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08 November 2015, Volume 42 Issue 11 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Study on enhanced resist to hypoxic/hypoglycemic condition by IL32β in cervical carcinoma C33A cells SUN Shu-Lan, ZHENG Xiao-Xia, WEN Li, SU Jin, HE Yan 2015, 42 (11):  801-804.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.001 Abstract ( 240 )   PDF (1086KB) ( 1314 )   Save ObjectiveTo explore the enhancement effects and mechanisms of IL32β on human cervical carcinoma cells C33A to hypoxic/hypoglycemic condition. MethodsAfter cultured in hypoxia/hypoglycemic circumstance and normal circumstance for 20 hours respectively, the mRNA and protein expression of IL32β in C33A cells were detected by real timepolymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) and Western blotting respectively. Trypan blue stain was used to detect C33A cells viability in hypoxia/hypoglycemic circumstance and adding 10, 100, 500 ng/ml IL32β circumstance. The xenografted tumor of nude mice was established by intraperitoneal injection, and their volumes were tested for a given time after injecting 0, 1.0 mg/kg IL32β. siRNA was used to construct IL32β knockdown cells and detect the expression of VEGF. ResultsUnder the hypoxia/hypoglycemic circumstance, the expressions of IL32β mRNA were (6.12±0.03) times of the normal circumstance (F=43.16, P＜0.05), the expressions of IL32β protein were (2.23±0.04) times of the normal circumstance (F=22.32, P＜0.05). The C33A cells viability in hypoxia/hypoglycemic circumstance was (51.92±3.41)%, whereas, viability in 10 ng/ml IL32β group was （55.23±3.92）% (F=14.25, P＜0.05), viability in 100 ng/ml IL32β group was (62.52±4.14)% (F=35.53, P＜0.01), viability in 500 ng/ml IL32β group was (69.14±2.45)% (F=56.28, P＜0.01). After 28 days, the volume of xenografted tumor of 0 mg/kg IL32β group was (578±64)mm3, and 1.0 mg/kg IL32β group up to (1 402±142)mm3 (F=27.84, P＜0.01). In addition, compared with control group, the expression of VEGF in IL32β knockdown C33A cells was significantly decreased (F=36.85, P＜0.05). ConclusionIL32β can enhance the resistance to hypoxic/hypoglycemic condition of C33A cells, which is associated with the increase of VEGF. Related Articles | Metrics

Study on the clinicopathological characteristics of bilateral breast cancer and the mutation of p53 CHEN Shi-Fang 2015, 42 (11):  805-808.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.002 Abstract ( 386 )   PDF (1149KB) ( 1109 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical pathologic characteristics and prognosis of bilateral breast cancer, and to determine whether clinical factors is related to p53 gene mutation. MethodsArchival material was reviewed from 48 cases of bilateral breast cancar. The clinical and pathological features of bilateral breast cancer were compared and summarized. Immunohistochemical stains for P53 were performed on 33 cases of bilateral breast cancer, 141 cases of unilateral breast cancer were also examined as control. ResultsThe fiveyear survival rate for bilateral breast cancer patients was 70.5%. The median age when bilatereral breast cancer first dignosed was 47.5 （range from 27 to 69）. The median time interval between the first and the subsequent breast cancer diagnosis was 9.5 months. Invasive ductal breast carcinoma was the main pathologic type of bilateral breast cancer. 88.5% of bilateral breast cancer would have the same estrogen receptor (ER) status and 81.8% would have the same human epidermal growth hormone receptor 2 (HER2) status between the first and secondary primary tumors. Mutation p53 was more common among the bilateral breast cancer patients compared with the unilateral breast cancer patients （45.5% vs. 26.2%, χ2＝4.711，P＝0.030）. There was no difference on the overall survival between bilateral breast cancer with p53(+) and p53(-)（χ2＝0.434，P＝0.510）. ConclusionThe main pathologic type of bilateral breast cancer is invasive ductal breast carcinoma, there is a good match of the ER and HER2 status between the first breast cancer and the contralateral one. Bilateral breast cancer patients have a similar overall survial with the unilateral breast cancer. p53 mutation is more common among bilateral breast cancer patients than those with unilateral breast cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical observation of erlotinib combined with whole brain radiation therapy for nonsmall cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases WANG Xiao-Lei, LIU De-Ze, WANG Min, LUAN Tian-Yan 2015, 42 (11):  809-812.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.003 Abstract ( 360 )   PDF (1156KB) ( 1775 )   Save ObjectiveTo study clinical efficacy and toxicity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib combined with whole brain radiotherapy in the nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with brain metastases and to evaluate its effectiveness and safety. MethodsIn accordance with the random digital number method, Sixtythree NSCLC patients with brain metastases were divided into erlotinib combined with whole brain radiation therapy group (33 cases) and whole brain radiotherapy alone group (30 cases), each patient received the whole brain radiotherapy, DT (3 0003 600)cGy/(1012)F. Erlotinib combined with whole brain radiotherapy group received oral erlotinib, at a dose of 150 mg per day from the beginning of the whole brain radiotherapy, at least two months until after the completion of radiation therapy. All patients were evaluated in the efficacy of radiotherapy at the end of two months. ResultsThe metastases objective response rate and disease control rate of erlotinib combined with whole brain radiation therapy group and whole brain radiotherapy alone group were respectively 54.6%, 13.3% (χ2=11.744, P=0.001) and 91.0%, 60.0% (χ2=8.276, P=0.004).  The objective response rate and disease control rate in the two groups were respectively 39.3%, 10.0% (χ2=7.166, P=0.007) and 84.8%, 40.0% (χ2=7.759, P=0.005). Stratified analysis showed that in erlotinib combined with whole brain radiotherapy group, the objective response rate and disease control rate of EGFR mutation positive and negative subgroup were respectively 76.5%, 33.3% (χ2=6.248, P=0.012) and 100%, 77.7% (χ2=4.093, P=0.043). The 1year survival and progressionfree survival rates of the two groups were 57.6%, 30.0% and 42.4%, 16.7%, the differences were statistically significant (χ2=4.840, P=0.028; χ2=4.950, P=0.026). The main adverse events of erlotinib combined with whole brain radiotherapy group were mild to moderate rash, diarrhea, and no treatmentrelated deaths occurred. ConclusionErlotinib combined with whole brain radiotherapy for the NSCLC patients with brain metastases has some effect, and the adverse reactions are mild, which can be used as a treatment option for NSCLC brain metastases. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical study of compound glutamine for adjuvant therapy after radical surgery in gastric cancer Wang-Fu-Li, WANG Lan-Hua, JIANG Wei, ZHU Ai-Feng, LI Ming, ZHANG Jian-Dong 2015, 42 (11):  813-816.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.004 Abstract ( 392 )   PDF (895KB) ( 1104 )   Save ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effect of compound glutamine in the adjuvant treatment after radical surgery of gastric cancer. MethodsA total of 63 cases with gastric cancer after radical resection were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, according to random number table. 32 patients in treatment group received simultaneous threedimensional conformal radiotherapy with capecitabine monotherapy regimen, while oral administration of compound glutamine entericcoated capsules. 31 cases in control group only received chemoradiotherapy. ResultsIn treatment group, the quality of life score for the excellent and good accounted for 40.6% and 34.4%, significantly higher than 16.1% and 12.9% in control group respectively (χ2＝4.63, P＝0.03; χ2＝4.00, P＝0.04). The incidence of nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea in treatment group respectively were 31.3% and 37.5%, significantly less than 61.3% and 64.5% in control group with statistical significance （χ2＝5.72, P＝0.02; χ2＝4.60, P＝0.03）. The incidence of gastrointestinal reactions in treatment group were mainlyⅠand Ⅱdegrees, and ⅢⅣ degree of gastrointestinal reactions were not appear. While the antidiarrheal drugs (21.9% vs. 48.4%) and analgesics drugs (15.6% vs. 38.7%) in the treatment group were significantly reduced compared with the control group （χ2＝4.87, P＝0.03; χ2＝4.26, P＝0.04）. ConclusionBy administration of compound glutamine in the course of adjuvant chemotherapy after radical surgery of gastric cancer can improve the quality of life, reduce chemotherapyinduced gastrointestinal side effects, improve treatment compliance, and successfully complete the treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

Correlation of expression of Oct4 and tumorigenesis and prognosis of colorectal cancer Zhou-Huan, HU Yu, REN Feng, MAO Yong, QI Xiao-Wei, ZHANG Xue-Guang 2015, 42 (11):  817-820.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.005 Abstract ( 313 )   PDF (980KB) ( 1009 )   Save ObjectiveTo study dynamic expression of Oct4 during development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and investigate the association between Oct4 expression and prognosis of patients with CRC. MethodsCRC tissues, matched nontumor tissues and colonic polyp tissues were collected and Oct4 expressions were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR), flow cytometry analysis (FCM) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Medical records of patients with CRC were reviewed. Clinicopathological analysis was performed to assess the association between Oct4 expression and certain clinicopathological parameters. KaplaneMeier survival curve was conducted to evaluate association between Oct4 expression and survival time of patients with CRC. ResultsThe results of qRTPCR showed that the relative expressions of Oct4 mRNA in matched nontumor, colonic polyp and CRC tissues were (0.23±0.16)×10-5, (1.19±0.76)×10-5 and (3.79±1.94)×10-5 respectively, with a significant difference (F=8.633, P=0.001). IHC analysis displayed that the positive expression ratios of Oct4 in matched nontumor tissues, colonic polyp tissues and CRC tissues were 4.43%, 12.68% and 40.51% respectively, and a significant difference was discovered among them (χ2=66.311, P<0.001). Oct4 expression in CRC was significantly correlated with pathological stage (χ2=7.248, P=0.007), lymph node metastasis (χ2=4.888, P=0.027), distant metastasis (χ2=5.732, P=0.017) and TNM stage (χ2=4.174, P=0.041). KaplanMeier survival curve analysis demonstrated that Oct4 positive cases had a shorter median survival time (37.0 months) compared with Oct4 negative cases (76.0 months), with a significant difference (χ2=14.050, P=0.001). ConclusionThe expression of Oct4 is stepwise increased during development of CRC. The abnormal expression of Oct4 may play certain roles in the development of CRC. Oct4 may be an important biomarker for the clinical diagnosis, assessment of disease and prognosis in CRC. Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and significance of CD24 in colorectal cancer CHEN Wen-Jun, DONG Chong-Hai, TIAN Zi-Bin, QU Ling, MU Gui-Fang 2015, 42 (11):  821-823.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.006 Abstract ( 687 )   PDF (828KB) ( 1098 )   Save ObjectiveTo determine the expression of CD24 in colorectal carcinoma, and to explore the relationship between CD24 and the clinicopathological features of colorectal carcinoma. MethodsThe expression of CD24 in 62 cases of colorectal carcinoma, 47 cases of adenomas, 15 cases of colorectal polyps and 30 cases of the adjacent noncancerous tissues were observed by immunohistochemical assay. The relationship between CD24 and the clinicopathological features was analyzed. ResultsThe positive rates of CD24 in colorectal carcinoma 72.6% and adenomas 63.8% were significantly higher than those in colorectal hyperplastic polyps 13.3%（χ2＝17.83, P＝0.00; χ2＝11.61, P＝0.00）and adjacent noncancerous tissues 6.7%（χ2＝35.15, P＝0.00; χ2＝24.64, P＝0.00）.  The expression of CD24 in colorectal carcinoma had a significant correlation with the tumor diameter （χ2＝5.48， P＝0.02）, tumor differentiation （χ2＝8.86， P＝0.00）, Duke staging （χ2＝11.47， P＝0.00） and lymph node metastasis （χ2＝8.92， P＝0.00）. ConclusionThe expression of CD24 is high in colorectal carcinoma, having a significant correlation with the size of tumor, degree of differentiation, Duke stage and lymph node metastasis. Related Articles | Metrics

Differential diagnosis value of enhanced multislice spiral CT scan on adrenal adenoma from metastases in patients with malignant tumor SHI Zhi-Yong, SUN Yong, WANG Juan, XI Shun-Guo, WANG Zhi-Guo, SU Tie-Tao 2015, 42 (11):  824-827.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.007 Abstract ( 994 )   PDF (1271KB) ( 1416 )   Save ObjectiveTo evaluate the differential diagnosis value of enhanced multislice spiral CT (MSCT) scan on adrenal adenoma and metastases in patients with malignant tumor. MethodsThirtynine malignant tumor patients complicated with adrenal nodules were chosen, and all patients underwent MSCT plain scan and enhanced scan. Features of adrenal adenomas and metastases of MSCT enhanced were analyzed. ResultsFortynine adrenal gland nodules were found in 39 patients, and 35 adrenal metastasis were found in 25 patients. They were shown quasicircular, oval or irregular shaped nodules. The average diameter was (2.6±0.7)cm. Part of them were uneven density, and the CT value of the solid part was (32.8±6.1)Hu. The solid part of tumor in enhancement scanning arterial phase was underwent mild to moderate strengthening, and the CT value was (49.5±6.9)Hu. The solid part of tumor was underwent further strengthen scanning in the venous phase, and the CT value was (74.9±8.0)Hu. The average CT value of solid part in after 3 min scanning tumor was (72.4±7.6)Hu. Fourteen adrenal adenomas were found in 14 patients. CT value was (19.6±4.5)Hu, and tumor diameter was (1.8±0.4)cm. Enhanced scanning the tumors showed mild to moderate homogeneous enhancement in arterial phase, the CT value was (43.8±8.1)Hu. Venous phase enhanced obviously, the average of CT value was (67.7±9.2)Hu. The strong degree in the delay period was decreased significantly, the average value of CT was (55.9±8.8)Hu. The adrenal metastasis tumor diameter (t=4.006, P＜0.001), CT value of plain scan (t=7.320, P＜0.001), CT value of arterial phase enhanced scan (t=2.486, P=0.017), venous phase enhanced scan (t=2.727, P=0.009) and CT value of the delay period (t=6.653, P＜0.001) were higher than those in adrenal adenoma. ConclusionEnhanced MSCT scan can reflect the hemodynamic changes of adrenal lesions, and provide the bases for the differential diagnosis of enhanced MSCT scan on adrenal adenoma and metastases in patients with malignant tumor. Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and clinicopathological significance of Yesassociated protein in endometrial cancer LI Xin-Jun, ZHAO Chang-Zhen 2015, 42 (11):  828-831.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.008 Abstract ( 435 )   PDF (1253KB) ( 1236 )   Save ObjectiveTo study the expression of Yesassociated protein(YAP) in endometrial cancer and its clinical pathological significance. MethodsImmunohistochemical MaxVisionTM method was used to detect the expression of YAP in 289 cases of endometrial cancer, and its relationship with clinical pathological features and prognosis were analyzed. ResultsThe expression rate of YAP in type Ⅱ endometrial cancer was higher than that in typeⅠendometrial cancer (87.0% vs. 55.1%, χ2=16.340, P＜0.001). In typeⅠendometrial cancer, the expression rate of YAP in G1 cases was lower than that in G2G3 cases (51.6% vs. 80.0%, χ2=8.549, P=0.005), not associated with menopausal status （χ2=0.045， P=0.831）, FIGO stage （χ2=0.976， P=0.323）, lymph vascular space invasion （χ2=0.000， P=1.000）, lymph node metastasis （χ2=0.976， P=0.323） and ER status （χ2=3.318， P=0.069）. In typeⅡendometrial cancer, the expression of YAP was not significantly associated with menopausal status （χ2=0.305， P=0.581）, FIGO stage （χ2=2.395， P=0.122）, lymph vascular space invasion （χ2=1.441， P=0.230）, lymph node metastasis （χ2=1.351， P=0.245） and ER status （χ2=0.000， P=1.000）. Logrank test analysis showed that YAP highexpression was associated with a significantly worse overall survival in typeⅠ endometrial cancer  （χ2=14.023,  P＜0.001）, but YAP expression was not an independent prognostic factor. ConclusionYAP shows high expression in endometrial cancer. It is associated with histological grade and prognosis of typeⅠ endometrial cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical research status of circulating microRNAs as neoplasms biomarkers TANG Qiu, HU Qiao-Ying 2015, 42 (11):  832-834.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.009 Abstract ( 318 )   PDF (829KB) ( 1276 )   Save Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) is a class of noncoding small RNA molecules. As tumor biomarkers, circulating miRNAs deregulation is associated with the initiation and progression of human cancer. Studies indicate that circulating miRNAs have great potential in the early diagnosis and prognosis of primary or metastatic tumors (colorectal, breast, prostate, hepatocellular and ovarian cancer and other epithelial cancer). Related Articles | Metrics

The expression and role of monocarboxylate transporter 1 in tumor Tai-Shan-Shan, WANG Juan, CHENG Bin 2015, 42 (11):  835-837.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.010 Abstract ( 289 )   PDF (829KB) ( 1314 )   Save The monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) family, especially MCT1, plays an important role in tumor metabolism. MCT1 mediates a variety of monocarboxylic acids across the plasma membrane, and determines to take in or export lactic acid according to the metabolic state, thus maintaining the special tumor cells metabolism model. Considering the emerging evidence for the role of MCT1 in the tumor genesis, metabolism, invasion and metastasis, MCT1 is expected to be a new target for cancer therapy. 【Key words】Neoplasms; Metabolism; Monocarboxylate transporter 1 Related Articles | Metrics

Biological mechanisms and clinical significance of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation in glioma LI Jia-Run, YANG Liu, GUO Geng 2015, 42 (11):  838-840.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.011 Abstract ( 388 )   PDF (831KB) ( 1307 )   Save Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), a key ratelimiting enzyme in tricarboxylic acid cycle, is found within the cytoplasm and peroxisomes. In recent years, IDH1 mutation is discovered in most glioma and its large scale metabolites, 2hydroxyglutarate, may be involved in tumor as potential carcinogens, and is shown to be closely related to better patients′ survival as well. IDH1 mutation is anticipated to be a novel genetic biomarker which will guide the treatments of clinical glioma. Related Articles | Metrics

Dissemination, detection and clinical use of circulating tumor cell Ni-Ting, WANG Yu-Dong 2015, 42 (11):  841-844.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.012 Abstract ( 870 )   PDF (895KB) ( 1259 )   Save Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) mediate distant metastases of many kinds of cancer. The detection and characterization of CTC through different enrichment and isolation methods play important roles in assessing of prognosis, monitoring of therapy response and decision making of personalized treatment. With the development of continued research, detection of CTC may become a routine test for therapeutic decision making of cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Research status of matrix metalloproteinase9 on metastatic breast cancer LI Li, SUN Wei-Li, LIU De-Lin, WU Yuan, WANG You-Qun 2015, 42 (11):  845-848.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.013 Abstract ( 265 )   PDF (897KB) ( 1364 )   Save Matrix metalloproteinase9 (MMP9) can promote the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer through various mechanisms. The expressions of MMP9 in the patients with breast cancer are correlated with the prognosis. The higher expression of MMP9 indicates poorer prognosis. It is suggested that the level change of MMP9 pre and post treatment can be used as a reference standard for judging the prognosis and clinical effect. Related Articles | Metrics

Axillary reverse mapping in surgical treatment of breast cancer QIAN Li-Yu, QIAN Jun 2015, 42 (11):  849-851.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.014 Abstract ( 379 )   PDF (829KB) ( 1424 )   Save Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) is anatomic theoretical foundation based on breast and upper limb lymph axillary lymph injected into different lymphatic populations， ARM can display upper limb lymphatic channels through different tracers during the periods of axillary lymph node dissection and sentinel lymph node dissection, to reduce the rate of postoperative upper extremity edema. Although ARM has a positive effect, it exists a controversy in safety and the relationship between its node and sentinel lymph node. Related Articles | Metrics

Prediction on the axillary lymph node metastasis for breast cancer patients ZENG Huan-Cheng, QIU Si-Qi, HUANG Wen-He, ZHANG Guo-Jun 2015, 42 (11):  852-855.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.015 Abstract ( 467 )   PDF (897KB) ( 1852 )   Save Axillary lymph node status is one of the most important prognostic factors for the patients with breast cancer. Physical examination combining with ultrasound, mammography, CT, MRI and PETCT can improve the predictive efficiency, but there is still high false negative rate. Ultrasoundguided fineneedle aspiration for axillary lymph node can improve preoperative diagnostic rate effectively. Using mathematical and statistical methods, building models for predicting sentinel lymph node or nonsentinel lymph node status with clinicopathological features helps to calculate the risk of lymph node involvement. Whether screening out patients with low risk of lymph node involvement avoiding axillary surgery is safe or not is still to be evaluated by relevant clinical trials. Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of concurrent chemoradiation in locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer TANG Gu-Hang, 欧Yang-Ju 2015, 42 (11):  856-859.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.016 Abstract ( 351 )   PDF (897KB) ( 1179 )   Save Concurrent chemoradiation has been the main treatment of locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (LANSCLC). However, there is a controversy whether giving the induction chemotherapy before treatment. The survival advantage of consolidation chemotherapy doesn′t reach a consensus. When the dose of initial chemotherapy is insufficient, consolidation chemotherapy is necessary. With the development of radiotherapy and the renewal of the chemotherapy drugs, concurrent chemoradiation is expected to bring better survival benefit for the patients with LANSCLC. Related Articles | Metrics

Progress on complete videoassisted thoracic surgery for lung cancer ZHANG Wen-Jun, JIE Ming-Ran, MA Dong-Chun 2015, 42 (11):  860-862.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.017 Abstract ( 344 )   PDF (831KB) ( 1463 )   Save Complete videoassisted thoracic surgery (cVATS) for lung cancer has the advantages of significantly minimal trauma, markedly light postoperative pain and rapid postoperative recovery, which has been increasingly applied in clinic. Its main operation methods consist of lobectomy, segmentectomy, pneumonectomy and sleeve lobectomy. cVATS for lung cancer can achieve the same radical tumor resection and lymph node dissection as the open thoracotomy, which contributes to a satisfactory longterm outcome. Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and role of miRNA375 in digestive system tumors CHEN Zheng, LIU Xiao-Feng, DONG Qian-Qian, MA Shu-Lin 2015, 42 (11):  863-865.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.018 Abstract ( 381 )   PDF (829KB) ( 1032 )   Save microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in biological processes via regulating gene expression in the level of posttranscription. Increasing number of studies reveal that miR375 is downregulated in digestive system tumors, and is related to tumorigenesis. Overexpression of miR375 can inhibit growth and metastasis of tumors through repressing the expression of target genes. Related Articles | Metrics

Biological research of liver cancer stem cells CHEN Fei-Yu, ZHANG An-Na, REN Jun-Guo 2015, 42 (11):  866-868.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.019 Abstract ( 349 )   PDF (832KB) ( 1406 )   Save Liver cancer stem cell plays an important role in hepatocarcinoma occurrence and metastasis.Presently,the two theories about the source of liver cancer stem cells are mature hepatocytes′ dedifferentiation and hepatic stem cells′ blocked differentiation.Side population cell sorting and different surface antigen labeling are general sorting methods of hepatocarcinoma stem cells.Targeting the liver cancer stem cells population provides an effective way to the treatments of liver neoplasms. Related Articles | Metrics

Mechanisms of perineural invasion and its effect on early cervical cancer XIA Fang, XUE Xiu-Hua, ZHANG Ping 2015, 42 (11):  869-872.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2015.11.020 Abstract ( 574 )   PDF (894KB) ( 1097 )   Save Mechanisms of perineural invasion may include the effect of microenvironment, the interaction of cancer cell and nerve, the action of stromal cell and cancer cell, signal transduction between the cancer cell and nerve by the involvement of the neurotrophin and its receptor, chemokines and its receptor. Its impacts on early cervical cancer include surgery, adjuvant therapy, prognosis and so on. Related Articles | Metrics