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08 April 2017, Volume 44 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effects of interleukin-17 on human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells Feng Shu, Wang Junfu, Chen Xuemei, Luan Junwen, Su Qinghong, Luan Meng, Xu Xiaoqun 2017, 44 (4):  241-245.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2017.04.001 Abstract ( 391 )   PDF (1673KB) ( 1044 )   Save Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-17 (IL-17) on the cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration of human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells. Methods IL-17 was transiently transfected into Hep-2 cells, and at the same time empty vector group (pEGFP-N1) and normal control group were set up. The efficiency of transfection was evaluated by fluorescence microscope, and the mRNA and protein expressions of IL-17 were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. The proliferation of cells was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method, and the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The migration ability was detected by woundhealing assay and Transwell assay. Results  Hep-2 cells transfected with empty vector pEGFP-N1 and IL-17 showed green fluorescence under the fluorescence microscope. Hep-2 cells expressed IL-17 at both mRNA and protein levels after transfection with IL-17. Compared with the normal control group, the proliferation of IL-17 transfected Hep-2 cells was significantly inhibited after 48 h transfection (0.34±0.03 vs. 0.46±0.04, P=0.006). The apoptotic rate of IL-17 transfected cells was higher than that of normal control group (26.80%±0.80% vs. 2.90%±0.31%, P=0.000). According to the woundhealing assay, compared with the normal control group, the scratch width of IL-17 transfected cells was significantly greater (1.59±0.01 vs. 1.36±0.01, P=0.000). Transwell migration experiment showed that the migration of  IL-17 transfected cells was significantly lower than that of the normal control group (26.33±2.08 vs. 49.33±1.53, P=0.000). Conclusion IL-17 can inhibit the proliferation of human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells, reduce their migration ability and enhance their apoptosis ability. Therefore, IL-17 may inhibit the occurrence and development of laryngeal carcinoma through a variety of mechanisms. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expression change of nm23-H1 in differentiation process of leukemia cells and its molecular mechanisms Tian Jing,Yuan Xiaofen,Han Yang,Ren Xia,Zhang Zhiyong,Guo Qiang,Li Lianlian,Zhang Xiaoyu,Zhang Zhen,Li Xia,Jiang Guosheng 2017, 44 (4):  246-250.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.002 Abstract ( 415 )   PDF (1676KB) ( 1082 )   Save Objective To detect the mechanisms of nm23-H1, c-Myc, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in differentiation of leukemia cells HL-60 and their correlation, and provide theory basis and treatment targets for clinical treatment. Methods We chose CCK-8 assay to detect the proliferation change of the HL-60 cells induced by optimal concentration of all-trans-retinoic acid   (ATRA). Wright Giemsa staining was used to observe cell morphological changes. The gene or protein expressions of nm23-H1, c-Myc and G-CSF were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or Western blotting assay, and the G-CSF secretion level in supernatants of ATRA-inducing HL-60 cells was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ResultsThe cell proliferation inhibition rates were respectively (43.00±0.08)%, (49.55±2.30)%, (58.90±6.70)%, (64.60±4.70)%, (72.70±3.20)%, after HL-60 cells were induced by ATRA with drug concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00 and 4.00 μmol/L for 72 hours, with a significant difference (F=69.887, P=0.000). After induced by ATRA, cell morphology confirmed that HL-60 cells were differentiated into mature granulocytes. The mRNA expression of nm23-H1 decreased gradually from 0.79±0.03 to 0.52±0.09. The difference was statistically significant (F=9.679, P=0.002). The relative expression of protein decreased from 1.54±0.12 to 0.40±0.04. The difference was statistically significant (F=90.140, P=0.000). The relative expression of c-Myc mRNA decreased from 0.95±0.05 to 0.46±0.05. The difference was statistically significant (F=27.900, P=0.000). The relative expression of protein decreased from 1.12±0.11 to 0.14±0.03. The difference was statistically significant (F=115.500, P=0.000). Moreover, the mRNA expression of G-CSF increased gradually from 0.26±0.07 to 0.55±0.09. The difference was statistically significant (F=7.817, P=0.004). The level of cell secretion increased from (13.67±7.51)pg/ml to (128.30±25.77)pg/ml. The difference was statistically significant (F=28.020, P=0.000). Conclusionnm23-H1 probably plays an important role in inducing differentiation of HL-60 cells by interacting with the expressions of c-Myc and G-CSF References | Related Articles | Metrics

Function and mechanism of TRIM22 targeting eIF4E in the process of NB4 cells differentiation Han Yang, Song Guanhua, Tian Jing, Liao Qiong, Li Lianlian, Zhang Xiaoyu, Liu Hongyan, Zhang Zhiyong, Jiang Guosheng 2017, 44 (4):  251-256.  doi: Leukemia; Cell differentiation; Eukaryotic initiation factor4E; Tripartite motif protein 22 Abstract ( 249 )   PDF (1503KB) ( 1095 )   Save Objective  To investigate the function of tripartite motif protein 22 (TRIM22) and the interaction with eukaryotic translation initiation factor4E (eIF4E) in the differentiation of NB4 cells, one kind of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells, which elucidates the mechanism of TRIM22 targeting to regulate eIF4E. Methods  The model of NB4 cells inducing differentiation was established in vitro. The expression changes of gene and protein of TRIM22 and eIF4E were detected by using quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR) and Western blotting. In addition, the effect on cell function and protein expression level of eIF4E after adopting electroporation technology to depress or overexpress TRIM22 was detected by CCK8 and flow cytometry. Finally, the interaction of TRIM22 and eIF4E was verified by using coimmunoprecipitation (COIP). Results  The mRNA relative expression level of TRIM22 was gradually increasing from 1.01±0.15 to 30.98±2.79 (F=280.700, P=0.000), and the protein relative expression level was gradually increasing from 0.22±0.03 to 0.51±0.05 (F=51.430, P=0.000) after the alltransretinoic acid (ATRA) induction for NB4 cell. However, the mRNA relative expression level of eIF4E was gradually decreasing from 1.01±0.09 to 0.47±0.06 (F=20.520, P=0.000), with the same trend, the protein relative expression level was gradually decreasing from 0.97±0.02 to 0.64±0.09 (F=14.700, P=0.001). The expression level of PECD11b in the TRIM22 overexpression group with ATRA detected by flow cytometry ［(78.80±2.00)%］ was higher than that in the transfection group of empty vetor with ATRA ［(58.70±2.70)%］ (t=9.535, P=0.000) and the cotransfection group with ATRA ［(61.60±3.80)%］ (t=8.187, P=0.000). Meanwhile, the protein level of eIF4E changed reversely after overexpressing the gene level of TRIM22 (t=4.985, P=0.007). The COIP experiment was used to verify the interaction of TRIM22 and eIF4E. Conclusion  TRIM22 is able to promote the cell differentiation during the process of NB4 cells differentiation. Furthermore, eIF4E is a target of TRIM22 for binding with, which plays an important role in depressing the expression of eIF4E References | Related Articles | Metrics

Biological effects of nonthermal plasma combined with Xray irradiation on human hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mice Chen Chen, Zhou Juying 2017, 44 (4):  257-261.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2017.04.004 Abstract ( 393 )   PDF (2074KB) ( 1102 )   Save Objective To investigate the biological effects of nonthermal plasma (NTP) combined with X-ray irradiation on human hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mice. Methods By subcutaneous inoculation, tumor models of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 in nude mice were established, and these mice were divided into control group, NTP treatment group, X-ray irradiation group, combined treatment group. The changes of tumor microenvironment were observed using hematoxylineosin (HE) staining. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to determine the level of neuronal apoptosis in tumor tissues. The expression of metal matrix proteinase-2 (MMP-2) was detected by immunohistochemical assay. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe cell structure changes. Results The final tumor volumes of control group, NTP treatment group, X-ray irradiation group, combined treatment group were (543.96±108.45), (436.54±65.49), (351.66±56.68), (281.97±35.60)mm3, with a statistically significant difference (F=9.63, P=0.01), and the difference between X-ray radiation group and the combination treatment group was significant (P=0.05). HE staining showed that there was a larger area of necrosis in the combined treatment group compared with the other groups. TUNEL showed that the apoptotic indexes were (0.95±0.13)%, (5.82±0.26)%, (7.53±0.43)%, (11.07±0.35)% respectively, with a statistically significant difference (F=547.76, P=0.00), and the difference between X-ray radiation group and the combination treatment group was statistically significant (P=0.00). The immune scores of each group were 12, 9, 9, 2. Electron microscopic observation showed that there were more apoptotic bodies in the combined treatment group than those in the other groups, accompanied by mitochondrial edema. Conclusion NTP and X-ray irradiation therapy in the treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mice model has a synergistic effect. Probably, it can be a new type of treatment in curing cancers. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical value of the VEGF-C and VEGF-R3 in peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer Yao Yuejuan, Wang Yan, Wang Xing, Jing Jiexian 2017, 44 (4):  262-265.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.005 Abstract ( 470 )   PDF (678KB) ( 928 )   Save Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGF-R3) in peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer and the pathological characteristics, and to assess the ability to evaluate lymphatic and distant metastasis of the two marks. Methods  VEGF-C and VEGF-R3 were detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 124 patients with lung cancer and 30 normal controls, and used to analyze the relationship with the pathological characteristics of lung cancer. Results  The serum levels ［M(QR)］ of VEGF-C and VEGF-R3 in patients with lung cancer were 283.57 (120.70) pg/ml and 62.72 (43.02) ng/ml, significantly higher than the control whose VEGF-C and VEGF-R3 were 234.62 (129.20) ng/ml and 43.08 (17.07) pg/ml, respectively (Z=-2.840, P=0.005; Z=-3.834, P＜0.001). No correlation was found between the expression of VEGF-C and age, sex, primary tumor site, T stage (Z=-0.949, P=0.343; Z=-0.454, P=0.649; Z=-1.168, P=0.243; Z=-1.694, P=0. 090). But  the expression of VEGF-C was significantly related with pathologic type, N stage and M stage (χ2=8.829, P=0.012; χ2=27.148, P＜0.001; Z=-2.221, P=0.026). However,  the expression of VEGF-R3 was not correlated with age, sex, the site of the primary lesion, pathological type and T, N, M stage (Z=-0.558, P=0.577; Z=-0.599, P=0.549; Z=-0.703, P=0.482; χ2=1.166, P=0.558; Z=-0.680, P=0.496; χ2=0.353, P=0.950; Z=-1.523, P=0.128). Conclusion  The expressions of VEGF-C and VEGF-R3 in patients with lung cancer are higher than those in normal control, and the expression of VEGF-C is related with pathologic type, N stage and M stage. The detection of VEGF-C in peripheral blood of lung cancer is expected to be an assistant marker for the evaluation of lymph node metastasis and blood metastasis, but VEGFR3 does not show its value. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Effect of a novel oncolytic herpes simplex virus type Ⅱ on lung adenocarcinoma Hou Yuxiao, Sheng Lijun, Zhao Chunhong, Zhang Zhen, He Weina 2017, 44 (4):  266-270.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.006 Abstract ( 440 )   PDF (1382KB) ( 1150 )   Save Objective  To establish the subcutaneous transplantation tumor models with Lewis lung adenocarcinoma in C57BL/6 mice, and to observe the influence of oHSV2, DDP and drug combination on tumor volume, median survival time and weight of tumorburdened mice. Methods Subcutaneous transplantation tumor models were established with Lewis lung adenocarcinoma in tumorburdened mice. Tumorburdened mice were randomly divided into the control group, oHSV2 group, DDP group, oHSV2/DDP sequential group, DDP/oHSV2 sequential group and oHSV2+DDP combination group with 12 rats in each group using the random number table method. The tumor size and weight of mice were measured every 3 days. Results  On the 21st day, the tumor size of tumorburdened mice in every group was as follows: control group (1.82±0.06)cm3, oHSV2 group (0.63±0.05)cm3, DDP group (0.58±0.03)cm3, oHSV2/DDP sequential group (0.49±0.05)cm3, DDP/oHSV2 sequential group (0.42±0.04)cm3, and the difference was statistically significant (F=1 359.01, P=0.000). The data in oHSV2+DDP group were put away because of premature death in mice. The differences were statistically significant between control group and oHSV2 group (P=0.000), control group and DDP group (P=0.000), control group and oHSV2/DDP sequential group (P=0.000), control group and DDP/oHSV2 sequential group (P=0.000), oHSV2 group and DDP group (P=0.017), DDP group and DDP/oHSV2 sequential group (P=0.000), oHSV2/DDP sequential group and DDP/oHSV2 sequential group (P=0.001). The weight of tumorburdened mice in every group was listed as follows: control group (21.64±0.40)g, oHSV2 group (21.34±0.37)g, DDP group (15.96±0.43)g, oHSV2/DDP sequential group (19.04±0.31)g, DDP/oHSV2 sequential group (16.34±0.30)g, and the difference was statistically significant (F=588.67, P=0.000). The difference was not statistically significant between control group and oHSV2 group (P=0.076). However, the differences were statistically significant between control group and DDP group (P=0.000), control group and oHSV2/DDP sequential group (P=0.000), control group and DDP/oHSV2 sequential group (P=0.000), oHSV2 group and DDP group (P=0.000), oHSV2 group and oHSV2/DDP sequential group (P=0.000), DDP group and DDP/oHSV2 group (P=0.013), oHSV2/DDP sequential group and DDP/oHSV2 sequential group (P=0.000). The median survival time of tumorburdened mice in every group was displayed as follows: control group 23 d , oHSV2 group 32 d, DDP group 30 d, oHSV2/DDP sequential group 37 d, DDP/oHSV2 sequential group 39 d, oHSV2＋DDP combination group 16 d, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=120.81, P=0.000). The differences were statistically significant between control group and oHSV2 group (χ2=10.88， P=0.001), control group and DDP group (χ2=10.69， P=0.001), oHSV2 group and DDP/oHSV2 sequential group (χ2=10.09， P=0.001), DDP group and DDP/oHSV2 sequential group (χ2=9.67， P=0.002). However, the differences were not statistically significant between oHSV2 group and DDP group (χ2=0.00， P=0.996), oHSV2/DDP sequential group and DDP/oHSV2 sequential group (χ2=2.70， P=0.100). Conclusion  On the premise of that the weight of mice is no affected, oHSV2 can inhibit the tumor size and prolong the median survival time of tumorburdened mice effectively, and the effect of DDP/oHSV2 sequential group is the most significant. This article provides an experimental basis for exploring therapeutic methods of lung adenocarcinoma. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical observation of radiotherapy combined with temozolomide in non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases Teng Fei, Cui Guimin, Shi Hongyun, Liu Miaoling, Li Yanhong 2017, 44 (4):  271-273.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.007 Abstract ( 477 )   PDF (674KB) ( 1007 )   Save Objective  To investigate the recent curative effect and adverse reactions of radiotherapy combined with temozolomide in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)  patients with brain metastases. Methods  The clinical date of 51 NSCLC patients with brain metastases were retrospective analyzed in Department of Radiation Oncology of Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University. Patients were divided into experimental group (n=26) and control group (n=25) according to the different treatment methods. The experimental group underwent whole brain and local tumor radiotherapy plus temozolomide. The control group only received whole brain and local tumor radiotherapy. The recent curative effect and adverse reactions of the two groups were analyzed. Results  The Karnofsky performance status score of patients in the experimental group was obviously improved than that in the control group (76.2±6.4 vs. 72.8±5.3), with a significant difference (t=2.06, P=0.04). The total effective rate in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (80.8% vs. 64.0%), but there was no statistically significant difference (χ2=1.80, P=0.18). Compared with the control group, the incidences of nausea and vomiting (80.8% vs. 28.0%) and bone marrow suppression (84.6% vs. 24.0%) in the experimental group were significantly higher, with significant differences (χ2=14.33, P=0.00; χ2=18.91, P=0.00). There were similar incidences of headache (69.2% vs. 60.1%), liver and kidney damage (73.1% vs. 64.0%) in the two groups, with no significant differences (χ2=0.47, P=0.49; χ2=0.47, P=0.49). Conclusion  Radiotherapy combined with temozolomide can improve the quality of life in NSCLC patients with brain metastases, which has controllable and tolerable adverse reactions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Effect of RASSF1A gene promoter methylation on its expression level in cervical cancer tissue and its clinical significance Yin Shuhui, Zhao Wenlong, Cao Haixia 2017, 44 (4):  274-277.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.008 Abstract ( 387 )   PDF (739KB) ( 782 )   Save Objective  To research the promoter methylation level of RAS association domain family 1A (RASSF1A) and RASSF1A gene mRNA expression level in cervical cancer tissue, and to analyze their relationships with clinicopathological parameters of cervical cancer and the clinical significance. Methods  The RASSF1A gene promoter methylation and RASSF1A gene mRNA were detected respectively by methylation specific PCR and quantitative real-time PCR method in 40 cases of cervical cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues. Results  RASSF1A mRNA expression level in cervical cancer (0.26±0.05) was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues (0.28±0.03), and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.27, P=0.026). The methylation rate of RASSF1A gene promoter region (0.71%±0.04%) was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues (0.66%± 0.03%), and the difference was statistically significant (t=6.78, P=0.000). The expression of RASSF1A mRNA was significantly correlated with pathological differentiation (t=3.31, P=0.002), International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (t=2.13, P=0.040), lymphatic metastasis (t=2.56, P=0.015). The promoter methylation level of RASSF1A gene was significantly correlated with pathological differentiation (t=2.08, P=0.045), FIGO stage (t=2.66, P=0.011), lymphatic metastasis (t=2.22, P=0.033), depth of invasion (t=2.12, P=0.041). Conclusion  The RASSF1A gene promoter region methylation level and the RASSF1A gene mRNA expression level are associated with the malignant degree of cervical carcinoma. The RASSF1A gene promoter region methylation level may be used as a reference indicator for predicting the risk of metastasis of cervical cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and function of c-Myc in tumor Yu Jinjing, Lai Chunyun 2017, 44 (4):  278-280.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.009 Abstract ( 928 )   PDF (668KB) ( 2038 )   Save The proto oncogene c-Myc is expressed in many kinds of organs, and its dysfunction is closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of lymphoma, prostatic cancer, breast cancer and pancreatic cancer. With a large number of studies focus on the expression and function of c-Myc in tumor, the treatment of tumor by targeting c-Myc has made a wealth of progress. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Role of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor in melanoma metastasis He Yan, Tie Jun, Tang Jun 2017, 44 (4):  281-283.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.010 Abstract ( 488 )   PDF (674KB) ( 1014 )   Save In recent years, the function of microphthalmiaassociated transcription factor (MITF) is a hot field in melanoma. The abnormal expression of MITF is closely related to the occurrence and metastasis of melanoma. In addition, the down expression of MITF promotes its invasion. Studying the regulation of MITF and its related molecules and signaling pathways will let us further understand the molecule mechanism of malignant melanoma metastasis and provide help to exploit novel molecular targeted drug. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analysis of risk factors of thyroid cancer Wang Jiafeng, Ge Minghua. 2017, 44 (4):  284-286.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.011 Abstract ( 470 )   PDF (670KB) ( 1440 )   Save In the last decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer has continuously and rapidly increased, and the risk factors have become the focus of the whole society′s attention. The exposure of radiation in childhood and genetic predisposition are determinate risk factors for thyroid cancer. Goiter, benign nodules/adenomas and obesity are highly likely risk factors for thyroid cancer. Some menstrual and reproductive factors and dietetic factors are possible risk factors for thyroid cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Comparative of radiation technology of IMRT, VMAT and HT applied to lung cancer stereotactic body radiotherapy Yuan Daozu, Lyu Jiahua, Li Qi, Li Tao 2017, 44 (4):  287-289.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.012 Abstract ( 968 )   PDF (675KB) ( 1312 )   Save The radiation techniques for lung cancer stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) include intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy （VMAT） and helical tomotherapy (HT). Concerning the target conformity and dosimetric homogeneity index, HT and VMAT technologies are superior to IMRT. On the contrary, HT and VMAT technology can increase low dose area irradiated of lung. Comparing to other two technologies, VMAT can obviously shorten the treatment time. At present, there is no consensus how to choose individually optimized radiotherapy technology for different location and stages lung tumors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Advances of second-line therapy for small-cell lung cancer Yang Hongjuan, Xie Conghua. 2017, 44 (4):  290-293.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.013 Abstract ( 460 )   PDF (681KB) ( 1585 )   Save Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly malignant tumor, which is very sensitive to firstline chemotherapy, but easy to recurrence and metastasis early. So it always has poor prognosis. Secondline therapy for SCLC develops slowly. Topotecan is the only drug approved by US Food and Drug Administration as a secondline chemoradiotherapy. Numerous studies on molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy are being carried out, but most of them have no or little benefit. Rovalpituzumab tesirine (RovaT) targeted antibodydrug conjugate (ADC) which is published at the 2016 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting shows a good antitumor activity, which seems to bring a new dawn of molecular targeted therapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Treatment strategies of EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases Zhang Huibo, Li Xiangpan, Song Qibin 2017, 44 (4):  294-296.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.014 Abstract ( 421 )   PDF (671KB) ( 1315 )   Save As the leading cause of death among lung cancer patients, brain metastasis occurs in approximately 10 percent of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients at first diagnosis. Wholebrain radiation therapy (WBRT) is still the standard treatment for patients with brain metastasis, however, the efficacy of WBRT reaches a plateau. It has been proved that tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) make considerable therapeutic effect for NSCLC patients with brain metastasis. The combination therapy of TKIs with WBRT may provide new major treatment for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant NSCLC with brain metastasis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The mechanism of RNA interference for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment Hou Xiaoyun, Chu Yanjun. 2017, 44 (4):  297-299.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.015 Abstract ( 416 )   PDF (671KB) ( 1077 )   Save Primary liver cancer is one of the common malignant tumors. However, the efficacy of traditional treatments is not satisfactory. RNA interference is a new treatment method, which develops rapidly in recent years. It has been found that RNA interference can exert the antitumor effect through inhibiting the growth and proliferation of hepatocarcinoma cells, promoting apoptosis, inhibiting the invasion and metastasis of hepatocarcinoma cells, inhibiting angiogenesis and overcoming the resistance to chemotherapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress on body fluids microRNAs in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma Zou Rongji, Ma Qingjiu 2017, 44 (4):  300-303.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2017.04.016 Abstract ( 535 )   PDF (678KB) ( 842 )   Save The development of cholangiocarcinoma is slow, but its metastasis is extremely quick. When the tumor is found, the patients often have missed optimal operation period, and there is a lack of effective diagnostic indexes at present. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology, studies find that microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely associated with cholangiocarcinoma. Because of miRNAs have great stability in various types of body fluids, so miRNAs in serum/plasma and bile are expected to become potential biomarkers in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of HGF/c-MET signaling pathway inhibitors in antipancreatic cancer Qiao Yinbiao, Yang Bo 2017, 44 (4):  304-306.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.017 Abstract ( 448 )   PDF (671KB) ( 1331 )   Save Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumors. Targeted therapy has become an important part of the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The signaling pathways such as hepatocyte growth factor/c-MET (HGF/c-MET) signaling pathway, inhibition of which may exerts an antitumor effect, play extremely important roles in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, the research of HGF/c-MET targeted inhibitors opens up a new avenue for treatment of pancreatic cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical characteristics and treatment progress of adolescent and young adult with colorectal cancer Yan Hongkai, Liu Chaoxu, Song Ning, Shi Liubin 2017, 44 (4):  307-309.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.018 Abstract ( 463 )   PDF (666KB) ( 1187 )   Save Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of digestive system. There are significant differences between young patients and other ages in aspects of the disease features, biological characteristics, risk factors, clinical treatment and prognosis, etc. And the analysis of young colorectal cancer patients′ characteristics can provide new ideas for clinical treatment.  References | Related Articles | Metrics

Immunotherapy in melanoma patients with autoimmune disease Sun Chengyu, Xu Yuqing 2017, 44 (4):  310-312.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.019 Abstract ( 595 )   PDF (670KB) ( 886 )   Save Immunotherapy has become an important treatment for melanoma. The anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4） antibody or programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed deathligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor is safe and effective for melanoma patients with autoimmune disease (AD). However, when such patients are treated with anti-CTLA-4 antibody or PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, their condition changes should be closely monitored to prevent and avoid possible AD progression and immune-related adverse events. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells—immunotherapy targets in hematological malignancies Liu Jingjing, Jin Caibao, Xu Xiuwen, Zhu Xiaojian, Meng Li. 2017, 44 (4):  313-316.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2017.04.020 Abstract ( 518 )   PDF (676KB) ( 1413 )   Save In recent years, the research hot in the field of solid tumor and blood tumor focuses on the myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). In tumors, MDSCs not only exert immunosuppression by inhibiting T cell proliferation, destroying  the functions of natural killer cells and recruiting regulatory T cells, but also play non-immunosuppression roles in the promotion of angiogenesis and tumor metastasis. All of these hinder the anti-tumor therapy, and particularly affect the curative effect, which are related with a poor clinical prognosis. MDSCs can be used as prognostic markers, which provide new targets for immunotherapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics