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08 March 2014, Volume 41 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Role of calcium signaling in neoplasms invasion and migration ZHU Meng, YANG Xue-Jun 2014, 41 (3):  161-164.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.001 Abstract ( 713 )   PDF (764KB) ( 2093 )   Save Intracellular calcium is one of the crucial signalings that modulate various physiological and pathological processes. Abnormal calcium signaling is closely associated with invasion and migration of neoplasms. Calcium regulates focal adhesion turnover, cytoskeletal reorganization and other processes about tumor cell movement through contacting with multiple downstream proteins, such as calpain, PYK2 and S100 protein family. Several calcium entry channels including storeoperated calcium channels and transient receptor potential channels participate in the invasion and migration of tumor cells. Pathological calcium signaling may be a potential target in antiinvasion and antimigration therapy.【Key words】 References | Related Articles | Metrics

A double-negative feedback loop lin28-let-7 and tumor PENG Jing-Tao, MO Ren, FAN Jie 2014, 41 (3):  165-168.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.002 Abstract ( 607 )   PDF (690KB) ( 1527 )   Save The microRNA let-7 family, functioning as a tumor suppressor, has emerged as a regulator of stem cell differentiation and tumor repression. The RNA-binding protein lin28 is a stem cell pluripotency factor, which contributes to the maintenance of stem cell characteristics and promoting cell malignant transformation. lin28 can block the maturity of let-7 by combining with the precursors of let-7 family miRNAs, which is itself able to repress lin28 by binding to the 3′-UTR of lin28 transcripts, thus forming a feedback loop. The doublenegative feedback loop comprising lin28 and let-7 is involved in several biological processes such as differentiation of stem cell, tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis, drug resistance and relapse, which could be a potential target for cancer therapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Key component of inflammatory microenvironment and tumor HE Xue-Qun, HAN Ke-Qi 2014, 41 (3):  169-172.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.003 Abstract ( 1125 )   PDF (689KB) ( 1617 )   Save Tumor microenvironment mainly consists of cancer cells, tumor associated fibroblasts, tumor associated macrophages, extracellular matrix and so on. The occurrence and development, recurrence and metastasis of cancer are closely related with its inflammatory microenvironment aroud. Many researches demonstrate that inflammatory induce the development of tumor, and at the same time it is always existed in the process of the progression of tumor. The mainly components of microenviroment have complex molecule network relationships with each other. Interdicting or disturbing one or several link of their relationships will contribute to the preventment of malignant phenotype and prognosis of cancer cells. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Advances in signal transduction pathway regulating EMT in tumor invasion and metastasis ZHU Lei, SUI Hua, DENG Wan-Li 2014, 41 (3):  172-177.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.004 Abstract ( 760 )   PDF (708KB) ( 1856 )   Save Epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) is a differentiation process of epithelial cells into mesenchymals, which is widespread in the invasion and metastasis of malignant tumor. Studies show that EMT is influenced by a variety of factors such as cytokines, signaling pathways and transcription factors. Studies also show that intracellular and extracellular signal transmission could induce EMT. Signal transduction is a process which involves ligandreceptor binding in the extracellular, going into the cell and activating different nuclear transduction factor through intracellular signal transduction pathway.     References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of RNAi in tumor treatment ZHAO Xiao-Yan, SUN Li-Xin 2014, 41 (3):  177-179.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.005 Abstract ( 635 )   PDF (739KB) ( 1429 )   Save With the understanding of the function mechanism of RNAi, it has been widely applied in various fields. RNAi is a powerful tool to study gene functions and provides a new technical method for the specific gene treatment as well. The further development of RNAi technique opens up a new way for tumor gene treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of the cellfree plasma DNA in the diagnosis and treatment of malignancies ZHU Xiang, WU Hui, YUAN Ai-Hua, YANG Kun-Xing, CAO Hong-Yong 2014, 41 (3):  180-183.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.006 Abstract ( 566 )   PDF (690KB) ( 1690 )   Save cellfree plasma DNA (cfpDNA) has been suggested as a useful tumor marker for its quantitative and qualitative tumorspecific alterations that reflect the biological characteristics and the progression and outcomes of tumors. Therefore, it has been used as liquid biopsy to detect cfpDNA in peripheral blood for the diagnosis, monitoring of clinical effects, and prognosis of malignancies References | Related Articles | Metrics

Progress of prevention and cure of chemoradiotherapy-related hepatitis B virus reactivation WANG Meng-Sen, YU Yong-Hua 2014, 41 (3):  184-187.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.007 Abstract ( 807 )   PDF (691KB) ( 1694 )   Save Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in cancer patients with HBV infection during or after chemoradiotherapy can lead to acute liver injury, even death. Antiviral prophylaxis can reduce the occurrence of HBV reactivation and its associated morbidity. However, there is no unified standard to guide antiviral treatment. Therefore, multidisciplinary collaboration and more prospective study should be carried out to identify the individual antiviral treatment plan. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Epidemiology and pathogenesis research progress of cancer-related fatigue CHEN Hong-Shan, WANG Yu-Dong, LIU Wei 2014, 41 (3):  187-190.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.008 Abstract ( 730 )   PDF (690KB) ( 1539 )   Save Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is associated with tumor and (or) antitumor treatment, which has a high incidence and seriously affects the life quality of patients. The etiology of CRF involves psychology, physiology and social factors. There are various hypothesis of pathogenesis and the inflammatory system may play an important role in the generation and development of CRF. A variety of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CRP are significantly correlated with CRF. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Chemokine receptor 4 and tumors MA Ya-nan, WANG Bao-Hong, XU Xiao-Qun, WANG Jun-Fu 2014, 41 (3):  190-193.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.04.009 Abstract ( 550 )   PDF (683KB) ( 1493 )   Save Chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) belongs to G proteincoupled receptor superfamily. It can induce immune cells directed chemotaxis and keep their homeostasis. CXCR4 expresses on a variety of tissues and cells. In different tumors and at different stages of tumor, CXCR4 expression is significantly higher than that in normal tissue. CXCR4 plays an important role in tumor progression since it is involved in tumor cell proliferation, adhesion, invasion and metastasis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of the relationship between hydrogen peroxide and glioma cell apoptosis ZHAO Zhe, LUO Lin, LU Xin, ZUO Pin 2014, 41 (3):  194-196.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.010 Abstract ( 631 )   PDF (686KB) ( 1339 )   Save Glioma is the most common intracranial malignant tumor, with high incidence and recurrence rate, high fatality rate and the characteristics of low cure rate. Current treatment is given priority to with surgical treatment, auxiliary comprehensive therapy such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a intermediate product of the cell oxygen metabolism which is a universal phenomenon in aerobic organisms. H2O2 is indispensable at various stages of tumor cell proliferation, infiltration and metastasis. Studies of the production of H2O2 and its function, the mechanism of apoptosis and the relationship between H2O2 and glioma cells can provide corresponding guidances for looking for a target gene for the treatment of gliomas. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Progress on antitumor effects of zoledronic acid in breast cancer CHEN Chen, SUN Wei-Li, CHEN Jia, HUO Jie-Ge 2014, 41 (3):  196-199.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.011 Abstract ( 648 )   PDF (689KB) ( 1661 )   Save As the thirdgeneration bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid (ZOL) has been widely used for the treatment of skeletalrelated events in breast cancer. Previous studies have demonstrated that ZOL has antitumor activitie in breast cancer. ZOL can induce direct and indirect antitumor activities through inducing apoptosis, inhibiting the proliferation, adhesion and invasion formation of bone microenvironment which is conducive to tumor growth, besides inhibiting angiogensis and modulating immune response. Also evidences of synergistic antitumor effects are found when ZOL combines with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, endocrine, and targeted drugs. The observed improvement in antitumor effects by using combination therapy with ZOL in breast cancer is currently being verified through additional clinical trials. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the mult-drug resistance reversal of breast cancer GUO Xiao-Fei, LU Dan 2014, 41 (3):  200-202.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.012 Abstract ( 692 )   PDF (681KB) ( 1555 )   Save Multi-drug resistance of breast cancer remains a major obstacle for effective treatment, which involves many complicated mechanisms, including drug transport in the body, metabolism and drug targets. Recent researches find that the tradition Chinese medicine not only has good effects in improving the body resistance and general situation of patients and enhancing the effects of chemoradiotherapy, but also plays a vital roles in the mutidrug resistance reversal of breast cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Significance of histologic molecular markers for prognosis of the ⅢA (N2) phase non-small cell lung cancer TANG Shi-Min, LI Wen-Hui, CHANG Li 2014, 41 (3):  203-205.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.013 Abstract ( 639 )   PDF (684KB) ( 1342 )   Save Prognosis factors of ⅢA (N2) phase nonsmall cell lung cancer are various. The histological molecular markers are mainly about multiresistant gene, growth factors, mucin 4, insulinlike growth factor-2, Ki-67, PTEN and so on. Different expressions of these genes may divide the N2 non-small-cell lung cancer into different molecular subtypes, which is more effective to guide clinical therapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of D4-GDI in the pathogenesis of lung cancer LUO Xin-Yue, HU Rui-Cheng, DAI Ai-Guo 2014, 41 (3):  206-208.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.014 Abstract ( 548 )   PDF (681KB) ( 1314 )   Save As one of the main members of the Rho GDI dissociation inhibitory factors, D4-GDI inhibits the dissociation of Rho protein and GDP, which is also involved in a wide range of celluar functions, such as cell contraction, adhesion, migration, proliferation and apoptosis. Recently, accumulating evidence has been suggested that D4-GDI is involved in the pathogenesis of several pulmonary diseases, such as lung cancer. Intervention of D4-GDI expression may improve the pathological changes and prognosis of these diseases. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Maspin gene and the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer LIANG Hai-Peng, YANG Qing-Wei 2014, 41 (3):  209-211.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.015 Abstract ( 557 )   PDF (680KB) ( 1166 )   Save The maspin gene, a tumor suppressor gene and a member of the serpin superfamily, is isolated from mammary epithelial cells. Maspin gene plays an important role in the process of invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. Researches show that maspin gene suppresses the occurrence, development and metastasis of gastric cancer mainly by inducing tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, methylation modification, promoting homogeneity adhesion and inhibiting heterogeneous adhesion References | Related Articles | Metrics

S-1 as first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer JIANG Feng-E, SUN Ping 2014, 41 (3):  211-213.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.016 Abstract ( 629 )   PDF (684KB) ( 1303 )   Save Patients with advanced gastric cancer lose the surgical indications. Chemotherapy can improve the overall survival and quality of life, which is the main treatment option. But there is no standard chemotherapy regimen for the patients with advanced gastric cancer. Since its initial approval, S-1 is widely used in gastric cancer. Several studies were performed to explore combinations of S-1 with other cytotoxic drugs such as platinum, docetaxel, paclitaxel, and irinotecan. All these combinations were found to be promising, with response rates of around 40%-50% and relatively favorable safety profiles. References | Related Articles | Metrics

K-ras gene and colorectal cancer therapeutic effect YU Fa-Chang, LI Sheng, NIU Zuo-Xing 2014, 41 (3):  214-216.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.017 Abstract ( 502 )   PDF (681KB) ( 1316 )   Save K-ras gene is one of oncogenes, which promotes cells growth and differentiation. Ras protein loses the activity of GTP enzyme because of K-ras mutations, and that may cause abnormal growth, differentiation of cells and promote the occurrence of tumor. Patients with colorectal carcinoma that carry mutations in K-ras gene do not benefit from the administration of antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) polyclonal antibodies. Different solid tumors of colorectal carcinoma have different K-ras mutation rates. Different genotypes of K-ras gene (wildtype or K-ras mutant type) affect significantly on treatment options and prognosis. The efficacy of mutant type patients with antiEGFR antibodies is poor, and the therapeutic effects of 5-FU and FOLFOX are still unclear. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Current situation and progress of hepatocellular carcinoma radiotherapy LIANG Ning, SUN Feng-Kai, ZHANG Jian-Dong 2014, 41 (3):  216-220.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.04.018 Abstract ( 585 )   PDF (701KB) ( 1247 )   Save Radiation therapy is a primary treatment for the unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including internal radiotherapy, threedimensional conformal radiotherapy, threedimensional intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), stereotactic radiotherapy and radiotherapy combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). For small lesions, residual or recurrent lesions after external irradiation, the internal radiotherapy can purposefully place radionuclides to increase the amount of radiation in target organs and reduce the amount of radiation in normal tissue. For the patients with unclear tumor boundary, thrombosis, lymph node metastasis or local recurrence, threedimensional conformal radiotherapy, IMRT and radiotherapy combined with TACE can better make the target highdose distribution shape fit with threedimensional space accurately, and improve the local control rate. References | Related Articles | Metrics

CT, MRI and PET-CT in the diagnosis of cervical cancer YANG Dong, ZHANG Hong-Wen, LIU Hui, QI Jie 2014, 41 (3):  220-223.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.019 Abstract ( 525 )   PDF (690KB) ( 1335 )   Save With the increase of the incidence and the refinement of clinical treatment, the clear preoperative staging and the assessment of tumor recurrence and metastasis of cervical cancer is particular important. Different results may be explained in the same tumor applied different methods of imaging examination, which influences the clinical diagnosis and treatment. So imaging examination plays a more and more important role in the assessment of preoperative staging and tumor recurrence. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Advance in radiotherapy of cervical carcinoma CHEN Jie, JIANG Bo, WANG Ping 2014, 41 (3):  223-225.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.03.020 Abstract ( 495 )   PDF (680KB) ( 1122 )   Save Radiotherapy plays a crucial role in cervical cancer. Intensity modulated radiation therapy is widely used gradually, which allows the photon beam within each field to be modulated and therefore improves the dose distribution by maximizing target coverage and minimizing the damage to normal tissue. Concurrent radiochemotherapy plus brachytherapy are standard therapeutic methods for local advanced cervical cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of bonemodifying agents in the treatment of bone metastases SUN Shan-Shan, ZHANG Yue-Meng, GAO Ying-Jie, GAO Wen-Cang 2014, 41 (3):  226-228.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2014.03.021 Abstract ( 909 )   PDF (679KB) ( 1511 )   Save Bonemodifying agents (BMA) is a series drugs to alleviate the pain, pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, hypercalcemia, bonerelated events which  induced by bone metastases. Bisphosphonate drugs and denosumab are two dominant kinds of BMA at present. It has been proved that BMA is used in bone metastases patients with bone destruction, as adjuvant therapy for chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which can significantly improve the efficacy and prolong the survival of patients. In addition, some traditional Chinese medcine can effectively relieve a series of related symptoms caused by bone metastases and improve prognosis. Choosing right medication in clinical work can maximize the reduction of pain caused by bonerelated events and improve the quality of life of patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expression of S100A7 in basal-like breast carcinoma and its clinical significance JIANG Li, ZHAO Wen-Ming, SUN Ji-Rui, ZHOU Bing-Juan, ZHANG Jin-Ku 2014, 41 (3):  229-232.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2014.03.022 Abstract ( 764 )   PDF (1093KB) ( 1398 )   Save ObjectiveTo detect the protein expressions of S100A7 and CD34 in basallike breast carcinoma and analyze the clinical relationship between S100A7 and basallike breast cancer and the connection with CD34 markers microvessel denisity (MVD). To study the function of S100A7 in basallike breast cancer angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. MethodsImmunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expressions of S100A7 and CD34 in 60 cases of basallike breast cancer, 40 cases of non basallike breast cancer and 20 cases of normal breast tissues. ResultsThe expressions of S100A7 in basallike breast cancer, non basallike breast cancer and normal breast tissues were 83.33%, 62.50% and 35.00% respectively. There were significant differences among them (χ2=5.556, P＜0.05l; χ2=17.107, P＜0.05; χ2=4.051, P＜0.05). There was positive correlation between S100A7 and lymph node metastasis, TNM staging and MVD of basallike breast cancer patients. But there was no significant correlation between S100A7 and patient′s age and tumor sizes. ConclusionThe upregulation of S100A7 expressions may be associated with the occurrence and development, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis of basallike breast cancer. The effects of S100A7 promoting angiogenesis may be an important factor in the acceleration of the local invasion and distant metastasis in basallike breast cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Gemcitabine plus S-1 versus gemcitabine alone in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer: a Meta-analysis JIANG Yi-Fan, GONG Jian-Ping 2014, 41 (3):  233-237.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2014.03.023 Abstract ( 849 )   PDF (1820KB) ( 1511 )   Save ObjectiveTo compare the gemcitabine (GEM) plus S1 and gemcitabine alone in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer (PC) by metaanalysis. MethodsArticles were searched in PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, CNKI, and CBM up to August 1st, 2013. Only randomized controlled trails (RCTs) for GEM+S1 and GEM alone in advanced PC were included. Two reviewers retrieved and collected data respectively. Data were selected basing on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The metaanalysis was base on survival advantage (include overall survival and progress free survival), object response rate, disease control rate and adverse reaction. ResultsA total of 3 trials with 772 cases were included. Metaanalysis demonstrated that GEM plus S1 significantly improved the progress free survival (HR: 0.64, 95%CI: 0.540.75, P<0.000 01) and overall survival (HR: 0.81, 95%CI: 0.680.96, P=0.01), improved object response rate (RD: 0.16, 95%CI: 0.100.21, P<0.000 01) and disease control rate (RD: 0.10, 95%CI: 0.030.17, P=0.009) also. However, the incidence of WHO 3/4 grade adverse reaction was increased significantly in the GEM+S1 group. Neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and gastrointestinal reaction were increased by 18% (P=0.02), 18% (P=0.008) and 8% (P<0.000 01) respectively. ConclusionGEM combined with S1 can improve the chemotherapy effect compared with GEM alone. The adverse reactions also increase significantly, but the overall survival is benefit. References | Related Articles | Metrics