of EZH2 mRNA and protein in the SGC7901 cells were detected by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR) and Western blotting. CCK8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation inhibition rates of SGC7901 cells treated by different concentrations of oxaliplatin. ResultsAfter transfection of EZH2 siRNA, the relative expression levels of EZH2 mRNA in siRNA1 group, siRNA2 group, siRNA3 group were 0.615±0.190, 0.241±0.152 and 0.450±0.097. The relative expression levels of EZH2 mRNA of the three groups were lower than that in the negative control group (1.165±0.376), and the differences were statistically significant (P=0.028; P=0.002; P=0.007). After transfection of the best siRNA fragment into SGC7901 gastric cancer cells, the relative expression levels of EZH2 protein in interference group, blank control group and negative control group were 0.036±0.017, 0.362±0.026 and 0.398±0.036, and the difference among the three groups was statistically significant (F=157.745, P＜0.001). The difference between interference group and negative control group was statistically significant (P=0.001), as compared with the blank control group (P=0.002). When oxaliplatin concentration was 2, 4, 8 and 16μg/ml, the differences of cell proliferation inhibition rate among interference group, negative control group and blank control group were statistically significant ［(18.107±2.822)%, (5.867±2.272)%, (5.333±1.883)%,F=28.185, P=0.001; (54.953±2.550)%, (22.177±1.871)%, (20.077±6.032)%, F=74.206, P＜0.001; (60.337±1.641)%, (34.597±3.592)%, (30.227±5.273)%, F=54.897, P＜0.001; (78.340±2.081)%, (61.857±3.507)%, (63.077±8.473)%, F=8.586, P=0.017］. There was no significant difference among groups of oxaliplatin at the concentration of 32μg/ml ［(83.450±3.715)%, (72.190±3.948)%, (70.731±17.080)%, F=1.358, P=0.326］. The median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of oxaliplatin in siRNA group, negative control group and blank control group were 5.178, 12.643, 13.601μg/ml. ConclusionDownregulation of EZH2 gene expression can significantly inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cells, and effectively enhance the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to oxaliplatin, which indicates EZH2 may play important roles in the development of gastric cancer chemotherapy. These results provide an important theoretical basis for gene therapy of gastric cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical observation on the effect of elemene injection maintenance treatment on the recurrence time of malignant pleural effusion SONG Ai-Ying, GAO Fei, LI Yu, YOU Xiao-Qing, PANG Xue-Ying 2018, 45 (2):  70-72.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.002 Abstract ( 530 )   PDF (1536KB) ( 489 )   Save ObjectiveTo observe the effect of elemene injection for the maintenance treatment of malignant pleural effusion. MethodsA total of 90 patients with malignant pleural effusion from May 2014 to Apirl 2016 in First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were collected. They  were divided into observation group (n=45) and control group (n=45) according to the random number table method. The patients of the two groups were treated with pleural effusion drainage through thoracocentesis, and Mannatide (Lifein) and carboplatin were poured. The observation group sequentially received maintenance treatment of elemene injection. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared. ResultsAt the 12th month after treatment, the difference of relapse rate between the two groups was statistically significant（82.2% vs. 100.0%,  χ2＝8.780, P＝0.003）.The median progressionfree survival (95%CI) of the observation group and the control group were 10.00 (9.1510.85) months and 6.00(4.747.26) months respectively, with a significant difference (χ2＝40.475, P＜0.001). The improvement rates of life quality of the observation group were 82.22%, 57.78%, 54.55% respectively at one, six, twelve months after perfusion treatment, and the improvement rates of the control group were 84.44%, 23.26%, 0 respectively. The data differences between the two groups were statistically significant at six, twelve months (χ2＝10.840, P＝0.001; χ2＝32.390, P＜0.001). The one year survival rates of the observation group and the control group were 97.78% and 95.56%, and the difference was statistically significant (P＝1.000). ConclusionThe effect of elemene injection for the maintenance treatment of malignant pleural effusion is obvious,  which can prolong the progressionfree survival time and can significantly improve the quality of life. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical study of CT-guided radiofrequency ablation plus intratumoral chemotherapy for patients with stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer ZHU Yong-Gang, LU Bin, ZHOU Cheng-Wei, ZHAO Wei-Jun, ZHAO Xiao-Dong 2018, 45 (2):  73-76.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.003 Abstract ( 514 )   PDF (1974KB) ( 519 )   Save Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of CTguided radiofrequency ablation plus intratumoral chemotherapy in patients with stage Ⅲ nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MethodsFrom February 2014 to May 2015, 38 patients with stage Ⅲ NSCLC who did not receive systematic chemotherapy due to advanced age were selected in our hospital. The patients were divided into experimental group (n=19) and control group (n=19) by stratified random method. The patients in experimental group received CTguided radiofrequency ablation plus Lobaplatin intratumoral chemotherapy, and the patients in control group only received CTguided radiofrequency ablation. The adverse events, Karnofsky performance system (KPS) scores, 1year overall survival rates and shortterm curative effects of patients in the two groups were observed. ResultsAll 38 patients completed the course of therapy successfully. The 3month response rates and 6month response rates in experimental group and control group were 89.5% vs. 63.2% and 78.9% vs. 52.6%, with no significant differences (P=0.124； P=0.170). The KPS score improvement rates were 42.1% (8/19) and 31.6% (6/19) in experimental group and control group, the KPS score stable rates were 52.6% (10/19) and 52.6% (10/19) in the two groups, and the KPS score deterioration rates were 5.3% (1/19) and 15.8% (3/19) in the two groups, with no significant differences (P=0.737; P=1.000; P=0.290). The 1year survival rate of patients in experimental group was higher than that in control group (89.5% vs. 73.7%), with a significant difference (χ2=5.573, P=0.034). The rates of less than or equal to grade 3 pain (31.6% vs. 42.1%), low fever (21.1% vs. 26.3%), aerothorax (31.6% vs. 42.1%), gastrointestinal reaction (15.8% vs. 31.6%) and bone marrow depression (5.3% vs. 15.8%) in experimental group were lower than those in control group, but the differences were not statistically significant (P=0.501; P=0.703; P=0.501; P=0.252; P=0.290). ConclusionCTguided radiofrequency ablation plus intratumoral chemotherapy for stage Ⅲ NSCLC can improve shortterm survival rate, and it does not increase the adverse reaction. While, the longterm overall survival rate has yet to be followed up.【Key words】 References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analysis of correlation between RASSF2A gene methylation and colorectal cancer An Liang, Li Jun, Chen Yuxiang, Fang Xiang 2018, 45 (2):  77-79.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.004 Abstract ( 432 )   PDF (1589KB) ( 541 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the methylation status of RASSF2A gene promoter in colorectal cancer tissues and its correlation with the occurrence of colorectal. MethodsFrom February 2007 to March 2013, a total of 111 cases of sporadic colorectal cancer patients were selected. The methylation status of RASSF2A gene in tumor tissue and normal mucosa were detected by using combined bisulfite restriction endonuclease method (COBRA). The correlations between the methylation of RASSF2A gene and the clinicopathologic features of colorectal cancer were analyzed. ResultsMethylation of RASSF2A gene was found in 83.78% (93/111) and 7.21% (8/111) of colorectal cancer tissues and normal tissues,  with statistically significant difference (χ2=131.245, P＜0.001). The methylation of RASFF2A gene was not correlated with histology type (χ2=3.554, P=0.314), Duke staging (χ2=3.217, P=0.359) and location of tumor (χ2=1.060, P=0.303). ConclusionThe presence of RASSF2A hypermethylation in colorectal cancer may be associated with the occurrence of colorectal cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expressions and clinical significances of Eag1 and VEGF in colorectal cancer tissues JIANG Run-Mei, TIAN Zhi, LIAO Jiang-Tao, ZENG Juan-Li 2018, 45 (2):  80-86.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.005 Abstract ( 563 )   PDF (3911KB) ( 468 )   Save 目的研究Eag1和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在结直肠癌中的表达，探讨Eag1和VEGF表达与结直肠癌临床病理特征的关系，探讨二者表达之间的相关性以及二者的临床意义。方法收集2015年1月至2016年12月湖南省人民医院结直肠癌组织标本73例、结直肠腺瘤组织标本25例、正常结直肠黏膜组织10例。采用免疫组织化学和实时荧光定量PCR（RTqPCR）检测73例结直肠癌组织、25例结直肠腺瘤和10例正常结直肠黏膜中Eag1、VEGF蛋白和mRNA的表达水平，分析其与结直肠癌临床病理之间的关系。结果免疫组织化学结果表明，Eag1蛋白在结直肠癌组中的阳性率为86.30%（63/73），显著高于结直肠腺瘤组的20.00%（5/25）和正常结直肠黏膜组的10.00%（1/10），差异均具有统计学意义（χ2=38.539，P＜0.001； χ2=24.874，P＜0.001）；VEGF蛋白在结直肠癌组中的阳性率为89.04%（65/73），显著高于结直肠腺瘤组的56.00%（14/25）和正常结直肠黏膜组的30.00%（3/10），差异均具有统计学意义（χ2=10.980，P＜0.001； χ2=16.911，P＜0.001）。Eag1与VEGF在结直肠癌组织和结直肠腺瘤组织中的表达均呈显著正相关（c=0.580，P=0.010；c=0.669，P＜0.001）。RTqPCR检测结果表明Eag1和VEGF的mRNA在结直肠癌组中相对表达量分别为4.50±0.34、3.14±0.44，在结肠腺瘤组相对表达量分别为1.42±0.22、1.61±0.15，在正常结直肠黏膜组中的相对表达量为1.00±0.16、1.00±0.53，差异具有统计学意义（F=15.546，P=0.014；F=5.363，P=0.025），二者在结直肠癌组的相对表达量约为正常结直肠黏膜中表达量的4.50倍（t=31.851，P=0.003）和3.14倍（t=6.870，P=0.014）。Eag1、VEGF mRNA在结直肠癌中的表达水平与结直肠癌的分化程度（F=840.725，P＜0.001；F=102.950，P＜0.001）、浸润深度（t=4.754，P＜0.001；t=8.557，P＜0.001）、Duke分期（F=179.902，P＜0.001；F=55.911，P＜0.001）和淋巴结转移（t=20.337，P＜0.001；t=25.218，P＜0.001）显著相关，与患者年龄（t=0.196，P=0.845；t=0.534，P=0.595）、性别（t=0.409，P=0.684；t=1.078，P=0.285）无明显相关性。结论Eag1、VEGF在结直肠癌组织中高表达且二者呈正相关，与结直肠癌的分化程度、浸润深度、Duke分期及淋巴结转移密切相关，二者在结直肠癌的发生和发展进程中起重要作用，有望为结直肠癌的早期诊断、治疗和预后提供有利的研究方向。【关键词】 结直肠肿瘤； 血管内皮生长因子类； Eag1 Expressions and clinical significances of Eag1 and VEGF in colorectal cancer tissuesJiang Runmei*, Tian Zhi, Liao Jiangtao, Zeng Juanli. *Third Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hunan Provincial People′s Hospital of Nanhua University, Changsha 410000, China Corresponding author: Liao Jiangtao, Email: jt99399@163.com【Abstract】ObjectiveTo study the expressions of Eag1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in colorectal cancer, and to explore the relationships between Eag1 and VEGF expressions and clinicopathologic features of colorectal cancer. The correlation between Eag1 and VEGF and their clinical significance in colorectal cancer were explored. MethodsA total of 73 cases of colorectal cancer tissues, 25 cases of colorectal adenoma and 10 cases of normal colorectal mucosa from January 2015 to December 2016 in Hunan Provincial People′s Hospital were collected. The expressions of Eag1, VEGF protein and mRNA in 73 cases of colorectal cancer tissues, 25 cases of colorectal adenoma and 10 cases of normal colorectal mucosa were detected by immunohistochemistry and realtime fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR). The relationships between the two factors and the clinical pathological features of patients with colorectal cancer were analyzed. ResultsImmunohistochemistry showed that the positive rate of Eag1 in colorectal cancer group was 86.30% (63/73), which was significantly higher than that in colorectal adenoma group (20.00%, 5/25) and normal colorectal mucosa group (10.00%, 1/10), with significant differences (χ2=38.539, P＜0.001; χ2=24.874, P＜0.001). The positive rate of VEGF in colorectal cancer group was 89.04% (65/73), which was significantly higher than that in colorectal adenoma group (56.00%, 14/25) and normal colorectal mucosa group (30.00%, 3/10), with significant differences (χ2=10.980, P＜0.001; χ2=16.911, P＜0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between Eag1 and VEGF in colorectal cancer and colorectal adenoma tissues (c=0.580, P=0.010; c=0.669, P＜0.001). The results of RTqPCR showed that the expressions of Eag1 and VEGF mRNA in colorectal cancer group, colorectal adenoma group and normal colorectal mucosa group were 4.50±0.34, 3.14±0.44; 1.42±0.22, 1.61±0.15 and 1.00±0.16, 1.00±0.53, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (F=15.546, P=0.014; F=5.363, P=0.025). The relative expression levels of Eag1 and VEGF mRNA in colorectal cancer group was about 4.50 times (t=31.851, P=0.003) and 3.14 times (t=6.870, P=0.014) than those in normal colorectal mucosa group. The  mRNA expression levels of Eag1 and VEGF in colorectal cancer were correlated with degree of differentiation (F=840.725, P＜0.001; F=102.950, P＜0.001), depth of invasion (t=4.754, P＜0.001; t=8.557, P＜0.001), Duke staging (F=179.902, P＜0.001; F=55.911, P＜0.001) and lymph node metastasis (t=20.337, P＜0.001; t=25.218, P＜0.001). But they were not related to age (t=0.196, P=0.845; t=0.534, P=0.595) and sex (t=0.409, P=0.684; t=1.078, P=0.285). ConclusionEag1 and VEGF are highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues with positive correlation, and are closely related to the degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, Duke staging and lymph node metastasis of colorectal cancer. Both of them play important roles in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer, which is expected to provide favorable research directions to the early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of colorectal cancer.【Key words】 References | Related Articles | Metrics

Curative effect of stereotactic radiotherapy combined with TACE for patients with hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer and influence on the expressions of omentin-1 and Ang-2 DU Wei-Guang 2018, 45 (2):  87-91.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.006　 Abstract ( 478 )   PDF (2332KB) ( 399 )   Save ObjectiveTo explore the curative effect of stereotactic radiotherapy combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for patients with hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer and influence on the expressions of omentin1 and angiopoietin2 (Ang2). MethodsA total of 90 patients with hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer from December 2013 to December 2015 in our hospital were selected as the research objects. Patients were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method with 45 cases respectively. Patients in control group were treated with TACE, and patients in observation group were treated with stereotactic radiotherapy combined with TACE. After treatment, the clinical efficacy, expression levels of plasma omentin1 and Ang2, score of quality of life and adverse reaction were compared in the two groups. ResultsThe objective response rate in observation group (82.2%) was significantly higher than that in control group (60.0%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.409, P=0.020). After treatment, the omentin1 and Ang2 expression levels in observation group were lower than those in control group ［(43.7±18.1) ng/ml vs. (52.1±17.9) ng/ml, t=2.214, P=0.029; (2.0±0.2) g/L vs. (2.3±0.3) g/L, t=6.028, P＜0.001］. The score of quality of life in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group ［(87.6±11.2) vs. (68.7±10.3)］, and the difference was statistically significant (t=8.332, P＜0.001). There were no differences on the adverse reaction rates such as abnormal liver function (35.6% vs. 42.2%, χ2=0.421, P=0.517), nausea and vomiting (44.4% vs. 37.8%, χ2=0.413, P=0.520), skin injury (6.7% vs. 0, χ2=3.101, P=0.078) and fever (35.6% vs. 31.1%, χ2=0.202, P=0.655) between the two groups. ConclusionThe implementation of stereotactic radiotherapy combined with TACE in the treatment of hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer is a safety and effective method. It can significantly reduce the expression levels of plasma omentin1 and Ang2, inhibit of tumor angiogenesis, and improve the quality of life of patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expressions and clinical significance of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metallopro-teinase-1 in renal carcinoma LI Jin-Tao, LI Jin-Feng 2018, 45 (2):  92-95.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.007 Abstract ( 439 )   PDF (1718KB) ( 436 )   Save ObjectiveTo explore the expressions and clinical significance of matrix metalloproteinase9 (MMP9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase1 (TIMP1) in renal carcinoma. MethodsA total of 45 patients with renal carcinoma received treatment at our hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were enrolled as observation group, and 40 healthy subjects in the same period were enrolled as control group. The expressions of MMP9 and TIMP1 in observation group and control group were tested and compared by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between MMP9 and TIMP1 and their correlations with the clinical pathological features were analyzed. ResultsThe serum levels of MMP9  in observation group were higher than those in control group, and the differences were significantly significant［(461.7±53.6) pg/ml vs. (142.9±31.7) pg/ml; t=32.840, P<0.001］, TIMP1 ［(387.9±11.8) pg/ml vs.