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08 January 2014, Volume 41 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Expression and therapeutic application of CD47 in cancer DU Jiao-Jiao, YAO Hui, WANG Yan-Ming 2014, 41 (1):  1-4.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2014.01.001 Abstract ( 771 )   PDF (740KB) ( 1930 )   Save Recent studies find that upregulation of CD47 expression appears to influence tumor growth and metastasis, as well as, associates with a worse clinical prognosis. AntiCD47 antibodies can inhibit tumor growth by activating adaptive immunity and directly mediating apoptosis. In addition, CD47 can regulate the radiation injury repair of blood system and gastrointestinal system. Therefore, CD47 is expected to become a new target in tumor treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Plateletendothelial cell adhesion molecule1 and tumor LIU Fang, JIA Xiao-Yan, WANG Ruo-Yu 2014, 41 (1):  4-7.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2014.01.002 Abstract ( 767 )   PDF (664KB) ( 1433 )   Save Plateletendothelial cell adhesion molecule1 (PECAM1) is a adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily, which is highly expressed in endothelial cells. Recent studies show that PECAM1 is related with tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, apoptosis and drug resistance, which may exert a significant influence on the diagnosis and treatment of tumor. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Long non-coding RNA and tumor XU Yue, ZHONG Fei, SUN Guo-Ping 2014, 41 (1):  7-11.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2014.01.003 Abstract ( 643 )   PDF (666KB) ( 1677 )   Save Long non-coding RNA （lncRNA） is widely associated with varies physiological and pathological processes as a critical regulator of gene expression. Recent researches demonstrate that lncRNA is closely related with tumor, and a new potential of lncRNA is revealed as a new target for tumor diagnosis and therapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of pseudogenes in tumor CAO Lin-Ping, WU Jian, ZHENG Shu-Sen 2014, 41 (1):  11-13.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.004 Abstract ( 481 )   PDF (648KB) ( 1599 )   Save Pseudogenes are sequences in the genome that are similar to the gene sequences which can encode proteins normally, but are lack of a clear physiological function. Recently, researches show that pseudogenes can transcribe and translate actively, and can regulate the expression of genes at the genetical, transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. However, their effects and mechanisms remain to be clarified. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Role of high mobility group protein A1 in tumor development WANG Yun-Liang, LI Cui, JIA Xi-Hua, et al 2014, 41 (1):  14-17.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.005 Abstract ( 483 )   PDF (665KB) ( 1227 )   Save High mobility group protein A1 (HMGA1), one of the nonhistone chromatin proteins, can regulate the transcription of several tumor related genes by various different ways, thereby effecting the formation and growth of tumor. So HMGA1 can be not only used as a tumor marker, but also as indicator of tumor prognosis and therapeutic target, and then providing new ways for the tumor biological therapies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Role of M2type pyruvate kinase in the metabolism of tumor Wang Juan, Cheng Bin 2014, 41 (1):  17-20.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673422X.2014.01.006 Abstract ( 713 )   PDF (664KB) ( 1622 )   Save The M2type of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) is a key ratelimiting enzyme in glycolytic pathway, and is highly expressed in diverse tumor cells. In glycometabolism pathway of tumor, PKM2 can promote glycolysis and tumor cells growth through the mutual transformation between highly active tetramer and lowly active dimer. Tumor cells can regulate PKM2 expression and enzymatic activity through many mechanisms, such as transcription regulation, allosteric regulation and posttranslational modification. PKM2 is expected to be a new target for oncotherapy because of its vital function in tumorigenesis and tumor metabolism. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Maspin and target therapy of tumor Cao Ling, Qian Yayun, Liu Yanqing 2014, 41 (1):  21-23.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.007 Abstract ( 656 )   PDF (652KB) ( 1477 )   Save Maspin, a member of the serine protease inhibitor superfamily, is considered to be a tumor suppressor. Maspin can inhibit the tumor cells growth, invasion and metastasis, promote apoptosis of the tumor cells, affect tumor angiogenesis and increase the sensitivity of chemotherapy. The indepth study of the target therapy mechanisms of maspin can provide new ideas for tumor treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of cold plasma in cancer therapy Hu Chao, Zhou Juying 2014, 41 (1):  24-27.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.008 Abstract ( 769 )   PDF (663KB) ( 1957 )   Save Research shows that cold plasma has therapeutic effect on hepatocellular carcinoma, melanoma, brain tumors, colorectal cancer, lung cancer and so on. The main mechanisms are as follows: the plasma can increase the levels of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in tumor cells, lead to DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, activate mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, change the ratio Bax/Bcl-2, activate apoptosis proteins caspase3, 9, accompanied by cell cycle arrest (G2-M phase or S phase), eventually induce cell growth arrest and apoptosis; increase βcatenin phosphorylation, lead to βcatenin degradation, inhibit the expressions of integrin α2, integrin α4 and focal adhesion kinase on the cell surface, destroy cancer cells adhesion and reduce cell migration and invasion activities. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Bevacizumab for glioma and radiation encephalic necrosis Pan Xuefeng, Xing Hongyu, Zheng Guobao 2014, 41 (1):  27-30.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.009 Abstract ( 1519 )   PDF (666KB) ( 1398 )   Save The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approves bevacizumab for salvage therapy of glioblastoma in 2009, which is the first monoclonal antibody of antiangiogenesis in the global. Afterwards, bevacizumab for malignant glioma becomes the focus of research, but the latest studies do not support its use for the firstline treatment of malignant glioma. Furthermore, bevacizumab shows a encouraging effect for radiation encephalic necrosis and its final outcome remains to be further confirmed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Tumor angiogenesis in esophageal cancer Wang Wei, Hu Bing, He Yifu 2014, 41 (1):  31-34.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.010 Abstract ( 559 )   PDF (663KB) ( 1578 )   Save High invasive potential of esophageal carcinoma is often associated with angiogenesis, accompanied by the changes of microvessel density, vascular endothelial growth factor, angiogenic factors and their receptors. Studies show that there are significant correlations between increased serum levels of angiogenic factors and insufficient treatment response and poor prognosis in patients with esophageal cancer. Such angiogenesisrelated molecules may represent novel targets in treating esophageal cancer, which deserve further exploration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical value of adjuvant therapy for esophageal cancer after radical resection Fang Weisheng, Lai Peibao, Wang Xiaoyan, et al 2014, 41 (1):  34-37.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.011 Abstract ( 505 )   PDF (668KB) ( 1441 )   Save Surgery is the standard therapy for esophageal cancer, however, the postoperative overall survival rate is still disappointed. Local recurrence and regional lymph node metastasis are the main failure models. The optimal therapeutic modality for these patients with radical resection remains unclear. Some researches indicate that patients with stage Ⅲ, N1 can benefit from postoperative radiotherapy, which can improve the diseasefree survival and overall survival ratio. The irradiation field depends on the site of tumor removal (tumor bed) during surgery. The cisplatin plus 5fluorouracil chemotherapy regimen seems as the preferred for postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, the mainly adverse reactions are digestive tract reactions and myelosuppression. The clinical value of postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy still needs more clinical trials to support. References | Related Articles | Metrics

MicroRNAs and breast cancer Zhang Tingting, Liu Yongjun, Liang Ailing 2014, 41 (1):  37-40.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.012 Abstract ( 616 )   PDF (666KB) ( 1571 )   Save MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small molecule noncoding RNAs. Those RNAs are considered as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in breast cancer and can be a promoter or inhibitor in tumor invasion and metastasis cascade stages, and they are also closely related to the tumor epithelialmesenchymal transition and tumor stem cell generation. New researches show that miRNAs can serve as significant diagnostic and prognostic indicators to provide a theoretical basis for the biotherapy of targeting miRNAs which is applied to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Biological factors related to cancer Tian Lang, Cao Xiaoyi, Peng Junping 2014, 41 (1):  41-44.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.013 Abstract ( 559 )   PDF (661KB) ( 1445 )   Save Fatigue is one of the common symptoms for patients with breast cancer, which not only affected by psychological and social factors, but also related to interleukin, tumor necrosis factor, Creactive protein, neuroendocrine disorders and catecholOmethyl transferase (Val158Met) gene polymorphisms. Understanding its biological factors can provide a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of fatigue for patients with breast cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Effects of microRNAs on sensitivity of chemotherapy in lung cancer Tian Jing, Wu Hailiang 2014, 41 (1):  44-46.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.014 Abstract ( 643 )   PDF (650KB) ( 1578 )   Save Researches show that abnormal expressions of microRNAs (miRNAs) can affect chemotherapy sensitivity of lung cancer. Moreover, some miRNAs may serve as biomarkers for sensitivity and resistance of chemotherapy, such as miR125, miR497, miR21 and so on. It is found that some signaling pathways involve in the regulation of miRNAs for chemotherapy sensitivity. But a large number of regulatory mechanisms are not yet clear, and need to be further explored. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Applications of molecular detection of lung cancer in developing countries Jia Youchao, Shang Yanhong, Zang Aimin 2014, 41 (1):  47-49.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.015 Abstract ( 597 )   PDF (646KB) ( 1374 )   Save The era of personalized medicine of nonsmall cell lung cancer has arrived. Gene detecrion is part of the daily clinical decision, at least for patients with adenocarcinoma. Access to those tests is still very limited in the developing world: quality control, reimbursement/cost and widespread access. Because of the differences in the national conditions of developing countries, strategies certainly vary from country to country. Molecular epidemiology data generated by developing countries, as well as the use of their emerging scientific and technologic capacities to generate and validate novel biomarkers and diagnostic kits, will certainly contribute to better treatment of patients with lung cancer worldwide. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Therapy for advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer using icotinib hydrochloride Zheng Lei, Song Zhengbo, Zhang Yiping 2014, 41 (1):  49-52.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.016 Abstract ( 618 )   PDF (663KB) ( 1610 )   Save Icotinib hydrochloride is a novel oral epidermal growth factor receptortyrosine kinase inhibitor, which shows obvious inhibitory effect on nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vitro and in vivo. The phase Ⅲ clinical study (ICOGEN) shows that icotinib has a good efficacy for advanced retreatment NSCLC, compared with gefitinib. It is indicated for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC previously treated with one or two chemotherapy regimens. In the clinical treatment, icotinib shows the positive effects and mild adverse reactions, especially for the patients who have the EGFR mutation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Molecular targeted therapy of malignant pleural mesothelioma Cheng Lei, Xu Yaping, Mao Weimin 2014, 41 (1):  52-55.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.017 Abstract ( 872 )   PDF (664KB) ( 1491 )   Save Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare form of cancer with latency period of 20 years, and it is now a period of high flows of MPM. It is often detected in late stages, and the efficacy of surgery, radiotherapy and second/thirdline chemotherapy still remains unknown except the classical firstline chemotherapy regimen contains pemetrexed and cisplatin. With the development of molecular targeted therapy, a new direction for individual therapy of MPM patient has been provided for the past few years. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Advance of treatment in hormone refractory prostate cancer Wang Ying, Li Xuyuan, Lin Yingcheng 2014, 41 (1):  56-59.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.018 Abstract ( 621 )   PDF (664KB) ( 1545 )   Save Treatment with docetaxel and prednisone every 3 weeks is preferred in hormone refractory prostate cancer. In recent years, a number of clinical trials are held to assess the efficacy of docetaxelbased regimens combined with antiangiogenesis agents, firstline treatment of androgen ablation, and salvage therapy after chemotherapy failure with docetaxel. For hormone refractory prostate cancer, abiraterone can be used as the first choice, while, enzalutamide can be used as another endocrine therapy for patients who tolerate with docetaxel. However, chemotherapy combined with targeted drugs still cannot challenge the firstline treatment status of docetaxel plus prednisone. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Consolidation or maintenance therapy for advanced ovarian cancer Xia Ting, Yu Aijun 2014, 41 (1):  60-62.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.019 Abstract ( 598 )   PDF (653KB) ( 1517 )   Save Consolidation therapy or maintenance therapy for complete response to conventional treatment can delay recurrence of ovarian cancer. Consolidation or maintenance therapy programs include chemotherapy, radiotherapy and biological treatment. Clinical trials confirm that these treatment agents have their advantages and disadvantages, and the effects are quite different. Now scientists are still exploring new agents, for finding the best pathway to delay or even prevent recurrence. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and significance of hOT7T175 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma Wang Gengming, Jiang Hao, Chen Zhendong, et al 2014, 41 (1):  63-65.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.020 Abstract ( 542 )   PDF (1055KB) ( 1406 )   Save Objective  To investigate the expression and clinical significance of hOT7T175 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods  hOT7T175 expression levels were detected in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues and nontumorous nasopharyngeal tissues by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR). Categorical date were analyzed by  χ2 test, multifactor analysis using logistic regression analysis. Results The positive rate of hOT7T175 protein in NPC was 40.9% (45/110) and 70.5% (31/44) in nontumorous nasopharyngeal tissue, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=10.976, P=0.001). The expression of hOT7T175 protein closely correlated with lymph node metastasis in NPC, and the smallest concomitant probability was 0.003 and the largest Wald statistic was 8.813. It was illustrated that lymph node metastasis was an important factor of affecting hOT7T175 protein expression. The positive rate of hOT7T175 mRNA in NPC was 47.1% (16/34) and 88.2% (15/17) in nontumorous nasopharyngeal tissue, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.426, P=0.011). The expression of hOT7T175 mRNA correlated with the age of NPC patient and lymph node metastasis. The concomitant probability of lymph node metastasis (0.001) was the smallest and the largest Wald statistic was 11.647. It was illustrated that lymph node metastasis was an important factor of affecting hOT7T175 mRNA expression. Conclusion  hOT7T175 highly expresses in nontumorous nasopharyngeal tissue and lowly expresses in NPC. The low expression of hOT7T175 is correlated with lymph node metastasis of NPC, which indicates that hOT7T175 may play an important role in the metastasis of NPC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Correlation analysis of ER, PR, HER2 and radiotherapy effect in node positive breast cancer treated with modified radical mastectomy Xie Yuanfu, Wu Xiuping, Zhuo Yanhong, et al 2014, 41 (1):  66-69.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.021 Abstract ( 663 )   PDF (663KB) ( 1507 )   Save Objective To explore the relationship between the radiotherapy effect of axillary lymph node positive breast cancer patient after modified radical mastectomy and estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Methods From January 2008 to January 2013, 350 axillary lymph nodes positive breast cancer patients after modified radical mastectomy in Breast Surgery Department of Zhangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University were studied. Among them 216 cases received radiotherapy, 134 patients did not receive radiotherapy. According to the ER, PR and HER2 immunohistochemistry results, all the patients were divided into triple negative breast cancer (ER-/PR-/HER2-), HER2 positive group (ER-/PR-/HER2+), Luminal B group (ER+/PR+/HER2+) and Luminal A (ER+/PR+/HER2-) group. The local recurrence rate, distant metastasis rate and diseasefree survival rate of 4 groups were compared. Results The median follow up time was 48 months, radiotherapy decreased the local recurrence rates of triple negative breast cancer group, HER2 positive group, Luminal B group and Luminal A group (χ2=6.23, P=0.01;  χ2=8.02， P=0.00;   χ2=15.43, P=0.00;  χ2=4.47, P=0.03). Compared with patients who did not receive radiotherapy, the distant metastasis rates (χ2=4.18, P=0.04;  χ2=6.35, P=0.014;  χ2=43.31, P=0.00) and the diseasefree survival rates (χ2=9.78, P=0.00;  χ2=10.83, P=0.00;  χ2=16.95, P=0.00) of the first three groups in patients received radiotherapy showed marked difference. However, radiotherapy had no effect on the distant metastasis rate and diseasefree survival rate (P>0.05). Conclusion The different states of ER， PR and HER2 relate tightly to the radiotherapy effect of axillary lymph nodes positive breast cancer patients treated with modified radical mastectomy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Adjuvant treatment with disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a Meta analysis based on randomized controlled trials Wang Xiaofeng, Luo Xinhua 2014, 41 (1):  69-73.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.022 Abstract ( 596 )   PDF (1720KB) ( 1285 )   Save Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection in the adjuvant treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The pertinent literature of adjuvant treatment with disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection for patients with HCC were searched in Embase， PubMed， Cochrane Library， Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database, VIP Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI) and Wanfang Database. Meta analysis was carried out using Review Manager (version5.0) provided by Cochrane Collaboration. Results Four randomized controlled trials totaling 307 patients were included. Results showed that compared to control group, the adjuvant treatment with disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection significantly enhanced the shortterm effect ［RR=1.40, 95%CI (1.04, 1.89), P=0.03］ and improved the quality of life ［RR=1.67, 95%CI (1.28, 2.17), P=0.000 1］. Moreover, the combination of disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection alleviated gastrointestinal reaction ［RR=0.62, 95%CI (0.42, 0.93), P=0.02］, bone marrow depression ［RR=0.47, 95%CI (0.31, 0.71), P=0.000 3］and injury of liver function ［RR=0.63, 95%CI (0.42, 0.93), P=0.02］. Conclusion Disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection can enhance the effectiveness, improve the quality of life and decrease the adverse effect rate in patients with intermediate or advanced HCC, and it is worth popularizing and applying. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical observation of sodium cantharidate vitamin B6 injection combined with chemotherapy for acute leukemia patients WU Xian-Yi, LIN Wen-Yuan, NONG Qing-Wei, et al 2014, 41 (1):  74-76.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2014.01.023 Abstract ( 803 )   PDF (653KB) ( 1551 )   Save Objective  To observe the efficacy of sodium cantharidate vitamin B6 injection combined with chemotherapy for acute leukemia patients. Methods  All 113 acute leukemia patients were divided into therapeutic group (81 cases) and control group (32 cases) by whether to inject sodium cantharidate vitamin B6 injection or not. The two groups chose the standard chemotherapy, therapeutic group added sodium cantharidate vitamin B6 injection while the control group not. The remission, suppression situation of bone marrow after chemotherapy, time of marrow restoration and other toxic effects were observed. Results  In the therapeutic group, there were 39 (48.15%) cases of complete remission (CR), 31 (38.27%) cases of partial remission (PR), 11 (13.58%) cases of no remission (NR). In the control group, there were 10 (31.25%) cases of CR, 10 (31.25%) cases of PR and 12 (37.50%) cases of NR, the remission rate in the therapeutic group was higher than the control group, there was significant difference between the two groups (χ2=8.270， P=0.016）. The remission rates of middleaged and elderly patients in therapeutic group were higher than that in control group (χ2=6.360, P=0.042; χ2=6.432, P=0.040), but there was no difference between young patients of therapeutic group and control group (χ2=1.829, P=0.401). The remission rate of acute myeloid leukemia patients in therapeutic group was higher than that control group (χ2=11.411, P=0.003), but there was no difference between acute lymphocytic leukemia patients of therapeutic group and control group (χ2=1.739, P=0.419). The inhibition of granulocytic and thrombocyte was better than that in control group (Z=-2.142, P=0.032;Z=-2.490, P=0.013), while no difference in hemoglobin between the two groups (Z=-0.483, P=0.629).The time of marrow restoration in therapeutic group ［(6.26±1.34) days］ was shorter than that in control group ［(11.33±2.18) days］(t=-14.186, P=0.000）. Conclusion  Sodium cantharidate vitamin B6 injection combined with chemotherapy can improve the efficacy of acute leukemia in elderly patients, also relieve the suppression of bone marrow after chemotherapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics