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08 July 2015, Volume 42 Issue 7 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Study on the mechanism of human large cell lung cancer NCIH661 cells apoptosis induced by crotoxin Li Rui, He Jingkang, Shen Jian, Shi Zhen, Li Wei, Yu Xiaojun 2015, 42 (7):  481-484.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.001 Abstract ( 301 )   PDF (952KB) ( 1238 )   Save ObjectiveTo observe the apoptosis of human large cell lung cancer NCIH661 cells induced by crotoxin, and to explore its mechanism. MethodsThe growth suppression of crotoxin on the NCIH661 cells was detected by CCK8 colorimetry, and the formation of NCIH661 cells was observed by the plat colony experiment. This experiment included 4 groups: negative control group, crotoxin group (60 μg/ml crotoxin acted for 24 h), crotoxin +SB203580 group (pretreated cells using 5 μmol/L SB203580 for 1 h, then 60 μg/ml crotoxin acted for 24 h),  SB203580 group (pretreated cells using 5 μmol/L SB203580 for 1 h, then cultivated cells using complete culture solution). They were detected that the cell cycle and apoptosis rate of NCIH661 cells treated with crotoxin by the flow cytometry. Additionally, they were tested that the change of the cell cycle and apoptosis rate after the NCIH661 cells were treated with crotoxin and the activity of p38MAPK was inhibited by SB203580. ResultsWhen the concentration of crotoxin was greater than or equal to 30 μg/ml, the inhibitory effect of crotoxin on the activity of NCIH661 cells and colony formation, and inhibition rate rose with increasing function of time and drug concentration. Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of crotoxin group and crotoxin+SB203580 group were (16.70±1.38)% and (2.15±0.54)%, compared to the control group (1.47±0.29)%, and the former difference was statistically significant and the latter was not statistically significant(t=-18.763, P=0.000; t=-1.935, P=0.125). The G1 period cells of crotoxin group and crotoxin+SB203580 group were (57.25±1.09)% and (48.04±1.03)%, compared to the control group (47.46±0.69)%, and the former difference was statistically significant and the latter was not statistically significant(t=-13.124, P=0.000; t=-0.809, P=0.464). ConclusionCrotoxin can promote the apoptosis of human large cell lung cancer NCIH661 cells, and this effect may be related to the excitation of p38MAPK signal pathway. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Effect of umbilical cord blood dendritic cells induced by gastric cancer antigen combined with CIK cells in gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901 Xue Kewei, Li Guixin, Li Xinxin, Guo Yingxue, Li Ao, Wang Wenhao 2015, 42 (7):  485-487.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.002 Abstract ( 319 )   PDF (685KB) ( 1255 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of umbilical cord blood dendritic cells (DCs) induced by gastric cancer antigen combined with cytokine induced killer (CIK) cells in gastric cancer cell lines SGC7901 in vitro. MethodsMononuclear cells from umbilical cord blood were used to create DCs and CIKs. The cell surface antigen expression of the mature DCs such as CD83, CD86, CD11c and the cell surface antigen of CIKs such as CD3, CD56, CD4, CD8, CD16 were detected using flow cytometry. Sensitized DCsCIKs, DCsCIKs, CIKs as effective cells, and SGC7901 as target cells, the killing activities of these effective cells were tested with LDH release, which the number ratio of cells between effective cells and SGC7901 cells were 10∶1, 20∶1, 40∶1, respectively. ResultsThe cell surface antigen expressions of the mature DCs, such as CD83+CD86+, CD11c+CD83+, CD86+CD11c+ were （75.4±2.1）%, （79.3±1.4）%, （80.2±2.6）%, respectively. The mature sensitiveDCs surface antigen expressions, such as CD83+CD86+, CD11c+CD83+, CD86+CD11c+, were （77.7±1.5)%, (82.6±1.9)%, (76.9±2.6)%, respectively. There was no statistical significance about the surface antigen expression between DCs and  sensitiveDCs （t=1.526, P＞0.05; t=0.958, P＞0.05; t=1.049, P＞0.05）. The CIKs surface antigen expressions, such as CD4+, CD8+, CD3+CD56+CD16+, were (22.8±1.3)%, (77.3±1.8)%, (24.5±2.1)%, respectively. The results suggested that the killing effect of the three kinds of combination cells on gastric cancer cells was different. The number ratio of cells between sensitiveDCs and SGC7901 cells were 10∶1, 20∶1, 40∶1, which the killing activities of sensitiveDCsCIKs against SGC7901 were (37.68±1.49）%, (41.67±0.90）%, (42.71±0.98）%, respectively. The killing activity of sensitiveDCsCIKs was the highest when the ratio of cells between sensitiveDCs and SGC7901 cells were 40∶1. The killing activities of  DCCIKs were (36.77±0.46）%, (38.94±0.95）%, (41.15±0.89）%, respectively.  The killing activities of  CIKs  were （34.74±1.01）%, （37.76±0.43）%, （39.65±0.79）%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences among the three groups （F=5.92, P＜0.05; F=19.13, P＜0.05; F=8.88, P＜0.05）. ConclusionThe tumor killing activity of CIK is enhanced obviously by umbilical cord blood DCs which is sensitized by gastric cancer tumor antigen. There is the highest killing activity when the number ratio of cells between sensitiveDCCIK and SGC7901 cells is 40∶1. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Construction and inhibitory effect of MEG3 expression plasmid vector on the proliferation of human pancreatic carcinoma SW1990 cells Chen Ruidong, Tang Wen, Hu Duanmin 2015, 42 (7):  488-491.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.003 Abstract ( 485 )   PDF (822KB) ( 1516 )   Save ObjectiveTo construct a maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) expression plasmid vector, and to obtain MEG3 overexpressed human pancreatic carcinoma SW1990 cells by transfection, and to analyze the effect of MEG3 overexpression on the proliferation of human pancreatic carcinoma SW1990 cells. MethodsA complete gene sequence based on the sequence of MEG3 in the GenBank was designed and inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.0 to construct recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.0MEG3. It was identified by sequencing and transfected into human pancreatic carcinoma SW1990 cells. The expression of MEG3 in SW1990 cells was confirmed by RTPCR. The effect of MEG3 on proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. In this study, the SW1990 cells transfected by plasmid pcDNA3.0 were named negative control group, and the usual SW1990 cells were named blank control group. ResultsA MEG3 expression plasmid vectorpcDNA3.0MEG3 was constructed successfully. And pcDNA3.0MEG3 vector was transfected into SW1990 cells successfully. The expression of MEG3 at mRNA in MEG3SW1990 cells increased significantly, about 895 times (F=73.592， P<0.01). The results of MTT assay indicated that overexpressed MEG3 could obviously inhibit SW1990 cells proliferation in vitro. After SW1990 cells transfected with pcDNA3.0MEG3 for 72 hours, the absorbance value was 0.81±0.06, with a statistically significance (F=33.489, P<0.01) compared with negative control group (1.17±0.07) and blank control group (1.08±0.03). ConclusionA MEG3 expression plasmid vectorpcDNA3.0MEG3 is constructed successfully. It is confirmed that MEG3 and its product have obvious inhibitory effects for the proliferation of human pancreatic carcinoma SW1990 cells. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Numb inhibits proliferation and migration of human bladder cancer cell line BIU87 by negative modulating CXCR4 Sima Jin, Zhang Bao, Wang Baojun, Yu Yuanzi, Ai Qing, Zhang Xu 2015, 42 (7):  492-495.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.004 Abstract ( 406 )   PDF (985KB) ( 1238 )   Save ObjectiveTo study the effect of Numb gene on CXCR4 expression and proliferation and migration of bladder cancer. MethodsHuman bladder cancer cells were divided into 3 groups: experimental group (transfected with NumbORF plasmid), negativecontrol group (transfected with blank vector), and blankcontrol group (no DNA transfected in). The expressions of Numb and CXCR4 were detected by realtime PCR and Western blotting respectively. Cell proliferation and migration were measured by MTS and Transwell assay respectively. ResultsNumb expressions in experimental group, negativecontrol group and blankcontrol group were 31.044±3.350, 4.401±0.567 and 4.287±0.341 respectively, with a statistical significance (F=183.418, P=0.000). CXCR4 levels in experimental group, negativecontrol group and blankcontrol group were 0.344±0.167, 0.996±0.148 and 1.010±0.106 respectively, with a statistical significance (F=21.355, P=0.002). In MTS assay, the absorb values in experimental group, negativecontrol group and blankcontrol group were 0.615±0.057, 0.987±0.063 and 0.957±0.066, with a statistical difference (F=33.210, P=0.001). In Transwell assay, the numbers of migratory cells in experimental group, negativecontrol group and blankcontrol group were 164.667±19.858, 670.133±38.760 and 667.533±27.610, with a statistical significance (F=286.788, P=0.000). ConclusionOverexpression of Numb can suppress the ability of proliferation and migration of the BIU87 cells through downregulation of CXCR4 expression in human bladder cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinic study of dosedense cisplatin and 5fluorouracil in patients with distant metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma Liang Yong, Feng Jian, Chen Boyu, Liang Weichao, Chen Kequan, Gao Weiwei, Xu Yaocan 2015, 42 (7):  496-500.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.005 Abstract ( 382 )   PDF (977KB) ( 1205 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and tolerability of dosedense chemotherapy with cisplatin plus 5fluorouracil (PF regimen) in distant metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. MethodsFrom April 1, 2008 to April 30, 2014, 168 patients were assigned to traditional group (n=83) and dosedense group (n=85) using digital random table in 1∶1 ratio. All patients received PF regimen, and once every 28 days in traditional group and once every 14 days in dosedense group. The primary endpoint was progressionfree survival (PFS) and the secondary endpoint was overall survival (OS), toxicity and response rate. ResultsThe median PFS, median OS, 1, 2, 3year survival rate, complete response rate and objective response rate were significantly improved in dosedense group which were 13.3 months, 20.2 months, 80.2%, 36.0%, 16.1%, 16.5%, 84.7%, and those in control group were 10.0 months, 16.1 months, 59.6%, 10.1%, 0, 3.6%, 54.2% respectively (χ2＝24.47, P=0.000; χ2＝16.65, P=0.000; χ2＝8.41, P=0.004; χ2＝16.96, P=0.000; χ2＝14.91, P=0.000; χ2=7.63, P=0.006; χ2=18.47, P=0.000). The rates of grade 34 adverse events in dosedense and traditional group were 38.8% and 6.0% (χ2=25.81, P= 0.000). ConclusionDosedense chemotherapy of PF is more efficient and acceptable toxic than the traditional one. It can be a new treatment option for patients with distant metastases of NPC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and significance of TTF1 and CgA in small cell lung carcinoma Hu Siqin, Zhang Minghui, Shi Qiong, Wang Yan 2015, 42 (7):  501-503.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.006 Abstract ( 564 )   PDF (826KB) ( 1683 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and clinical significance of thyroid transcription factor1 (TTF1) and chromogranin A (CgA) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). MethodsThe expressions of TTF1 and CgA protein in 68 cases of SCLC tissues and 20 cases of normal lung tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry method, and their correlations with clinical features of SCLC were analyzed. ResultsThe positive rates of TTF1 and CgA protein in SCLC were 88.2% (60/68) and 70.6% (48/68), respectively, and they were higher than those in normal lung tissue ［10.0%(2/20) and 5.0%(1/20); χ2=45.442, P=0.000; χ2=26.941, P=0.000］. The expression of TTF1 protein was not related to the patients′ age, sex and tumor size, while closely related to smoking index (χ2=4.131, P=0.042), lymph node metastasis (χ2=5.488, P=0.019) and clinical stage (χ2=6.011, P=0.014). The expression of CgA protein was not related to the patients′ age, sex, tumor size and smoking index, while closely related to lymph node metastasis (χ2=9.895, P=0.002) and clinical stage (χ2=4.145, P=0.042). ConclusionTTF1 and CgA protein are highly expressed in SCLC, especially in the patients with lymph node metastasis and extensive disease. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and clinical significance of SIRT-1 and NF-κB in non-small cell lung cancer Jiang Zhongxiu, Liu Yang, Li Ning, Qi Xiaoying, Zhang Xiaoye 2015, 42 (7):  504-507.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.007 Abstract ( 448 )   PDF (822KB) ( 1124 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and clinical significance of silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog1 (SIRT1) and nuclear factorκB (NFκB) in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MethodsThe expressions of SIRT1 and NFκB were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 108 selected cases of primary NSCLC and 48 samples of paracarcinoma normal tissue. The relationships of the expressions of SIRT1 and NFκB and clinical pathological features were analyzed, respectively. ResultsImmunohistochemical results showed that the positive expression rates of SIRT1 and NFκB in NSCLC tissue were 90.7% (98/108) and 94.4% (102/108), respectively, significantly higher than those in normal lung tissue 4.2% (2/48), 16.7% (8/48), χ2=108.237, P=0.000; χ2=96.683, P=0.000, and the expression of SIRT1 and NFκB showed a positive correlation (r=0.480, P=0.001). There were significant positive correlations between the expression of SIRT1 and tumor size （r=0.227, P=0.018）, TNM stage （r=0.298, P=0.002） and lymph node metastasis （r=0.280, P=0.003）, and there was negative correlation between the expression of SIRT1 and differentiation （r=-0.300, P=0.002）, and there were no correlation between the expression of SIRT1 and sex, age and histological type in NSCLC tissues. There were significant positive correlation between the expression of NFκB and TNM stage （r=0.256, P=0.009） and lymph node metastasis （r=0.261, P=0.006）, and there was negative correlation between the expression of NFκB and differentiation （r=-0.235, P=0.013）, and there were no correlation between the expression of NFκB and sex, age, histological type and tumor size in NSCLC tissues. ConclusionThe positive expression rates of SIRT1 and NFκB in NSCLC tissue are significantly higher than those in normal lung tissue, and they are related to TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and differentiation, and the former is also related to tumor size. High expression of SIRT1 and NFκB may play important roles in the occurrence and development of NSCLC． References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and clinical significance of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 in colonic carcinoma Zhao Xia, Zhang Bingxin, Zheng Shujun, Li Lin, Guo Jianmei, Ma Xudong, Jia Xihua 2015, 42 (7):  508-511.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.008 Abstract ( 463 )   PDF (692KB) ( 1402 )   Save ObjectiveTo study the expressions of apoptotic protease activating factor1(Apaf1) and astrocyte elevated gene1(AEG1) in colonic carcinoma, and to explore their correlations with the clinical pathological features. MethodsThe expressions of  Apaf1 and AEG1 were detected in 63 colonic carcinoma samples and 30 normal colonic mucosa adjacent to tumor nest by immunohistochemical method, and their correlations with clinical features of colonic carcinoma were analyzed. ResultsThe positive expressions of Apaf1 and AEG1 in colonic carcinoma were 23.81% (15/63) and 68.25% (43/63), respectively. The positive expressions of Apaf1 and AEG1 in normal colonic mucosa were 76.67% (23/30) and 26.67% (8/30), respectively. The positive expression rate of AEG1 was significantly higher in colonic carcinoma than that in normal tissue (χ2=14.192, P=0.000). However, the expression of Apaf1 was significantly lower in colonic carcinoma than that in normal tissue (χ2=23.497, P=0.000). The expression of Apaf1 was negatively correlated to the expression of AEG1 (r=-0.339, P=0.007). The expressions of AEG1 and Apaf1 were associated with differentiation degree (χ2=4.643, P=0.031; χ2=12.034, P=0.001) and clinical stage (χ2=6.628, P=0.010; χ2=8.246, P=0.004), but they were not correlated with age (χ2=1.462, P=0.227; χ2=2.401, P=0.121) and tumor size (χ2=0.333, P=0.564; χ2=0.590, P=0.442). ConclusionThe expression of AEG1 is upregulated in colonic carcinoma, but the expression of Apaf1 is downregulated, with a significant negative correlation. Apaf1 and AEG1 may be closely related to the occurrence and development of colon carcinoma. Therefore, combination detection of Apaf1 and AEG1 may be more valuable for the prognosis evaluation of colonic carcinoma. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Meta-analysis of the therapeutic effect of raltitrexed on advanced gastric cancer Xie Haibin, Feng Jin, Yin Yong, Li Zhong 2015, 42 (7):  512-515.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.009 Abstract ( 664 )   PDF (939KB) ( 1594 )   Save ObjectiveTo summarize the research results at home and abroad of raltitrexed on the patients with advanced gastric cancer, and to evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of raltitrexed. MethodsClinical controlled trials of evaluating effects of raltitrexed on the advanced gastric cancer were searched in PubMed, EMBase, Ovid, Springer, Wanfang database, VIP database and China Biology Medicine disc. Besides, references and conference abstracts were searched manually. Literature screening and data extraction were performed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then Metaanalysis was performed using RevMan 4.2. ResultsFortyfour studies were found and 5 clinical controlled trails including 338 patients were included in this analysis. The results of Metaanalysis showed that there was a significant beneficial effect of raltitrexed on objective effective rate for the patients with advanced gastric cancer (RR=1.55, 95%CI: 1.211.99, Z=3.44, P=0.00) compared with other treatments. The incidences of ⅢⅣadverse reactions in raltitrexed group such as neutropenia (RR=1.97, 95%CI: 0.854.56, Z=1.59, P=0.11), thrombocytopenia (RR=1.56, 95%CI: 0.604.07, Z=0.92, P=0.36), anemia (RR=2.43, 95%CI: 0.619.78, Z=1.25, P=0.21), arthralgia (RR=3.20, 95%CI: 0.7313.98, Z=1.55, P=0.12), elevated transaminase (RR=1.37, 95%CI: 0.296.48, Z=0.39, P=0.69) were higher than those in other group, with no statistical significance. However, the adverse reactions in raltitrexed group such as diarrhea (RR=0.18, 95%CI: 0.031.07, Z=1.88, P=0.06), nausea and vomiting (Z=1.79, RR=0.45, 95%CI: 0.191.08, P=0.07), neurotoxicity (RR=0.07, 95%CI: 0.010.52, Z=2.59, P=0.01), handfoot syndrome (RR=0.26, 95%CI: 0.041.59, Z=1.46, P=0.14), alopecia (RR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.132.55, Z=0.73, P=0.46) were lower than those in other group. There were no statistical significances except neurotoxicity. ConclusionCompared with other treatments, raltitrexedbased chemotherapy has a beneficial effect on objective effective rate and less adverse reactions for the patients with advanced gastric cancer, which is worthy of clinical use. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Inducible costimulatory molecule and its roles in tumor microenvironment Wu Dongjuan, Hua Dong 2015, 42 (7):  516-518.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.010 Abstract ( 528 )   PDF (683KB) ( 2303 )   Save Inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS) is a member of the CD28 family, which can be expressed on the tumor tissues and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. ICOS enhances its antitumor activity through participating in CD4+ T and CD8+ T cell immune response and enhancing the secretion of cytokines on the activated T cells and NK cells. While the curative effect of cytotoxic T lymphocyteassociated antigen4 (CTLA4) monoclonal antibody is relevant with CD4+ T cells expressing ICOS, which suggesting ICOS may become a novel antitumor therapeutic target in the future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expressions and roles of long non-coding RNA UCA1 in tumors Zhao Yi, Zhang Xingxing, Xu Min 2015, 42 (7):  519-521.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.011 Abstract ( 321 )   PDF (682KB) ( 1187 )   Save Urothelial carcinoma associated antigen 1 (UCA1) is a highly bladder cancerspecific long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and it does not have the function of encoding protein. UCA1 differentially expresses in various fetal tissues, but its expression is turned off in most adult tissues. It reactivates during tumorigenesis. Researches indicate that UCA1 may regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis and chemoresistance of tumors, such as bladder cancer, breast cancer and hepatocellular cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Roles of transient receptor potential canonical channels in tumors Wang Linjun, Hua Dong 2015, 42 (7):  522-524.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.012 Abstract ( 373 )   PDF (680KB) ( 1354 )   Save Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels as an important nonselective cation channels family mainly permeate Ca2+, Na+ and other cations. TRPC channel is a subtribe of TRP family which regulates the second messenger of Ca2+ concentration and variety of protease activity, and which can directly or indirectly affect the biological behavior of cells. Recently, more and more evidences have certificated the TRPC channels affect the tumorigenesis and development, such as regulation of proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis and resistance of chemotherapeutic agents during cancer progression. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Roles and detection of tissue factor positive microparticle in tumor Li Huiqiao, ZhangYuhui 2015, 42 (7):  525-528.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.013 Abstract ( 303 )   PDF (688KB) ( 1463 )   Save Tissue factor positive microparticle (TFMP) plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of tumor by promoting the formation of the vessels around the tumor. At present a number of studies suggest that TFMP is associated with thrombosis in tumor, but the relevant mechanism is still not fully clear. TFMP is extremely important for the prevention of tumor progression and thrombosis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

RET gene and tumor Xie Weiwei, Chang Jianhua 2015, 42 (7):  529-531.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.014 Abstract ( 922 )   PDF (683KB) ( 1413 )   Save RET gene is an important oncogene, which is closely associated with the development of various types of human tumors. The mainly mechanisms of RET gene associated tumor are mutation and overexpression of wild type. Activated RET protein participates in the proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis through some signal pathways and influences the tumorigenesis  and development. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of threedimensional cell culture model in cancer research Feng Fei, Qin Songbing 2015, 42 (7):  532-534.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.015 Abstract ( 436 )   PDF (682KB) ( 1613 )   Save Threedimensional cell culture is widely recognized as a model in vitro that can better simulate the interaction between tumor cells in vivo and cell microenvironment. Compared with the traditional twodimensional cell culture, it has obvious advantages in the study of the observation of tumor cells biological behavior, tumor resistance, radiation insensitivity, gene expression in vivo and in other aspects of the study. It can provide a valuable model in vitro for experimental study on the basis of tumor. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Comprehensive therapy of early breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery Dong Yaqin, Yang Lin 2015, 42 (7):  535-538.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.016 Abstract ( 476 )   PDF (689KB) ( 1219 )   Save For the patients with early breast cancer, the effects of breastconserving surgery combined with radiotherapy and radical resection are equal, and the former shows less adverse reactions and better aesthetic outcome. Because of individual differences and the inherent complexity of tumor, to obtain optimal effects, it is an inevitable trend of making an individual comprehensive therapy, which is a combination of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and targeted therapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of gefitinib combined with radiotherapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer Peng Aihua, Shi Youxiong, Feng Guosheng 2015, 42 (7):  539-541.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.017 Abstract ( 413 )   PDF (683KB) ( 1334 )   Save Studies confirm that gefitinib treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations for patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a clear effect, and with radiotherapy sensitization effect. Many studies both at home and abroad show that gefitinib combined with radiotherapy can significantly improve the survival times of patients, especially for the elderly patients or the patients with brain metastases, which has fewer adverse reactions and with higher life qualities. Therefore, gefitinib combined with radiotherapy will be an effective treatment for the patients with advanced NSCLC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and effect of related factors of lymphangiogenesis in colorectal cancer Zhang Yuemeng, Sun Shanshan, Liu Wenzhi, Gao Wencang 2015, 42 (7):  542-544.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.018 Abstract ( 389 )   PDF (685KB) ( 1188 )   Save The lymphatic metastasis affects prognosis and survival of colorectal cancer seriously, and lymphangiogenesis plays an important role in the lymphatic metastasis. Many factors such as COX2 and MMP7 which are found in many researches recently can promote the expression of VEGFC which can promote the lymphangiogenesis by connecting with its receptor and activating the relevant signal pathway. At present, as these related factors of lymphangiogenesis are found in colorectal cancer, the process of lymphangiogenesis in colorectal cancer becomes more clear, but the exact mechanism of these factors needs to be researched in future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer Long Cheng, Li Guoquan, Jiang Yongmei, Yi Tienan, Sun Qiushi 2015, 42 (7):  545-547.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.019 Abstract ( 435 )   PDF (685KB) ( 1250 )   Save Surgical resection is the primary treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer, but the local recurrence rate of surgical resection is still at a high level. Preoperative and postoperative chemoradiotherapy not only decreases the local recurrence rate of surgical resection, but also elevates the survival rate and life quality. Recently, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy has been applied as the standard therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. The application of targeted drugs, new chemotherapy drugs and rapid changing radiotherapy technology provide more approaches to the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of transcription factor AP-2 in urogenital cancer Xie Yu, Fan Gang, Zhang Jian 2015, 42 (7):  548-550.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.020 Abstract ( 416 )   PDF (684KB) ( 1356 )   Save Transcription factor activator protein2 (AP2) plays an important role in the cancer cell proliferation, differentiation, carcinogenesis and chemotherapy resistance. The effects of AP2 in different urogenital cancers are complex, sometimes acting as cancersuppressor, sometimes as cancerpromoter. Researches on the roles and mechanisms of AP2 in urogenital cancers can provide new ideas and directions for the cancer diagnosis and therapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Receptor tyrosine kinases in osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma Shen Guoqi, Zhang Chunlin 2015, 42 (7):  551-553.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.021 Abstract ( 460 )   PDF (686KB) ( 1345 )   Save Osteosarcoma and ewing sarcoma are the two most common types of primary malignant bone tumors. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including varieties of cell growth factors and protooncogene products, are the highaffinity cell surface receptors which play an important role in the normal physiological function of cells. A large number of studies have demonstrated that the abnormal RTKs signaling pathways may promote the tumorigenesis and development of osteosarcoma and ewing sarcoma by affecting tumor cell survival, proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Targeting treatment of RTKs is a promising therapeutic approach for osteosarcoma and ewing sarcoma. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Current status for the treatment of extranodal nasal type NK/T cell lymphoma Tao Hengmin, Wei Yumei, Li Baosheng 2015, 42 (7):  554-556.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2015.07.022 Abstract ( 555 )   PDF (684KB) ( 1581 )   Save The most of extranodal nasal type NK/Tcell lymphoma (ENKTL) are in the Ⅰ/Ⅱ stage. Radiotherapy alone is insufficient to achieve a high cure rate for the early stage patients with ENKTL due to frequent local and systemic relapse. Concomitant/sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the standard treatment for the early stage patients with ENKTL. For the patients with stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ ENKTL, regimens containing Lasparaginase are most effective. For the patients with advanced stage ENKTL or refractory recurrent ENKTL, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may be considered when the remission is achieved. References | Related Articles | Metrics