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08 February 2021, Volume 48 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effects of miR-20a-5p targeting KDM6B on the proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells Li Bingliang, Yang Ya, Huang Yingli, Si Wen, Li Xingwei, Zhang Yuanmin, Bian Jichao, Chen Yu 2021, 48 (2):  65-73.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20201105-00013 Abstract ( 429 )   HTML ( 29 )   PDF (37170KB) ( 157 )   Save Objective To investigate the expressions of miR-20a-5p and lysine (K) demethylase 6B (KDM6B) in osteosarcoma tissues and the effects of miR-20a-5p targeting KDM6B on the proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells and tumor growth. Methods The clinicopathological and paracancerous tissues of 20 patients with osteosarcoma admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medical University from January 2017 to March 2019 were collected. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of miR-20a-5p and KDM6B mRNA in tissues. The osteosarcoma MG63 cells were divided into control group, mimic NC group, miR-20a-5p mimic group, and NC+empty vector group, miR-20a-5p+empty vector group, miR-20a-5p+KDM6B group. The expression levels of miR-20a-5p and KDM6B mRNA of all groups were detected by qRT-PCR. Western blotting was used to detect the expression level of KDM6B. CCK-8 assay, cell scratch test and Transwell test were used to detect cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability. According to the random number table method, nude mice were divided into NC+empty vector group, miR-20a-5p+empty vector group and miR-20a-5p+KDM6B group, with 5 mice in each group. Tumor growth ability was detected by tumor xenograft nude mouse models. Results The relative expression level of miR-20a-5p mRNA in osteosarcoma tissues was 0.55±0.27, and that in paracancerous tissues was 1.22±0.28, with a statistically significant difference (t=7.701, P<0.001). The relative expression level of KDM6B mRNA in osteosarcoma tissues was 1.66±0.19, and that in paracancerous tissues was 1.00±0.15, with a statistically significant difference (t=12.219, P<0.001). After transfection of miR-20a-5p, KDM6B mRNA and protein expression levels decreased with the increase of miR-20a-5p expression level. After miR-20a-5p transfection for 48 h, the cell proliferation abilities of the blank control group, mimic NC group and miR-20a-5p mimic group were 0.83±0.04, 0.81±0.03 and 0.52±0.01 (F=89.655, P<0.001), compared with the blank control group and mimic NC group, the cell proliferation ability was significantly inhibited in the miR-20a-5p mimic group (both P<0.001). The cell proliferation abilities of NC+empty vector group, miR-20a-5p+empty vector group and miR-20a-5p+KDM6B group were 0.83±0.05, 0.52±0.01 and 0.67±0.05 (F=43.919, P<0.001), compared with the NC+empty vector group, the cell proliferation ability was significantly inhibited in the miR-20a-5p+empty vector group (P<0.001); compared with the miR-20a-5p+empty vector group, the cell proliferation ability of miR-20a-5p+KDM6B group increased significantly (P<0.001). The scratch healing rates of the blank control group, mimic NC group and miR-20a-5p mimic group were (32.51±2.73)%, (30.26±3.22)% and (13.52±1.77)% (F=46.314, P<0.001), compared with the control group and the mimic NC group, the scratch healing rate of the miR-20a-5p mimic group was significantly decreased (both P<0.001). The scratch healing rates of NC+empty vector group, miR-20a-5p+empty vector group and miR-20a-5p+KDM6B group were (31.34±3.11)%, (12.15±1.64)% and (28.93±2.89)% (F=47.511, P<0.001), compared with the NC+empty vector group, the scratch healing rate of the miR-20a-5p+empty vector group was significantly decreased (P<0.001); compared with the miR-20a-5p+empty vector group, the scratch healing rate of miR-20a-5p+KDM6B group was significantly increased (P=0.001). The numbers of transmembrane cells in the blank control group, mimic NC group and miR-20a-5p mimic group were 114±16, 108±11 and 42±6 (F=36.282, P<0.001), compared with the control group and mimic NC group, the number of transmembrane cells of the miR-20a-5p mimic group was significantly decreased (both P<0.001). The numbers of transmembrane cells in the NC+empty vector group, miR-20a-5p+empty vector group and miR-20a-5p+KDM6B group was 143±11, 39±4 and 139±12 (F=112.120, P<0.001), compared with the NC+empty vector group, the number of transmembrane cells of the miR-20a-5p+empty vector group was significantly decreased (P<0.001); compared with the miR-20a-5p+empty vector group, the number of transmembrane cells of the miR-20a-5p+KDM6B group was increased significantly (P<0.001). The tumor volumes of mice for 21 d in the NC+empty vector group, miR-20a-5p+empty vector group and miR-20a-5p+KDM6B group were (1 667.50±250.40) mm3, (129.20±21.00) mm3 and (775.41±77.51) mm3 respectively, with a statistically significant difference (F=77.651, P<0.001). The tumor weights of the 3 groups were (1.35±0.18) g, (0.12±0.01) g and (0.61±0.03) g respectively, with a statistically significant difference (F=104.191, P<0.001). Conclusion The expression of miR-20a-5p is significantly decreased in osteosarcoma tissues, and the expression of KDM6B is significantly increased in osteosarcoma tissues. Overexpression of miR-20a-5p may inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells and tumor growth by targeting to reduce the expression of KDM6B. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Effects of Epstein-Barr virus DNA load and different treatment methods on the therapeutic effect and prognosis of stage Ⅲ nasopharyngeal carcinoma Zhu Lei, Huang Jianbo 2021, 48 (2):  74-79.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200615-00014 Abstract ( 516 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (3898KB) ( 178 )   Save Objective To study the effects of different Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load, induction chemotherapy+radiotherapy and concurrent radiochemotherapy on patients with stage Ⅲ nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods A total of 178 patients with stage Ⅲ NPC were selected as the study subjects in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the First People's Hospital of Xianning of Hubei Province from January 2012 to March 2019, including 44 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. According to the pre-treatment EBV DNA load of 1 000 copies/ml, the patients were divided into high viral load group (EBV DNA≥1 000 copies/ml, n=53) and low viral load group (EBV DNA<1 000 copies/ml, n=125), and 14 patients in the high viral load group and 30 patients in the low viral load group received adjuvant chemotherapy. According to treatment method, the patients were divided into induction chemotherapy+radiotherapy group (n=105) and concurrent radiochemotherapy group (n=73). The general clinical data, recurrence rate, 5-year overall survival (OS) rate, disease free survival (DFS) rate, local recurrence free survival (LRFS) rate and disease metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rate of each group were compared. Results Among 178 patients with stage Ⅲ NPC, 34 cases recurred, accounting for 19.10%, and 29 cases died, accounting for 16.29%. There was a statistically significant difference in N staging between the induction chemotherapy+radiotherapy group and the concurrent radiochemotherapy group (χ2=6.40, P=0.01). The tumor recurrence rate in the high viral load group was 33.96% (18/53), and that in the low viral load group was 12.80% (16/125), and there was a statistically significant difference (χ2=10.79, P<0.01). The recurrence rate of lymph nodes [(9.43% (5/53) vs. 1.60% (2/125), χ2=4.15, P=0.04], the distant metastasis rate [18.87% (10/53) vs. 5.60% (7/125), χ2=7.59, P=0.01] were significantly higher than those in the low viral load group, and there were statistically significant differences. The tumor recurrence rate of patients in the induction chemotherapy+radiotherapy group was 17.14% (18/105), and that in the concurrent radiochemotherapy group was 21.91% (16/73), and there was no statistically significant difference (χ2=0.63, P=0.43). The 5-year OS rate, DFS rate, LRFS rate and DMFS rate of 178 patients with stage Ⅲ NPC were 84.68%, 72.80%, 79.68% and 79.54%, respectively. The 5-year OS rate (79.25% vs. 92.80%, χ2=6.86, P<0.01), DFS rate (73.58% vs. 88.00%, χ2=5.67, P=0.01), LRFS rate (73.21% vs. 89.24%, χ2=8.32, P<0.01) and DMFS rate (65.24% vs. 78.00%, χ2=4.15, P=0.02) in the high viral load group were significantly lower than those in the low viral load group, and there were statistically significant differences. The 5-year OS rate (89.52% vs. 87.67%, χ2=0.15, P=0.70), DFS rate (84.76% vs. 82.19%, χ2=0.21, P=0.65), LRFS rate (80.38% vs. 79.84%, χ2=0.00, P=1.00) and DMFS rate (79.52% vs. 81.78%, χ2=0.05, P=0.83) in the induction chemotherapy+radiotherapy group were not statistically significant compared with those in the concurrent radiochemotherapy group, and there were no statistically significant differences. The 5-year OS rate of 44 patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly higher than that of patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy (93.77% vs. 87.49%), and there was a statistically significant difference (χ2=5.21, P=0.02). In the high viral load group, the 5-year OS rate of patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly higher than that of patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy (93.77% vs. 84.13%), and there was a statistically significant difference (χ2=5.11, P=0.03). Conclusion Induction chemotherapy+radiotherapy can achieve the same therapeutic effect as concurrent radiochemotherapy. High viral load is associated with high recurrence rate and poor survival rate. For these patients with high viral load, treatment intensity needs to be strengthened. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Survival and safety evaluation of surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy for advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma Cheng Cui, Sun Li, Cai Feng, Jiang Hao, Sun Qian 2021, 48 (2):  80-85.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200923-00015 Abstract ( 746 )   HTML ( 14 )   PDF (3928KB) ( 264 )   Save Objective To compare the survival rate and adverse reactions of patients with advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma undergoing surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy, and to analyze the prognostic factors of patients. Methods The clinicopathologic data of 78 patients with advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma admitted to the Department of Radiation Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from August 2013 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group (n=27) and chemoradiotherapy group (n=51) according to different treatment methods. The median follow-up time was 46 months (20-84 months). The main observation indicators were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and local control rate (LCR). Cox regression model was used to analyze the prognostic factors. Results Until July 31, 2020, 51 of the 78 patients with advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma died, including 6 cases of local recurrence, 11 cases of distant metastasis, and 34 cases of other causes (15 cases of hemorrhage, 15 cases of cachexia, and 4 cases of other diseases). In the surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group, 12 patients died, accounting for 44.44%. In the chemoradiotherapy group, 39 patients died, accounting for 76.47%. The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates of 78 patients were 57.7%, 36.3% and 27.2% respectively, the 1-, 2- and 3-year PFS rates were 49.5%, 38.7% and 32.6% respectively, and the 1-, 2- and 3-year LCR were 53.4%, 40.0% and 34.2% respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates in the surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group were 74.1%, 50.1% and 44.6%, and those in the chemoradiotherapy group were 49.0%, 29.3% and 12.8%, with a statistically significant difference (χ2=5.142, P=0.023). The 1-, 2- and 3-year PFS rates in the surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group were 62.1%, 54.3% and 44.4%, and those in the chemoradiotherapy group were 43.1%, 30.6% and 26.7%, with no statistically significant difference (χ2=3.222, P=0.073). The 1-, 2- and 3-year LCR of the surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group were 69.8%, 54.3% and 44.4%, and those in the chemoradiotherapy group were 45.1%, 32.9% and 29.6%, with no statistically significant difference (χ2=3.576, P=0.059). The results of univariate analysis showed that tumor T stage (χ2=7.140, P=0.008), N stage (χ2=4.493, P=0.034) and treatment method (χ2=5.142, P=0.023) were all independent influencing factors of the OS of patient with advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma; T stage (χ2=5.807, P=0.016) and N stage (χ2=6.587, P=0.010) were both independent influencing factors of PFS. The results of multivariate analysis showed that tumor T stage (HR=2.121, 95%CI: 1.142-3.938, P=0.017), N stage (HR=2.088, 95%CI: 1.144-3.811, P=0.016) and treatment method (HR=0.430, 95%CI: 0.226-0.815, P=0.010) were all independent prognostic factors of the OS of patients with advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma; T stage (HR=1.884, 95%CI: 1.011-3.510, P=0.046) and N stage (HR=1.904, 95%CI: 1.058-3.429, P=0.032) were both independent prognostic factors of PFS. During the treatment period, there were statistically significant differences in the incidences of radioactive pharyngitis [7.41% (2/27) vs. 39.22% (20/51), χ2=8.821, P=0.003] and radioactive dermatitis [3.70% (1/27) vs. 29.41% (15/51), χ2=7.156, P=0.007] between the surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group and the chemoradiotherapy group. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the incidences of radioactive oral mucositis [11.11% (3/27) vs. 17.65% (9/51), χ2=0.186, P=0.666], bone marrow suppression [37.04% (10/27) vs. 50.98% (26/51), χ2=1.381, P=0.240], pharynx infection [11.11% (3/27) vs. 5.88% (3/51), χ2=0.143, P=0.706] and tracheal fistula [7.41% (2/27) vs. 0 (0/51), P=0.117] between the two groups. Conclusion The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates in the surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group are higher than those in the chemoradiotherapy group, and the incidences of adverse reactions are low. T stage, N stage and treatment method are independent prognostic factors for OS of advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients, while T stage and N stage are independent prognostic factors for PFS. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Impact of the number of postoperative pathological lymph node metastasis areas on prognosis of thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Guo Xinwei, Zhang Han, Ji Shengjun, Zhou Shaobing, Zhou Juying, Liu Yangchen, Gao Fei 2021, 48 (2):  86-91.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200923-00016 Abstract ( 530 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (4194KB) ( 165 )   Save Objective To explore the impact of the number of pathological lymph node metastasis areas on the prognosis of patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after radical surgery. Methods The clinicopathologic data of 153 patients with ESCC treated by radical surgery at the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the Affiliated Taixing People's Hospital of Yangzhou University from January 2012 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Among these patients, 76 had no adjuvant therapy, and 77 received adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy after surgery. According to the lymph node classification criteria of American Thoracic Association and the number of pathological lymph node metastasis areas, the patients were divided into non-regional lymph node metastasis group (n=68), oligo-regional lymph node metastasis group (1-2 regional lymph node metastasis, n=54) and multi-regional lymph node metastasis group (≥3 regional lymph node metastasis, n=31). Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rate and survival comparison was performed by log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze prognostic factors, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of the number of lymph node metastasis areas. Results The median overall survival (OS) was 37.0 months for the 153 patients, and the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates were 97.4%, 51.0% and 30.7% respectively. In the non-regional lymph node metastasis group, the median OS was 46.0 months, and the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates were 97.1%, 58.8% and 39.7% separately. In the oligo-regional lymph node metastasis group, the median OS was 39.0 months, and the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates were 94.4%, 55.6% and 35.2% respectively. In the multi-regional lymph node metastasis group, the median OS was 26.0 months, and the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates were 98.1%, 25.8% and 3.2% separately. There was a statistically significant difference among the three groups (χ2=18.257, P<0.001). Among the 76 patients without adjuvant treatment, the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates were 94.7%, 50.0% and 34.2% in patients with non-regional lymph node metastasis, 90.9%, 36.4% and 9.1% in patients with oligo-regional lymph node metastasis, 97.4%, 18.8% and 0 in patients with multi-regional lymph node metastasis, and there was a statistically significant difference (χ2=8.201, P=0.017). Among the 77 patients with adjuvant therapy, the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates were 97.7%, 66.7% and 46.7% in patients with non-regional lymph node metastasis, 96.9%, 68.8% and 53.1% in patients with oligo-regional lymph node metastasis, 93.3%, 26.7% and 6.7% in patients with multi-regional lymph node metastasis, and there was a statistically significant difference (χ2=18.083, P<0.001). Univariate analysis showed that age (HR=1.534, 95%CI: 1.041-2.260, P=0.030), T stage (HR=1.757, 95%CI: 1.197-2.579, P=0.004), N stage (HR=1.548, 95%CI: 1.043-2.297, P=0.030), TNM stage (HR=1.392, 95%CI: 1.114-2.459, P=0.015), adjuvant therapy (HR=0.545, 95%CI: 0.370-0.803, P=0.002) and number of lymph node metastasis areas (multi-regional lymph node metastasis versus non-regional lymph node metastasis: HR=0.385, 95%CI: 0.238-0.624, P<0.001; multi-regional lymph node metastasis versus oligo-regional lymph node metastasis: HR=0.442, 95%CI: 0.269-0.726, P=0.001) were closely related to OS in patients with ESCC after operation. Multivariate analysis showed that T stage (HR=1.699, 95%CI: 1.143-2.525, P=0.009), adjuvant therapy (HR=0.577, 95%CI: 0.386-0.864, P=0.008) and number of lymph node metastasis areas (multi-regional lymph node metastasis versus non-regional lymph node metastasis: HR=0.553, 95%CI: 0.411-0.996, P=0.011; multi-regional lymph node metastasis versus oligo-regional lymph node metastasis: HR=0.550, 95%CI: 0.328-0.924, P=0.024) were independent prognostic factors for OS. The number of lymph node metastasis areas (AUC=0.648, 95%CI: 0.560-0.735, P=0.004) was better than the number of lymph node metastasis (AUC=0.595, 95%CI: 0.497-0.694, P=0.061) in predicting OS of patients with ESCC after radical surgery. Conclusion The number of postoperative pathological lymph node metastasis areas in thoracic ESCC has important value in predicting survival prognosis, and adjuvant therapy can significantly improve the OS of patients with oligo-regional lymph node metastasis. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Reviews

IGF2BP1 and cancer He Zhefeng, Pei Tiemin, Meng Qinghui 2021, 48 (2):  92-95.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200923-00017 Abstract ( 1318 )   HTML ( 33 )   PDF (2760KB) ( 333 )   Save The insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) is a key regulator of mRNA metabolism and transport during development. Recent studies indicate that IGF2BP1 is aberrantly expressed in liver cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, ovarion cancer, breast cancer, etc.. IGF2BP1 expression is found to promote tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and correlate with poor prognosis. Further understanding of the mechanism of IGF2BP1 in malignancy may provide new targeted therapy strategies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

N6-methyladenine methylation regulators and cancer Zeng Juan, Yang Xianghong 2021, 48 (2):  96-100.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200615-00018 Abstract ( 333 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (3839KB) ( 165 )   Save N6-methyladenine (m6A) is the most abundant internal RNA modification found in a variety of eukaryotic messenger RNAs and long non-coding RNAs, which is dynamically regulated by m6A methyltransferases and demethylases, and mainly works after recognized by m6A binding proteins. m6A is involved in almost every step of the RNA life cycle, including RNA transcription, splicing, localization, nuclear transport, translation, and degradation. Disorder of m6A modification can lead to RNA dysfunction and abnormal gene expression. m6A modification regulators express abnormally in various cancers, and play an important role in cancer formation, proliferation, differentiation, invasion and metastasis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

TREM-2 and tumors Li Liting, Gao Xiaoling 2021, 48 (2):  101-104.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200611-00019 Abstract ( 619 )   HTML ( 20 )   PDF (2936KB) ( 256 )   Save Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM-2) is a newly discovered immunoglobulin receptor, which plays an important role in inflammation and immunoreaction. Several recent studies have shown that TREM-2 is aberrantly expressed in various types of cancers such as lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, renal carcinoma and glioma, and it is widely participated in regulating malignant tumor initiation, progression, invasion and metastasis through different signal pathways. TREM-2 is expected to provide evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Common immune-related adverse reactions of immune checkpoint inhibitors and their management Li Hui, Yang Yu 2021, 48 (2):  105-108.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200828-00020 Abstract ( 1739 )   HTML ( 59 )   PDF (3093KB) ( 409 )   Save At present, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in clinical, and the common adverse reactions include adverse reactions of skin, gastrointestinal tract, endocrine and liver. Adverse reactions to the lungs and heart are relatively rare, but can be fatal. Systemic steroid therapy is the main treatment for immune related adverse events (irAEs). If there is no response to steroid therapy, an immunomodulator may be considered. Understanding the incidence, pathogenesis, common types and treatment strategies of irAEs can provide theoretical basis for the safe application of ICIs in clinical practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Blood biomarkers for breast cancer screening and early diagnosis Li Lixi, Ma Fei 2021, 48 (2):  109-112.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200629-00021 Abstract ( 553 )   HTML ( 23 )   PDF (3131KB) ( 340 )   Save Breast cancer screening is an economical, effective, and simple screening measure for asymptomatic people to achieve the goals of early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. Existing screening methods are mainly based on breast cancer X-rays and ultrasound, which are less sensitive to early lesions and cannot assess the risk of breast cancer in asymptomatic people. Breast cancer susceptibility genes, DNA methylation, microRNAs and circulating tumor cells, as blood biomarkers for breast cancer screening and early diagnosis, can identify high-risk breast cancer populations and improve the early diagnosis rate of breast cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Advances of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Ding Yan, Wang Hongyan 2021, 48 (2):  113-116.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200610-00022 Abstract ( 611 )   HTML ( 25 )   PDF (3002KB) ( 306 )   Save Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for more than 90% of the confirmed cases of esophageal cancer in Asia, and the degree of malignancy is high. There is a growing number of research on ESCC immunotherapy, particularly programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Among them, the most studied PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in ESCC are nivolumab, pembrolizumab, camrelizumab, toripalimab, tislelizumab, atozolizumab, SHR-1316 and durvalumab. Some of the clinical trials of these drugs are still in progress, and some have initially shown good results. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Mechanism of long non-coding RNA in prostate cancer Zhang Xiaofei, Hu Jianpeng, Cui Feilun 2021, 48 (2):  117-120.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200610-00023 Abstract ( 402 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF (2865KB) ( 180 )   Save Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of RNA molecule whose transcript is longer than 200 nucleotides and cannot encode protein. Studies in recent years have shown that lncRNA plays an important role in the physiological and pathological processes of the body. It participates in the occurrence, development and metastasis of prostate cancer. Further study on the role and mechanism of lncRNA in prostate cancer is expected to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Effect of excessive activation of PI3K signaling pathway on the prognosis of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and the efficacy of targeted drugs Qiao Wei, Song Teng, Chen Xinrui, Wang Huaqing 2021, 48 (2):  121-124.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200615-00024 Abstract ( 445 )   HTML ( 17 )   PDF (2965KB) ( 193 )   Save The over-activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mechanistic target of rapamcyin (mTOR) pathway is closely related to the occurrence, development and clinical prognosis of malignant tumors. Taking this signal pathway as a target can effectively inhibit tumor progression. At present, the Food and Drug Administration of the United States has approved three drugs (CAL-101, BAY80-6946, IPI-145) for the treatment of recurrent and refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which demonstrates significant efficacy and a manageable safety profile. References | Related Articles | Metrics