Journal of International Oncology ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (9): 532-539.doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20230428-00102

• Original Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of intrathecal infusion chemotherapy on intracranial pressure in non-small cell lung cancer patients with leptomeningeal metastases by ultrasound measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter

Xie Yu, Jiang Cheng, Huang Mingmin, Guo Aibin, Yin Zhenyu, Lin Yongjuan()   

  1. Department of Geriatric Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
  • Received:2023-04-28 Revised:2023-07-05 Online:2023-09-08 Published:2023-10-26
  • Contact: Lin Yongjuan E-mail:lingyongjuan0218@126.com
  • About author:First author contact:

    Xie Yu and Jiang Cheng are contributed equally to the article

  • Supported by:
    Elderly Health Research Project of Jiangsu Province of China(LKZ2023013);Cadre Health Care Project of Jiangsu Province of China(BJ18006);Cadre Health Care Project of Jiangsu Province of China(BJ19001);Medical Key Science and Technology Development Project of Nanjing(ZKX18014);Cancer Research Funding of CSCO-Hausen(Y-HS2019-5)

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the effects of intrathecal infusion chemotherapy on intracranial pressure (ICP) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with leptomeningeal metastases (LM) by ultrasound measurement of the optic nerve beside the bed of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). Methods A total of 31 NSCLC-LM patients who underwent intrathecal infusion chemotherapy at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School from June 10, 2021 to December 25, 2022 were collected. The ONSD values were measured before and after the first lumbar puncture by bedside optic nerve ultrasound, and measured dynamically 30 min before intrathecal infusion chemotherapy (T0), 30 min (T1), 1 h (T2), 2 h (T3), 4 h (T4), 6 h (T5), and 24 h (T6) after intrathecal infusion chemotherapy. ICPONSD was calculated, with differences between ICPLP and ICPONSD, and differences between ONSD and ICPONSD series at different time being compared separately. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, and headache score were assessed and compared respectively at T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6. Spearman analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between the response assessment in neuro-oncology (RANO) score and ICP. Results Before the first lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid drainage, ICPLP was (218.55±63.83) mmH2O, left eye, right eye, and binocular eyes ICPONSD were (217.28±57.17) mmH2O, (223.64±51.13) mmH2O, and (220.46±52.50) mmH2O respectively, in NSCLC-LM patients, with no statistically significant difference (F=0.77, P=0.463). After first lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid drainage, ICPLP was (214.68±58.01) mmH2O, left eye, right eye, and binocular eyes ICPONSD were (216.71±48.96) mmH2O, (216.62±47.18) mmH2O, and (216.67±47.86) mmH2O respectively, with no statistically significant difference (F=0.12, P=0.757). At T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6, the MAP during intrathecal infusion chemotherapy was 89.80 (83.40, 93.67) mmHg, 95.00 (80.83, 99.37) mmHg, 91.86(79.88, 100.14) mmHg, 90.15(79.04, 100.55) mmHg, 105.14(88.55, 114.74) mmHg, 98.96 (81.72, 111.81) mmHg, and 89.29 (85.45, 100.38) mmHg, with a statistically significant difference (χ2=16.11, P=0.013); heart rates were 80.00 (75.00, 84.50) times/min, 80.00 (72.50, 87.50) times/min, 74.00(66.00, 87.50) times/min, 82.00 (72.00, 90.00) times/min, 80.00 (70.50, 90.00) times/min, 77.00 (68.00, 91.00) times/min, 77.00 (71.50, 88.50) times/min, with no statistically significant difference (χ2=2.18, P=0.902); headache scores were 2.00 (0.50, 3.00) score, 2.00 (1.00, 3.00) score, 2.00 (2.00, 3.00) score, 2.00 (1.00, 3.00) score, 2.00 (1.00, 2.00) score, 2.00 (1.00, 2.00) score, and 2.00 (0.00, 2.00) score, with no statistically significant difference (χ2=11.64, P=0.071). At T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6, left eye, right eye, and binocular ONSD were (5.85±0.64) mm, (5.72±0.68) mm, (7.11±1.11) mm, (6.42±0.78) mm, (5.69±0.63) mm, (5.61±0.64) mm, (5.65±0.88) mm, (5.85±0.12) mm, (5.89±0.12) mm, (6.93±0.20) mm, (6.40±0.14) mm, (5.71±0.12) mm, (5.66±0.12) mm, (5.33±0.14) mm, (5.85±0.64) mm, (5.81±0.64) mm, (7.02±1.03) mm, (6.41±0.75) mm, (5.70±0.63) mm, (5.64±0.63) mm, (5.49±0.76) mm, with statistically significant differences (F=58.48, P<0.001; F=49.34, P<0.001; F=78.05, P<0.001); ICPONSD were (222.81±56.81) mmH2O, (211.89±60.29) mmH2O, (335.12±98.32) mmH2O, (274.17±68.87) mmH2O, (208.77±56.12) mmH2O, (201.75±56.79) mmH2O, (205.59±78.36) mmH2O, (223.26±58.33) mmH2O, (227.08±61.68) mmH2O, (319.36±101.10) mmH2O, (272.33±69.61) mmH2O, (211.21±57.73) mmH2O, (206.51±57.22) mmH2O, (177.22±68.98) mmH2O, (223.03±57.24) mmH2O, (219.49±57.24) mmH2O, (327.24±91.56) mmH2O, (273.25±67.04) mmH2O, (209.99±56.26) mmH2O, (204.13±56.29) mmH2O, (191.40±67.95) mmH2O, with statistically significant differences (F=58.48, P<0.001; F=49.34, P<0.001; F=78.13, P<0.001). The ONSD of the left eye, right eye, and binocular eyes and the corresponding ICPONSD increased significantly at T2 compared with T0, T1, T3, T4, T5, and T6, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). Pre- and post-treatment RANO scores were 4.00 (3.00,7.00) score and 3.00 (2.00, 6.00) score respectively. Pre- and post-treatment RANO scores were positively correlated with ICPONSD in the left eye (r=0.55, P=0.001; r=0.60, P<0.001), right eye (r=0.54, P=0.001; r=0.46, P=0.009) and binocular eyes ICPONSD r=0.45, P=0.010; r=0.37, P=0.043). Conclusion Intrathecal infusion chemotherapy for NSCLC-LM patients can cause a transient increase in ONSD and ICP, with the greatest effect at 1 hour after intrathecal infusion chemotherapy. RANO score is positively correlated with ICPONSD before and after treatment, which can provide an important reference for evaluating the efficacy of intrathecal infusion chemotherapy.

Key words: Carcinoma, non-small-cell lung, Meningeal neoplasms, Intracranial pressure, Ultrasonography, Optic nerve sheath diameter