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08 January 2021, Volume 48 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effects of targeted silencing of PRL-3 gene on proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lung cancer cells Wang Ningju, Chen Dongmei, Zhang Heng, Hu Ping, Wang Yan 2021, 48 (1):  18-23.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200310-00003 Abstract ( 451 )   HTML ( 35 )   PDF (26945KB) ( 239 )   Save Objective To observe the effects of lentivirus-mediated shRNA silencing of PRL-3 gene on the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer A549 cells and regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling pathway. Methods Lung cancer A549 cells were transfected with lentiviral interference vector carrying PRL-3 shRNA to build a stable PRL-3-silencing cell line. The cells were divided into blank control group, NC shRNA group (negative control group) and PRL-3 shRNA group (PRL-3 inhibiting RNAi lentivirus group). CCK-8 method, colony formation assay, Transwell and invasion chamber assay were performed to detect the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of A549 cells respectively. The expressions of E-cadherin and Snail mRNA were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results The stable PRL-3-silencing cell line was successfully constructed. The knockdown efficiency of PRL-3 gene in the PRL-3 shRNA group reached 83.5%. CCK-8 method detected the proliferation ability of A549 cells, and the results showed the 24 h absorbance (A) values of A549 cells in the blank control group, NC shRNA group and PRL-3 shRNA group were 0.296±0.008, 0.342±0.007 and 0.292±0.004, with a statistically significant diffe-rence (F=106.300, P<0.001), and the PRL-3 shRNA group was significantly lower than the NC shRNA group (P<0.001); at 48, 72, 96 h after transfection, the cell proliferation abilities of the PRL-3 shRNA group were also significantly inhibited. Colony formation assay showed that the numbers of colony formation in the blank control group, NC shRNA group and PRL-3 shRNA group were 166.7± 6.7, 158.0±6.1 and 119.7±1.5 (F=67.290, P<0.001). The ability of colony formation of the PRL-3 shRNA group was significantly lower than that of the NC shRNA group (P<0.001). The numbers of migrated cells in the blank control group, NC shRNA group and PRL-3 shRNA group were 100.0±1.9, 98.8±1.9 and 44.6±7.6 (F=430.300, P<0.001). The migration ability of the PRL-3 shRNA group was significantly lower than that of the NC shRNA group (P<0.001). The numbers of invaded cells in the three groups were 117.7±4.1, 113.1±6.6 and 55.6±8.4 (F=247.200, P<0.001). The invasion ability of the PRL-3shRNA group was significantly lower than that of the NC shRNA group (P<0.001). Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR detection results showed that after silencing the expression of PRL-3, the relative expression level of E-cadherin mRNA in A549 cells was significantly up-regulated, and the level of Snail mRNA was significantly down-regulated. Conclusion PRL-3 silencing can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 cells effectively. PRL-3 may affect the invasion of lung cancer cells through the EMT pathway. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Correlation between serum cystatin C and uric acid levels and prognosis of small cell lung cancer Wang Haocheng, Dong Ya, Shan Dongfeng, Yu Zhuang 2021, 48 (1):  24-29.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200728-00004 Abstract ( 703 )   HTML ( 22 )   PDF (3847KB) ( 208 )   Save Objective To explore the effects of serum cystatin C (Cys C) and uric acid (UA) concentrations before treatment on the prognosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Methods A total of 196 patients diagnosed with SCLC in Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from April 2015 to December 2018 were selected, and hematological indicators such as serum Cys C and UA before treatment were collected. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off values of Cys C and UA. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Cox proportional hazards model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Results The optimal cut-off values of serum Cys C and UA before treatment were 0.775 mg/L and 296.45 μmol/L, respectively. Survival analysis showed that with the optimal cut-off value, the median progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with high concentrations of serum Cys C and UA (5.49 months vs. 8.57 months, χ2=35.943, P<0.001; 6.67 months vs. 8.20 months, χ2=8.047, P=0.005) and overall survival (OS) (13.37 months vs. 23.95 months, χ2=21.355, P<0.001; 14.13 months vs. 20.97 months, χ2=11.333, P=0.001) were shorter than those of patients with low concentrations. Univariate analysis showed that factors related to PFS were smoking history (HR=0.707, 95%CI: 0.518-0.965, P=0.029), staging (HR=1.776, 95%CI: 1.329-2.373, P<0.001), first-line medication (HR=1.596, 95%CI: 1.072-2.376, P=0.021), chest radiotherapy (HR=2.407, 95%CI: 1.803-3.214, P<0.001), Cys C (HR=3.602, 95%CI: 1.716-7.561, P=0.001), UA (HR=1.002, 95%CI: 1.000-1.003, P=0.036), and alkaline phosphatase (HR=1.010, 95%CI: 1.004-1.016, P=0.001); factors related to OS included smoking history (HR=0.577, 95%CI: 0.382-0.870, P=0.009), staging (HR=1.846, 95%CI: 1.295-2.630, P=0.001), chest radiotherapy (HR=2.041, 95%CI: 1.426-2.921, P<0.001), Cys C (HR=9.506, 95%CI: 3.278-27.564, P<0.001) and UA (HR=1.003, 95%CI: 1.001-1.005, P=0.006). Multivariate analysis showed that chest radiotherapy (HR=2.553, 95%CI: 1.774-3.672, P<0.001), Cys C (HR=4.538, 95%CI: 1.875-10.982, P=0.001) and alkaline phosphatase (HR=1.011, 95%CI: 1.005-1.018, P=0.001) were independent prognostic factors for PFS; Cys C (HR=9.028, 95%CI: 2.680-30.413, P<0.001) was an independent prognostic factor for OS. Conclusion Both serum Cys C and UA concentrations before treatment in SCLC patients have a certain relationship with the prognosis of the patients. Those with elevated concentrations have shorter PFS and OS and poor prognosis. The high concentration of serum Cys C before treatment may indicate a rapid progression of the disease and a short survival time. It is necessary to pay attention to disease progression and recurrence. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical efficacy of apatinib combined with S-1 in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer Zhang Xuewei, Su Peiying, Peng Lei, Lu Xin, Yuan Lei, Gao Yujuan 2021, 48 (1):  30-34.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200216-00005 Abstract ( 1447 )   HTML ( 44 )   PDF (3514KB) ( 239 )   Save Objective To explore the efficacy of apatinib combined with S-1 capsule in the treatment of patients with advanced recurrent and metastatic esophageal cancer. Methods A total of 140 patients with advanced esophageal cancer were selected as test subjects from January 2017 to January 2019 in Shandong Tai'an Cancer Prophylaction-Therapeutic Hospital. These patients were randomly divided into observation group (72 cases) and control group (68 cases) using random number table method. The patients in the observation group were treated with oral apatinib combined with S-1 chemotherapy, and the patients in the control group was only given S-1 chemotherapy. The short-term and long-term efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were observed. Results The objective remission rates of the observation group was 38.9% (28/72), higher than that in the control group (22.1%, 15/68), with a statistically significant difference (χ2=4.655, P=0.031). The disease control rate of the observation group was 88.9% (64/72), higher than that in the control group (61.8%, 42/68), and there was a significant difference between the two groups (χ2=13.993, P<0.001). The median progression-free survival of the observation group and the control group was 5.9 months and 2.7 months respectively, the median overall survival was 14.8 months and 7.9 months respectively, and there were significant differences between the two groups (χ2=5.477, P=0.026; χ2=6.083, P=0.014). The adverse reactions of the two groups were mild, grade 1-2, mainly including fatigue, leukopenia, hand-foot syndrome, hypertension and proteinuria, with incidences of 59.7% (43/72), 50.0% (36/72), 8.3% (6/72), 12.5% (9/72), 9.7% (7/72) in the observation group, and 51.5% (35/68), 57.4% (39/68), 17.6% (12/68), 4.4% (3/68), 4.4% (3/68) in the control group, there were no significant differences between the two groups (χ2=0.965, P=0.326; χ2=0.760, P=0.383; χ2=2.708, P=0.100; χ2=2.919, P=0.088; χ2=0.794, P=0.373). Conclusion Apatinib combined with S-1 is effective, safe and tolerable in the treatment of recurrent and metastatic esophageal cancer. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Factors related to postoperative adjuvant therapy of locally advanced cervical cancer and building of a nomogram prediction model Yu Mingyue, Chen Zhengzheng, Zhao Xuxu, Ren Pingping, Zhang Ying, Ge Li, Zhu Meiling, Zhao Weidong 2021, 48 (1):  35-40.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200527-00006 Abstract ( 374 )   HTML ( 20 )   PDF (3938KB) ( 193 )   Save Objective To explore the related factors of postoperative adjuvant therapy for cervical cancer stagedⅠB1-ⅡA2 [according to 2018 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging standard], and to establish a nomogram model to predict the risk of postoperative adjuvant therapy for locally advanced cervical cancer. Methods A total of 714 patients with cervical squamous cell cancer staged FIGO ⅠB1-ⅡA2 treated by surgery in Anhui Provincial Hospital were selected as the research objects from January 2009 to December 2019, and their clinicopathological data were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors, and a nomogram model was established to predict the risk of postoperative adjuvant treatment of cervical cancer. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated with the consistency index (C-index), and the compliance of the model was evaluated with the calibration curve. Results Univariate analysis suggested that postoperative adjuvant therapy for cervical cancer was associated with gravidity (χ2=11.506, P=0.001), underlying disease (hypertension or diabetes) (χ2=7.668, P=0.006), squamous cell cancer antigen (SCC-AG) level (χ2=19.392, P<0.001), imaging risk factors (χ2=16.392, P<0.001), FIGO stage (χ2=25.686, P<0.001), tumor size (χ2=9.392, P=0.025) and surgical path (χ2=16.590, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that the number of pregnancy >2 times (OR=1.951, 95%CI: 1.355-2.808, P<0.001), SCC-Ag ≥1.5 μg/L (OR=2.021, 95%CI: 1.444-2.829, P<0.001), FIGO stage ⅠB3-ⅡA2 [ⅠB3 (OR=1.933, 95%CI: 1.139-3.282, P=0.015); ⅡA1 (OR=2.723, 95%CI: 1.556-4.765, P<0.001); ⅡA2 (OR=3.159, 95%CI: 1.502-6.646, P=0.002)], with underlying disease (hypertension or diabetes) (OR=1.867, 95%CI: 1.051-3.318, P=0.033), imaging risk factors (OR=1.997, 95%CI: 1.127-3.537, P=0.018), without neoadjuvant therapy [preoperative neoadjuvant therapy for 1 cycle (OR=0.402, 95%CI: 0.207-0.783, P=0.007)] and laparoscopic surgery (OR=2.177, 95%CI: 1.524-3.112, P<0.001) were independent influencing factors for postoperative adjuvant treatment of cervical cancer. Based on the screened variables, the nomogram model to predict the risk of postoperative adjuvant treatment for cervical cancer has good predictive performance (C-index was 0.702) and compliance. Conclusion The number of pregnancy >2 times, SCC-Ag ≥1.5 μg/L, FIGO stage ⅠB3-ⅡA2, with underlying disease (hypertension or diabetes), imaging risk factors, without neoadjuvant therapy, and laparoscopic surgery are independent influencing factors for postoperative adjuvant treatment of cervical cancer. A nomogram model has been constructed to predict the risk of postoperative adjuvant therapy for locally advanced cerrical cancer, and it can provide evidence for clinical treatment selection. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

CDCA5 and tumors He Peidong, Li Zijian 2021, 48 (1):  41-44.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200810-00007 Abstract ( 616 )   HTML ( 20 )   PDF (3076KB) ( 463 )   Save Cohesion between sister chromatids occurs during DNA replication, is regulated by cohesin, and depends on acetylation of cell division cycle associated 5 (CDCA5) and cohesin. WAPL can promote dissociation of cohesin from DNA, and CDCA5 can antagonize the effect of WAPL and stabilize sister chromatids cohesion by stabilizing the binding of cohesin to DNA. CDCA5 mRNA has a high transcription level in a variety of tumor cell lines, suggesting that CDCA5 may be related to the higher malignant proliferation activity of tumor cells, and has been confirmed in various tumors such as liver cancer and lung cancer, and CDCA5 may be a potential targeted molecule for the treatment of malignant tumors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research advances of Mfn2 in tumor Wei Mengyu, Ma Li 2021, 48 (1):  45-47.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200212-00008 Abstract ( 666 )   HTML ( 14 )   PDF (2158KB) ( 330 )   Save Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) plays an important role in the process of mitochondrial fusion, and is involved in regulating mitochondrial function and morphological changes. Studies have found that Mfn2 has a tumor suppressor effect in a variety of malignant tumors and their cell lines, including cervical cancer, hepatocellular cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and bladder cancer. The difference in the expression of Mfn2 in malignant tumor tissues suggests that Mfn2 may play an important role in the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of malignant tumor cells. As a cancer-related gene, Mfn2 provides new ideas for gene therapy of malignant tumors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Role of antibiotics in tumor development and immunotherapy Yang Mengxue, Yuan Man, Tong Jiandong, Yan Xuebing 2021, 48 (1):  48-51.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200423-00009 Abstract ( 958 )   HTML ( 29 )   PDF (3250KB) ( 278 )   Save In recent years, immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) as the representative drug has become an important treatment method for advanced malignant tumors. Preclinical studies have found that disorders of the gut microbiota can reduce the clinical benefit of patients treated with ICI. The latest data indicate that antibiotics may further affect the occurrence and development of tumors and the efficacy of immunotherapy by changing the abundance and composition of intestinal microbiota. To sum up the role of anti-biotics in the immunotherapy of advanced malignant tumor may provide a new idea for the optimization of treatment strategies for patients with advanced cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Prevention and treatment of cognitive dysfunction caused by radiotherapy to the brain Peng Wenshuo, Chen Naiyao, Hu Xia, Zhang Jingyi 2021, 48 (1):  52-56.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200810-00010 Abstract ( 1218 )   HTML ( 23 )   PDF (3853KB) ( 230 )   Save Radiation-induced brain injury is a serious untoward effect of radiotherapy for malignant tumors. Patients received radiotherapy frequently occur cognitive dysfunction which seriously affects the quality of life. Although the exact mechanisms regarding radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction remain unclear, prevention strategies targeting cognitive dysfunction are increasingly applied to clinical intervention, including whole brain radiotherapy with hippocampus avoidance, stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with multiple brain metastases, and pretreatment with neuroprotective drugs such as memantine and donepezil. In addition, measures including appropriate radiotherapy management models, regular cognitive tests, and therapeutic measures at the appropriate time are critical to improve the quality of life for brain tumor patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of three-dimensional reconstruction technique in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer Zou Juan, Zheng Jiehua, Li Zhiyang, Lin Weixun, Chen Yexi 2021, 48 (1):  57-60.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200810-00011 Abstract ( 733 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (3280KB) ( 237 )   Save In recent years, with being gradually developed, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction based on pathology and medical imaging technology has shown certain value in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. And with its advantages of providing the spatial location, morphological structure and 3D structure relationships with the surrounding tissues and organs, 3D reconstruction technology has played a key role in the early diagnosis, surgical treatment, and accurate evaluation of the treatment effect after surgery of breast cancer. Although the application of 3D reconstruction technology based on pathology and medical imaging is still inadequate, with the continuous development of science and technology, 3D reconstruction technology will play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis, personalized treatment and prognosis assessment of breast cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Common active targeting nano drug delivery systems for cervical cancer Ding Xuchao, Cao Lili 2021, 48 (1):  61-64.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20200527-00012 Abstract ( 465 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (3145KB) ( 302 )   Save Cervical cancer active targeting nano drug delivery system delivers drug-loaded nanoparticles to cancer cells in a targeted way through specific ligand-receptor interaction, which has the advantages of reducing adverse drug reactions and improving drug efficacy. It is of great significance to understand the active targeting nano drug delivery system for cervical cancer to explore new carriers, drugs and targets. References | Related Articles | Metrics