(136.5±21.8) pg/ml; t=13.290, P<0.001］ and MMP9/TIMP1 ［(1.2±0.2) vs. (1.1±0.1); t=3.640, P<0.001］ . Correlation analysis showed that the serum expression level of MMP9 had significantly positive correlation with TIMP1 for patients in observation group (r=0.847, P<0.001). The serum expression levels of MMP9 and TIMP1 for patients in observation group were related to the lymph node state (t=2.657, P=0.011; t=4.420, P<0.001) and primary tumor staging (t=6.200, P<0.001; t=5.042, P<0.001), but they were not related to pathological type (t=1.130, P=0.265; t=0.109, P=0.914). ConclusionThe peripheral blood levels of MMP9 and TIMP1 are increased in patients with renal carcinoma, and they are associated with the progression of disease, which can be used to evaluate the progress of disease. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and clinical significance of serum miR-139-5p in patients with ovarian cancer ZHANG Wan-Hua, SONG Fu-Ting 2018, 45 (2):  96-99.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.008 Abstract ( 473 )   PDF (1869KB) ( 405 )   Save ObjectiveTo explore the expressions and clinical values of serum microRNA1395p (miR1395p) in diagnosis and prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer. MethodsFrom March 2009 to December 2011, a total of 34 patients with serous ovarian cancer and 34 female health examiners were collected in our hospital. The expressions of serum miR1395p before and after operation were detected in 34 patients with ovarian cancer and 34 healthy women by realtime quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR). The data was analyzed by ttest. The clinical values of serum miR1395p in diagnosis and prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer were analyzed. ResultsThe expression of serum miR1395p in patients with ovarian cancer (9.45±0.40) was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (3.56±0.10), with a significant difference (t=14.340, P＜0.001). The expression of miR1395p at 1 month after operation of patients with ovarian cancer (5.53±0.49) was lower than that before operation, with a significant difference (t=7.800, P＜0.001). The expression of serum miR1395p was correlated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.038), but was not correlated with age (P=0.728), clinical stage (P=0.118), tumor size (P=0.732) and differentiation (P=0.071). KaplanMeier survival curve revealed that the median survival time of ovarian cancer patients with low serum miR1395p expression (44.9 months) was longer than that of patients with high serum miR1395p expression (25.9 months), with a significant difference (χ2=5.721, P=0.017). ConclusionThe expression of miR1395p is increased significantly in the serum of patients with ovarian cancer, which can be used as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research progresses of lymphopenia induced T cell homeostatic proliferation in antitumor immunity LAI Nan, CHEN Ze-Hong, YANG Zi-Ke, LIU Yan-You-Hong, KANG Shi-Jun 2018, 45 (2):  100-102.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.009 Abstract ( 477 )   PDF (1453KB) ( 549 )   Save Generally speaking, the organism can maintain the stability of T cells. The lymphopeniainduced homeostatic proliferation of T cells could be driven by the recognition of autoantigen including tumor antigen in the absence of foreign antigens or inflammatory signals. This process can break tumorinduced immune tolerance and induce a powerful antitumor immunity. It is confirmed that some negative immune molecules are recruited during the homeostatic proliferation, then the antitumor immunity will be impaired. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Roles of platelets in tumor progression CHEN Luo-Jun, TIAN Jing-Yuan, LI Na, SONG Qi-Bin 2018, 45 (2):  103-106.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.010 Abstract ( 565 )   PDF (2038KB) ( 556 )   Save Platelets play  important roles in tumor progression. Increased platelets count is associated with poor overall survival and prognosis. Tumor cellinduced platelet activation and plateletinduced tumor growth form a malignant amplification loop which plays a crucial role in tumor cell proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis. Antiplatelet therapy may break the platelettumor amplification loop and play a key role in reducing tumor metastasis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Advances of liquid biopsy in the diagnosis and treatment of tumor ZOU Jiang, GUO Xiao-Lan 2018, 45 (2):  107-111.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.011 Abstract ( 448 )   PDF (2416KB) ( 592 )   Save Liquid biopsy mainly focuses on tumor diagnosis, metastasis monitoring, individualized treatment monitoring, curative effect evaluation and prognostic judgment. The main targets include circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA and exosomes. At present, the liquid biopsy target has been used in the clinical monitoring of some tumors, and has good clinical results, but there are still many challenges. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application and research progress of human papillomavirus vaccine LIU Jing, LI Sheng-Ze 2018, 45 (2):  112-114.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.012 Abstract ( 548 )   PDF (1399KB) ( 542 )   Save The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus. HPV vaccine to prevent HPV infection has become a primary preventive measure for cervical cancer and has been applied in many countries and regions around the world. The application of therapeutic HPV vaccine has become a hot point in the research of HPV. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Molecular biology progress of small cell lung cancer MENG Ling, WEI Yong-Chang, XIE Cong-Hua 2018, 45 (2):  115-118.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.013 Abstract ( 504 )   PDF (1896KB) ( 594 )   Save Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is typified by early recurrence and metastasis associated with many genetic changes. The drug ROVAT composed of the DLL3 antibody Rovalpituzumab and the cytotoxic drug Tesirine achieves the tumorkilling effect by releasing the Tesirine when bound to DLL3. Nfib promotes the SCLC metastasis by altering the structure of the chromosome. The PRAP, EZH2 and Wee1 inhibitors inhibit the DNA damage repair to improve the antitumor activity of chemotherapeutic drugs. Combination of Ipilimumab and Nivolumab can activate the human immune system to exert antitumor effect. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Pathogenesis of ethanolinduced esophageal cancer LIN Tao, MA Dong-Chun, WANG Hua, JIE Ming-Ran, ZHANG Tian-Ci 2018, 45 (2):  119-121.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.014 Abstract ( 481 )   PDF (1400KB) ( 458 )   Save Ethanol is one of the major risk factors for esophageal cancer. The main mechanisms of ethanol induced esophageal cancer include the direct carcinogenesis of acetaldehyde, the genetic polymorphism of enzymes related to alcohol metabolism, the carcinogenic effect of reactive oxygen species, the disorder of nutrient metabolism induced by ethanol, and the synergistic effect of ethanol and tobacco.　　 References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of liquid biopsies in diagnosis and treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer TANG Hui-Yun, MO Xiao-Yu, BAI Li-Ping, ZHENG Ai 2018, 45 (2):  122-125.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2018.02.015 Abstract ( 404 )   PDF (1928KB) ( 516 )   Save Liquid biopsies have made a great progress in malignant tumors research. Circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA and exosomes can be regarded as biomarkers to be applied in diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer, monitoring progress dynamically, estimating prognosis and drug resistance in chemotherapy, which can help doctors provide patients with individual treatment to realize precision medicine in epithelial ovarian cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics