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08 August 2016, Volume 43 Issue 8 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Efficacy and safety of aprepitant combined with ondansetron and dexamethasone in the prevention of chemotherapyinduced nausea and vomiting Li Kaichun, Wang Jingwen, Shi Zhan, Zhuang Jie, Chen Xi, Chen Jiayan, Tang Xi, Li Jin 2016, 43 (8):  561-564.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2016.08.001 Abstract ( 1363 )   PDF (788KB) ( 1690 )   Save Objective  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the new combination (aprepitant/ondansetron/dexamethasone) in the prevention of chemotherapyinduced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Methods  This was a prospective nonrandomized, selfcontrol single site study, and 43 patients receiving high and moderate emetic risk chemotherapy were enrolled. All patients received the following regimen for the prevention of CINV (day 1, 125 mg aprepitant, 16 mg ondansetron, and 10 mg dexamethasone before chemotherapy; and days 23, 80 mg aprepitant, 16 mg ondansetron, and 10 mg dexamethasone each day). The same dose of ondansetron and dexamethasone was used as selfcontrol in the previous or next course of the chemotherapy in the same patient. The primary end point was the proportion of patients with complete response (no emesis and no rescue therapy) during the 120 h postchemotherapy. Toxicity assessments were conducted using the NCICTC investigator guide (version 4.0). Results  The overall complete response (CR) rates were 72.1% in the aprepitant group (31/43) versus 51.2% in the selfcontrol group (22/43; χ2=3.98, P＜0.05). For the acute phase (＜24 h postchemotherapy), the CR rates were 83.7% (36/43) in the aprepitant group and 74.4% (32/43) in the selfcontrol group (χ2=1.12, P＞0.05). For the delayed phase, the CR rates were 76.7% (33/43) and 55.8% (24/43), respectively (χ2=4.21, P＜0.05). Toxicity and adverse events were comparable in both groups. Conclusion  The combination of aprepitant, ondansetron and dexamethasone is effective and well tolerable for CINV prevention in cancer patients receiving high and moderate emetic risk chemotherapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Curcumin downregulation of MGMT expression to enhance the chemosensitivity of temozolomide on maligant glioblastoma Cai Xiaojun, Han Lijuan, Wei Ping 2016, 43 (8):  565-569.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2016.08.002 Abstract ( 422 )   PDF (1792KB) ( 1109 )   Save ObjectiveTo explore the roles of curcumin in regulating high level O6methylguanineDNA methyltransferase (MGMT) expression and the chemosensitivity of gliomas cells to temozolomide (TMZ) in malignant gliomas. MethodsThe expressions of MGMT were detected in C6 and U87 cell lines and primary malignant gliomas cell by qRTPCR. The cell proliferation was analyzed after added in signal curcumin, signal TMZ, curcumin combined with TMZ in cells by CCK8 assay. The cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. ResultsCompared with single curcumin (C6: 0.64±0.03; U87: 0.63±0.06; primary cell: 0.51±0.07) and single TMZ (C6: 0.53±0.06; U87: 0.51±0.04; primary cell: 0.79±0.03), curcumin combined with TMZ (C6: 0.14±0.01; U87: 0.12±0.03; primary cell: 0.29±0.02) could significantly reduce the expression of MGMT in C6, U87 cell lines and primary cell line (C6: F=23.675, P=0.006; U87: F=29.021, P=0.001; primary cell: F=25.534, P=0.001). The combination of curcumin and TMZ could significantly inhibit the cells proliferation, decrease the halfinhibition concentration (IC50) value (C6: F=6.731, P=0.012; U87: F=17.321, P=0.008; primary cell: F=18.857, P=0.007). The apoptosis rate of the cells was significantly increased after the combined action of curcumin and TMZ (C6: F=25.871, P=0.001; U87: F=6.847, P=0.009; primary cell: F=36.641, P=0.000). ConclusionSynergistic effect of curcumin and TMZ can reduce the expression of MGMT and increase the chemosensitivity of TMZ  to malignant glioma, and provide new strategy and methods for the treatment of malignant glioma. Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and clinical significance of microRNA-148a in patients with non-small cell lung cancer Pan Yukai 2016, 43 (8):  570-573.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.003 Abstract ( 375 )   PDF (883KB) ( 914 )   Save Objective  To investigate the expressions of microRNA-148a (miR-148a) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues and the relationships with clinicopathologic features, to analyze the roles of miR-148a in evaluating prognosis. MethodsExpression levels of miR-148a in 48 pairs of NSCLC and adjacent non-tumor tissues were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR). The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the median value of miR-148a. The relationships between the expression levels of miR148a and clinicopathological features were analyzed. The survival rate was estimated by KaplanMeier method, and single factor analysis was performed. The relationship between the expression level of miR-148a and prognosis was analyzed by Logrank test. Results  miR-148a expression levels were significant down-regulated in NSCLC tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues (1.052 ± 0.659 vs. 1.397 ± 0.667, t=2.549, P=0.013). miR-148a expression level was correlated with tumor size (χ2=4.594, P=0.030), lymph nodes metastasis (χ2=5.486, P=0.019) and clinical stage (χ2=4.090, P=0.043), while it was not correlated with age (χ2=0.354, P=0.551), gender (χ2=2.277, P=0.131), histological type (χ2=0.403, P=0.525) and smoking (χ2=0.444, P=0.505). KaplanMeier analysis revealed a significant correlation between low miR148a expression level and poor overall survival (23.9 months vs. 38.7 months, χ2=4.941, P=0.026), and no significant correlation with progressionfree survival (21.6 months vs. 29.4 months, χ2=2.168, P=0.141). Conclusion  Down-regulation of miR-148a is correlated with worse clinicopathological features, which serves an independent marker for poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical observation of the tubular stomach substitute for esophagus anastomosis in the radical surgery of esophageal cancer Shi Zhen, He Jingkang 2016, 43 (8):  574-577.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.004 Abstract ( 475 )   PDF (707KB) ( 804 )   Save Objective  To investigate the clinical treatment effect of tubular stomach substitute for esophagus anastomosis in the radical surgery of esophageal cancer. Methods  Ninetyseven patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from June 2013 to June 2015 were selected. They were divided into two groups, 51 patients using the gastric tube substitute for esophagus anastomosis in the gastric tube group, and 46 patients using the traditional full stomach substitute for esophagus anastomosis in the whole stomach group. The operation times, intraoperative blood losses, the amount of postoperative gastrointestinal decompression, hospital stays, pathologic stages and incidences of complications after surgery in the two groups were observed and compared. Results  There were no preoperative death in the two groups. The gastric tube group took more operating time than the whole stomach group ［(287.43±23.64)min vs. (266.13±26.47)min］, with a significant difference (t=2.279, P=0.031). In the comparison of the amount of gastrointestinal decompression, the gastric tube group was less than the whole stomach group ［(1 908.14±327.97)ml vs. (2 221.93±323.87)ml］, with a significant difference (t=-2.591, P=0.015). There were not significant differences in blood losses ［(325.00±64.30)ml vs. (356.67±49.52)ml; t=-1.490, P=0.147］, the numbers of lymph nodes ［(10.73±4.83) vs. (10.36±5.31); t=0.238, P=0.813］, hospital stays ［(15.32±3.69)d vs. (16.45±3.80)d; t=-1.005, P=0.320］ and pathologic stages (P=0.713) in the gastric tube group and whole stomach group. The incidence of gastroesophageal reflux in the gastric tube group was significantly less than that in the whole stomach group, with a significant difference (1.96% vs. 15.22%; χ2=5.617, P=0.025). The occurrence of the complications like anastomotic leakage (5.88% vs. 10.87%; χ2=0.795, P=0.471), postoperative pulmonary complications (13.73% vs. 23.91%; χ2=1.661, P=0.296) and anastomotic stenosis (7.84% vs. 13.04%; χ2=0.707, P=0.510) had no statistical difference in the gastric tube group and whole stomach group. ConclusionIn  the surgical treatment of esophageal cancer, tubular stomach substitute for esophagus anastomosis is better than the full stomach substitute for esophageal surgery, which can improve the life quality of postoperative patients and is worthy of clinical promotion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Gastroduodenal complications after tomotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer: endoscopic findings and risk factors Wei Hualin, Zhou Ping, Guo Xiaopei, Liu Jianhui, Xia Tingyi, Ren Gang, Wang Yong. 2016, 43 (8):  578-583.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.005 Abstract ( 397 )   PDF (720KB) ( 1105 )   Save Objective  To investigate the risk factors and patterns of radiation induced gastroduodenal complications in patients with pancreatic cancer following tomotherapy (TOMO) using endoscopy. Methods  Patients with pancreatic cancer who were treated TOMO in Air Force General Hospital from February 2010 to May 2015 were collected. All patients underwent endoscopic examination before and after radiotherapy. The radiation injuries were observed, and factors influencing radiationinduced gastroduodenal complications were analyzed. Results  The median time of gastroscopy after radiotherapy was 1 month, radiation gastritis and duodenitis were 41 cases (58.6%), radiation gastric and duodenal ulcers were 30 cases (42.9%), and hemorrhage 7 cases (10.0%), scar formation 3 cases (4.3%), 6 cases (8.6%) had newly developed gastric retention, and 4 cases (5.7%) had newly developed gastric varix. Univariate analysis showed that relieving jaundice and radiation protection (amifostine) were associated with the development of radiation gastric ulcers (χ2=4.186, P=0.041; χ2=5.679, P=0.017). Conmon terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE)≥2 was associated with the development of radiation duodenal ulcers (χ2=3.960， P=0.047). Mean dose (Dmean) ＞13.39 Gy and Dmean≤13.39 Gy gastric ulcers rates were 25.0% and 9.1%, respectively (AUC=0.740, P=0.048). Conclusion  The TOMO induced gastroduodenal injury in patients with pancreatic cancer is frequent. Relieving jaundice is the protection of radiation gastric ulcer. Dmean＞13.39 Gy is independent predictive factors for radiation gastric ulcers. Patients after TOMO should be examined by endoscopy early. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and relationship between hepaCAM protein and multidrug resistance protein in renal carcinoma Xiaoliang, Luo Xu, Liu Ruming 2016, 43 (8):  584-587.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.006 Abstract ( 376 )   PDF (1235KB) ( 886 )   Save Objective  To investigate the expression and relationship between hepatocyte cell adhesion molecule (hepaCAM) protein and some multidrug resistance proteins in renal carcinoma tissue. Methods  Expressions of hepaCAM, multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP), P-glycoprotein (P-gp), lung resistance protein (LRP), and topoisomerase Ⅱ (TOPO Ⅱ) protein were detected by immunohistochemistry in different areas of human renal cell carcinoma tissues and their relationships were analyzed. Results  In the peripheral zone of renal tumor, hepaCAM, MRP, P-gp and LRP protein were showed positive expression. In the central region of the renal tumor, the expressions of hepaCAM, P-gp and LRP were negative or weakly positive, while the expressions of MRP and TOPO Ⅱ protein were positive. The expressions of MRP and TOPO Ⅱ protein in the central region of tumor were stronger than those in the peripheral zone of tumor (31.23±5.67 vs. 23.89±4.56; 45.66±2.34 vs. 5.23±0.66), with statistically significant differences (t=-6.20, P=0.00; t=-100.16, P=0.00). While the expressions of other proteins (hepaCAM, P-gp and LRP) in the central region of tumor were weaker than those in the peripheral zone of tumor (3.21±1.12 vs. 27.25±2.23; 2.34±0.33 vs. 51.23±3.45; 4.22±1.78 vs. 44.23±1.45), with statistically significant differences (t=60.87, P=0.00; t=90.35, P=0.00; t=107.18, P=0.00). Correlation analysis showed that the expression of hepaCAM protein in the central region of renal carcinoma was related with the expression of MRP protein (r=0.94, P=0.01), but it was not related with the expressions of P-gp, LRP and TOPO Ⅱ protein (r=0.22, P=0.44; r=0.14, P=0.80; r=0.34, P=0.07). Conclusion  The expression of hepaCAM protein in renal carcinoma may be related to tumor drug-resistance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The relationship among the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor-C and its receptor and the cervical cancer growth and lymph node metastasis Yan Haiya, Wang Jie 2016, 43 (8):  588-592.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.007 Abstract ( 410 )   PDF (801KB) ( 997 )   Save Objective  To study the relationship between the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (KDR) in cervical carcinoma and the formation of cervical cancer and lymph node metastasis. Methods  We selected 72 cervical carcinoma tissues, their corresponding adjacent tissues and 36 normal cervical tissues which have been resected in the Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Baoji of Shaanxi Province from January 2010 to December 2013. The mRNA and protein expressions of VEGF-C and KDR were examined by semi-quantitative PCR and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in these tissues. The relationships between the expressions of VEGF-C and KDR and the formation of cervical cancer and lymph node metastasis were analyzed. Results  The mRNA levels of VEGF-C in 72 cases of cervical cancer tissues and its corresponding adjacent tissues were 4.67±1.05 and 2.02±0.65, which were significantly higher than those in normal cervical tissues (0.36±0.06), with significant differences (t=2.247, P=0.025; t=1.379, P=0.027). The protein levels of VEGF-C in 72 cases of cervical cancer tissues and their corresponding adjacent tissues were 68.30±17.10 and 48.20±12.70, which were significantly higher than those in normal cervical tissues (18.40±10.70), with significant differences (t=4.357, P=0.016; t=6.337, P=0.012). The mRNA levels of KDR in 72 cases of cervical cancer tissues and their corresponding adjacent tissues were 3.52±0.95 and 1.92±0.87, which were significantly higher than those in normal cervical tissues (0.72±0.36), with significant differences (t=3.127, P=0.023; t=1.214, P=0.028). The protein levels of KDR in 72 cases of cervical cancer tissues and their corresponding adjacent tissues were 47.20±15.60 and 38.60±11.30, which were significantly higher than those in normal cervical tissues (16.40±9.40), with significant differences (t=3.667, P=0.020; t=0.986, P=0.032). The expression level of VEGFC protein in 72 cases of cervical cancer tissues was not correlated with age (χ2=0.54, P=0.17), tissue type (χ2=0.34, P=0.25), depth of invasion (χ2=5.39, P=0.08), pathological grade (χ2=0.78, P=0.11), but was correlated with tumor size (χ2=22.34, P=0.02), clinical stage (χ2=32.14, P=0.01) and lymph node metastasis (χ2=15.58, P=0.03). The expression level of its receptor KDR was correlated with tumor size (χ2=13.78, P=0.04), tissue type (χ2=32.74, P=0.01), pathological grade (χ2=13.72, P=0.04), depth of invasion (χ2=10.27, P=0.04), clinical staging (χ2=20.25, P=0.02) and lymph node metastasis (χ2=19.52, P=0.02), but was not correlated with age (χ2=4.17, P=0.09). Conclusion  The expression levels of VEGFC and KDR are correlated with the growth, invasion and metastasis of cervical cancer, which are good indicators of the lymph node metastasis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expression of ErbB3 in osteosarcoma cell lines Saos-2 and its significance Wang Wei, Li Zhaohui, Zheng Xiaoxia, Cui Yuying 2016, 43 (8):  593-596.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.008 Abstract ( 431 )   PDF (1084KB) ( 1177 )   Save Objective  To explore the expression of ErbB3 in osteosarcoma cell lines Saos-2 and its significance. Methods  Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detected ErbB3 mRNA expression in osteosarcoma cell lines Saos-2 and normal human osteoblasts cell lines N704, and Western blotting was used to detected ErbB3 protein expression. Short hairpin RNA was used to construct ErbB3 knockdown cells and the cell count in 0-3 d was detected. The 48 h survival rates of ErbB3 knockdown cells and normal Saos-2 cells were detected in the presence of 0-100 μmol/L paclitaxel. Results  Real-time quantitative PCR showed significant enhanced ErbB3 mRNA expression in Saos-2 cells compared with N704 ［(4.15±0.04) times, t=7.31, P＜0.05］, and Western blotting showed significant enhanced ErbB3 expression in Saos-2 cells compared with N704. As compared with normal Saos-2 cells, ErbB3 knockdown could reduce the Saos-2 cells proliferation, at the first three days in culture, the Saos-2 cell number of ErbB3 silent was (22.2±2.9) thousand, and the control was (45.8±4.1) thousand, with statistical significance (t=8.23, P＜0.05). Moreover, ErbB3 knockdown could reduce the Saos2 cells tolerance to paclitaxel, when treated with 20 μmol/L paclitaxel, surviving cells in ErbB3 silent group was (43.2±4.7)%, and the control was (61.4±5.9)%, with statistical significance (t=6.74，P＜0.05). Conclusion  ErbB3 highly expresses in Saos-2 cells, ErbB3 expression can enhance the proliferation of Saos-2 cells and the tolerance of Saos-2 cells to paclitaxel. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Association between XPC Lys939Gln(A/C) gene polymorphism and the susceptibility of gastric cancer: a Metaanalysis Cui Jing, Tan Hui, Jiang Lei, Yuan Wenzhen, Guan Quanlin 2016, 43 (8):  597-602.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.009 Abstract ( 407 )   PDF (844KB) ( 907 )   Save Objective  To explore the association between Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation C group (XPC) Lys939Gln (A/C) gene polymorphism and the susceptibility of gastric cancer. Methods  By searching PubMed, Cochrane Library, Elsevier, SpringerVerlag, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Data, VIP Database and Wanfang Database, all eligible casecontrol studies published up to September 2015 were selected and the quality of each article was valuated by two reviewers independently according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was performed by using STATA 12.0 software. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. The text was estimated for the subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis and publication bias test. Results  A  total of 7 casecontrol studies were included, including 2 336 cases with gastric cancer and 3 502 controls. The Metaanalysis showed that compared with the allele A, the allele C increased the risk of gastric cancer (OR=1.09, 95%CI: 1.01-1.18, Z=2.12, P=0.034); compared to the genotype AA, the homozygous model (CC) and dominant model (CC+AC) also increased the risk of gastric cancer (CC vs.AA: OR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.00-1.42, Z=2.00, P=0.046; CC+AC vs.AA: OR=1.12, 95%CI: 1.00-1.25, Z=2.03, P=0.042). The Meta-analysis showed the statistical significance between XPC Lys939Gln (A/C) gene polymorphism and the gastric cancer risk in subgroup of Asian people (C vs.A: OR=1.10, 95%CI: 1.01-1.20, Z=2.28, P=0.023; CC vs.AA: OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.01-1.46, Z=2.02, P=0.043; CC+AC vs.AA: OR=1.13, 95%CI: 1.01-1.27, Z=2.11, P=0.035) and the source of community in the control group (C vs.A: OR=1.11, 95%CI: 1.01-1.21, Z=2.25, P=0.024; CC vs.AA: OR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.02-1.50, Z=2.12, P=0.034). Conclusion  XPC Lys939Gln(A/C) gene polymorphism may be associated with the susceptibility of gastric cancer, and genotype CC, CC+AC and allele C can increase the risk of gastric cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Breast cancer metastasis suppressor gene 1 correlates with progression of cancer: a Metaanalysis Pan Zhongya, Long Xinghua 2016, 43 (8):  603-608.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2016.08.010 Abstract ( 359 )   PDF (2048KB) ( 1301 )   Save Objective  To evaluate the association between the expression of breast cancer metastasis suppressor gene 1 (BRMS1) and the progression of cancer, and provide the basis for predicting the occurrence and metastasis of cancer. Methods  Articles about BRMS1 with the clinical research literatures of cancer from PubMed, EMBase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and VIP database were retrieved. The association between the expression of BRMS1 and tumorigenesis was evaluated by odds ratio (OR). The RevMan 5.3 software was used to complete the meta-analysis. Results  A total of 27 articles were included, involving 2 282 cases in cancer group and 1 236 cases in the control group. The metaanalysis results showed that BRMS1 expression was significantly upregulated in cancer lesions compared with paired noncancer (OR= 0.10, 95%CI: 0.080.14, Z=15.37, P<0.000 01). In the subgroup about the type of cancers, there was statistically significant difference in the pooled OR between breast cancer and the control group (OR=0.10, 95%CI: 0.050.20, Z=6.18, P<0.000 01). Conclusion  The level of BRMS1 is negatively correlated with tumorigenesis including breast cancer. Low or absent BRMS1 expression in the tumor tissue may be an adverse predictive factor of tumorigenesis and metastasis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The mechanism of Genistein in the genesis and development of malignant tumor Xiong Ting, Li Liding, Yan Xin, Xie Feiyan, Liao Caiqin, Lu Kaiqiang, Liu Xiaowang, Tu Jian 2016, 43 (8):  609-611.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.011 Abstract ( 473 )   PDF (703KB) ( 1066 )   Save Genistein, as a kind of natural inhibitor of tyrosinespecific protein kinases from soybean extracts, has been proved to be closely related to the development of various malignancy tumors such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer and prostate cancer. Studies in vivo and in vitro have indicated that Genistein can inhibit tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis, induce apoptosis and has the function of antiangiogenesis by combining with estrogen receptor in order to play anticancer effect, which suggest that Genistein may become a new drug in clinical treatment of tumor in the future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Radiosensitization of artemisinin and its derivatives in tumors Wang Yanjun, Jiang Yongxin, Liu Shan, Wang Hong, Ge Lyu 2016, 43 (8):  612-614.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.012 Abstract ( 566 )   PDF (703KB) ( 1555 )   Save Artemisinin and its derivative is a kind of efficient, quick and low toxicity of antimalarial drug. In recent years, we find that artemisinin drugs can not only against malaria, but also have pharmacological effects of immunosuppression, antiviral and anticancer. A number of studies have confirmed that artemisinin and its derivatives have the radiosensitization effects in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, cervical cancer, lung cancer and glioma, and their mechanisms are related to decreasing Wee1 protein expression, increasing Cyclin B1 protein expression, blocking G2M phase and cell apoptosis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of 18FFDG PETCT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma Luo Li, Shen Qun, Xi Xuping, Liu Feng, Xiao Feng. 2016, 43 (8):  615-618.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2016.08.013 Abstract ( 459 )   PDF (773KB) ( 1005 )   Save 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) is the integration of functional imaging and anatomic information, which is found to be particularly valuable in TNM staging, tumor volume delineating, posttreatment assessment, identification of recurrent and residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The combination of 18F-FDG PET-CT with other image technologies, different tracer agents, and specific molecular biomarkers can improve the application value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in NPC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Mechanism of breast cancer metastasis suppressor gene 1 inhibiting tumor metastasis Mao Li, Cui Caiping, Zhang Jing, Zhou Ping 2016, 43 (8):  619-621.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.014 Abstract ( 352 )   PDF (705KB) ( 1169 )   Save Breast cancer metastasis suppressor gene 1(BRMS1) significantly reduces the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. BRMS1 gene expression is decreased or deleted in the cells of various malignant tumors. BRMS1 gene can inhibit tumor cells invasion and metastasis by means of regulating gene transcription and protein translation by phosphoinositide signaling and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways, repairing intercellular communication and interacting with the mSin3histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex, estrogen receptor and other proteins. BRMS1 gene may be a new target for the gene treatment of tumor metastasis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Taxane resistance in metastatic breast cancer and novel microtubuletargeting agents Huang Yuan, Liu Danli, Wang Xiaojia 2016, 43 (8):  622-624.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.015 Abstract ( 463 )   PDF (702KB) ( 1139 )   Save The development of primary or acquired taxane resistance inevitably becomes to be the main problem. Ixabepilone is effective in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients including those heavily pretreated or resistant to taxanes. Eribulin has been used for the treatment of MBC patients who have received at least two prior chemotherapy regimens. New microtubuletargeting agents are promising to be effective options for patients progressing after standard taxanecontaining chemotherapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

BRAF and targeted treatment for non-small cell lung cancer Kang Xiaoyan， Qu Liyan, Song Xia 2016, 43 (8):  625-627.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.016 Abstract ( 433 )   PDF (704KB) ( 1549 )   Save B-Raf kinase (BRAF) gene is a  driver mutation, and is an effective target in the treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Studies have shown that BRAF inhibitors are effective for treatment of  NSCLC with BRAF mutant.  It is important to understand the clinicopathologic features and the research progress of BRAF inhibitors for the individual treatment of NSCLC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Relationship between mitochondrial DNA alteration and gastric cancer Lin Li, Zhou Fuxiang 2016, 43 (8):  628-630.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2016.08.017 Abstract ( 418 )   PDF (701KB) ( 1235 )   Save Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is more susceptible to oxidative damage and has a higher mutation rate compared with nuclear DNA due to the absence of protective histone proteins and imperfect repair system. Somatic alterations in mtDNA have been proposed to contribute to initiation and progression of human cancer in previous researches. However, the role of these mtDNA alterations in gastric cancer progression remains unclear. Point mutations and mtDNA content alterations are the two most common mtDNA alterations that result in mitochondrial dysfunction in gastric cancers. Identifing somatic mtDNA alterations in gastric cancers as well as their association with the clinicopathological parameters of gastric cancer, and exploring the causative factors of the somatic mtDNA alterations in cancer progression have been a new direction of gastric cancer research in recent years. References | Related Articles | Metrics

PI3K signaling pathway in colorectal cancer Wang Hao, Zhang Qingling 2016, 43 (8):  631-633.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2016.08.018 Abstract ( 396 )   PDF (705KB) ( 1102 )   Save Since the early symptoms are very hidden, most of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have occurred metastasis when diagnosed. Recently, chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy is the major therapeutic strategy for metastatic CRC and the high frequency activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway has been validated sharing a close relationship with the development of CRC, contributing important values for the diagnosis and therapy of CRC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The clinical utility of 18F-FDG PET-CT for detection of bone marrow infiltration in lymphoma Wu Yuan, Liu Xiaolan, Su Liping 2016, 43 (8):  634-637.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2016.08.019 Abstract ( 512 )   PDF (709KB) ( 920 )   Save Bone marrow infiltration in lymphoma is crucial to the disease diagnosis, staging, treatment options and prognostic evaluation. Although bone marrow biopsy is the main detecting method, it has high false negative rate. At present, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) technology which is integrating morphological characteristics with metabolic function provides a new way for the diagnosis, staging and prognostic evaluation of bone marrow infiltration in lymphoma due to its advantages of high sensitivity, high specificity and functional image. References | Related Articles | Metrics