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08 January 2013, Volume 40 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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LATS2 gene and tumor ZHANG Yan-Ru, YU Zhen, QIU Lu-Gui 2013, 40 (1):  3-5.  Abstract ( 935 )   PDF (852KB) ( 1602 )   Save LATS2 gene, as one homolog of LATS tumor suppressor family, plays an important role in the control of cell cycles and tumor development through Hippo pathway, p53 gene and Ras-ERK signal transduction. Once an aberrant expression of LATS2 in cell to happen, it may lead to the tumor occurrence. Related Articles | Metrics

Maspin gene in tumor MA Guo-Qi, JIANG Hao 2013, 40 (1):  5-8.  Abstract ( 721 )   PDF (843KB) ( 1487 )   Save Maspin, one kind of tumor suppressor gene, belongs to the serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) ultra family's member. Recent studies found that it suppresses the tumor occurrence and development and has the inhibition of tumor metastasis through suppressing the tumor angiogenesis and increasing the cell adhesion, which may be a new way for gene therapy. Related Articles | Metrics

Oncogenes related to thyroid cancer ZHANG Ji, LI Xiao-Jiang 2013, 40 (1):  8-11.  Abstract ( 740 )   PDF (860KB) ( 1702 )   Save Research of oncogenes related to thyroid cancer has an important significance to reveal pathogenesis and identify benign and malignant lesions. At the mean time, these genes are helpful to find the reliable and feasible detection means of early diagnosis for thyroid cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Progestagen-associated endometrial protein gene and tumor CHAI Li-Na, HAN Ying, REN Su-Ping 2013, 40 (1):  12-15.  Abstract ( 890 )   PDF (842KB) ( 1627 )   Save Progestagen-associated endometrial protein (PAEP) gene mainly expresses in the secretory phase endometrium and decidua in early trimester of pregnancy. In recent years, it is reported that PAEP is abnormally expressed in many kinds of tumors, such as breast cancer, endometrial carcinoma, ovary cancer, stomach cancer and melanoma. PAEP gene plays an important role in tumorigenesis and tumor development. The application of PAEP gene as an indicator for clinical diagnosis, prognostic and therapy needs further studies on the influence of PAEP gene on tumor biological behaviour. Related Articles | Metrics

Metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 and tumor LI Zhen, SHENG Xiu-Jie 2013, 40 (1):  15-18.  Abstract ( 776 )   PDF (844KB) ( 1435 )   Save Metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC1), a newly discovered gene which controls tumor growth and metastasis, abnormally expressed in a variety of malignant tumors. As a key regulator of HGF-MET signal pathway, its coding protein can obviously promote invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. Related Articles | Metrics

Effects of CD44 in cancer progression LI Dan-Hua, ZHANG Bin, CAO Xu-Chen 2013, 40 (1):  18-21.  Abstract ( 906 )   PDF (845KB) ( 2301 )   Save CD44 has been the subject of extensive research because of its role in cancer and many physiological processes. Through binding to different ligands, CD44 can initiate a series of cascade. CD44 not only can promote tumorigenic and tumor metastasis, but also can suppress tumor growth and progression. In-depth study of CD44 and its role in signal pathway may provide a new path for cancer treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of anti-tumor effect of the modified DC vaccine QIU Hui, ZHANG Jun-Ping 2013, 40 (1):  21-24.  Abstract ( 943 )   PDF (844KB) ( 1706 )   Save Dendritic cells is the most powerful professional antigen presenting cells in vivo. In recent years, DC vaccine has become one of the research hotspots in tumor treatment. DC vaccine which is modified by varieties of genes can solve antigens dissociation and tumor immune escape and so on caused by the weak tumor cell immunogenicity and lower DC antigen commission ability, and can induce stronger antitumor immune response, which can achieve inhibitory tumor, reduce tumor effect and brings new hope for patients with tumor. Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical characteristics and treatment progress of triple-negative breast cancer GAO Hui-Quan, MA Xue-Zhen 2013, 40 (1):  25-28.  Abstract ( 764 )   PDF (845KB) ( 1740 )   Save Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancers which have exclusive pathological and molecular biological characteristics. TNBC’s chief feature is early recurrence, rapidly progressive and poor prognosis. Operation, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the major therapies for TNBC. In recent years, with the developing of the research, new chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted therapies are applied to clinical therapy gradually. Related Articles | Metrics

Application of tumor-associated antigens in breast cancer therapeutic vaccines ZHAO Jie, WANG Shui 2013, 40 (1):  28-31.  Abstract ( 719 )   PDF (846KB) ( 1639 )   Save In recent years, many breast cancer therapeutic vaccines have been entered several clinical trials, which bring a new promising treatment for breast cancer. These trials reveal the advantages and characteristics of tumor-associated antigens, and put forward the questions waiting to be solved. Related Articles | Metrics

Neoadjuvant systemic therapy for breast cancer JIANG Huan-Gang, ZHOU Fu-Xiang 2013, 40 (1):  32-35.  Abstract ( 794 )   PDF (841KB) ( 1514 )   Save Neoadjuvant systemic therapy for breast cancer patients means systemic treatments before operations. Combination chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and targeted therapy before operation can degrade the tumor staging and increase the breast-conserving rates. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been accepted as one of the standard therapies for patients with locally advanced breast cancers. In the neoadjuvant setting, the studies about the use of aromatase inhibitors and trastuzumab in selected patients have also made great progress. Related Articles | Metrics

Impact of upper limb exercise on breast cancer related lymphedema ZHAO Sai, MENG Fan-Jie 2013, 40 (1):  36-39.  Abstract ( 702 )   PDF (842KB) ( 2052 )   Save Breast cancer related lymphedema is the accumulation of interstitial fluid due to the lymphatic fluid load exceeds its transport ability as a consequence of the lesion of lymphatic structure. It mainly presents as swelling of the affected limb, a feeling of heaviness or tightness in the limb, aching and restricted limb motion. Its incidence is related to surgery, chemical therapy, obesity, hypertention as well as the alteration of particular genes. To prevent the occurrence and exacerbation of lymphedema, patients should avoid the overuse of the affected limb. While limb exercise step by step can solve part of this problem, but not all, doctor should also take both the patterns of exercise and risk factors that patients expose into consideration, then make a individualized exercise plan, evaluate the condition precisely, in order to achieve the best treatment purposes. Related Articles | Metrics

Research status for locoregional recurrence of breast cancer after mastectomy YANG Ya-Fang, CUI Shu-De 2013, 40 (1):  39-43.  Abstract ( 690 )   PDF (912KB) ( 1631 )   Save Although locoregional recurrence (LRR) after mastectomy is regarded as a signal of disease progression, but it is different from distant metastasis. Some patients could have better prognosis and benefit from salvage treatments, especially for patients with isolated LRR. Time to recurrence, site of recurrence and number of recurrent nodules have great influence on the prognosis of patients with LRR. For suited patients with LRR, surgical resection and endocrine therapy are valuable in suitable cases, but the role of chemotherapy still need further study. Related Articles | Metrics

Aldo-keto reductase superfamily and lung cancer ZHANG Li-Na, YUE Wen-Tao 2013, 40 (1):  43-46.  Abstract ( 935 )   PDF (844KB) ( 2288 )   Save Aldehyde and ketone reductase (AKR) superfamily is NADPH-dependent oxidoreductase. As a rate-limiting enzyme in polyols metabolic pathway, the activation or inactivation of AKR involves in neoplastic process of lung cancer with the metabolism of environment toxic. AKR is related to drug resistance of chemotherapy, which will be the prognostic factor of lung cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Gene polymorphisms of prognostic factors in non-small cell lung cancer LIU Xiao-Lin, SONG Xiao-Ming 2013, 40 (1):  47-50.  Abstract ( 641 )   PDF (846KB) ( 1814 )   Save      Many studies show that excision repair cross-complementing gene 1 (ERCC1), ribonucleotide reductase subunit M1 (RRM1), P53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are closely related to the curative effect and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In recent years, many studies have investigated the association between polymorphisms of these factors and the curative effect and prognosis in patients with NSCLC. The polymorphisms of these factors may be potential biomarkers to predict the clinical outcome in patients with NSCLC. Related Articles | Metrics

Endostatin in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer ZHANG Lei, XU Jian-Yu, XU Xiang-Ying 2013, 40 (1):  50-53.  Abstract ( 711 )   PDF (843KB) ( 1527 )   Save Endostatin is a novel anti-angiogenic drug which through multiple pathway inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor expression, to achieve the purpose of the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. The drug in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer in pre-clinical study and clinical application show that: used alone have anti-tumor effect; combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy can obtain short-term curative effect, and does not increase treatment related toxicity. The adverse effect of the drug is mild and can be well tolerated. Related Articles | Metrics

Progress of non-small-cell lung cancer in the elderly patients LI Xiao-Long, LU Wan-Ling, DANG Ya-Zheng 2013, 40 (1):  54-57.  Abstract ( 735 )   PDF (846KB) ( 1374 )   Save At present, there is no unified standards of treatment in elderly advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but to elderly patients who scores of KPS is higher, radiotherapy or chemotherapy alone has gradually become the main treatment measures. The concurrent chemoradiotherapy can benefit to part of the elderly patients, and it is worth further clinical research. Targeted therapy has exactly effect, and the adverse effect is mild, which provides a new treatment model for elderly advanced NSCLC patients. However, the hospital costs are relatively high, which can not be accepted by ordinary family. So targeted drugs and the model of combination treatment can not be applied extensively. Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress on the regulatory mechanism of gastric cancer stem cell LIN Chun-Dong, CAI Jian-Chun 2013, 40 (1):  57-61.  Abstract ( 710 )   PDF (913KB) ( 1527 )   Save Gastric cancer stem cells are defined as a subset of gastric cancer cells that possess stem cell properties, including self-renewal and multiplex differentiation potential, and have crucial roles in tumor initiation, progression, invasion, metastasis and recurrence. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) can facilitate the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells to distant tissues, and confer the metastatic cancer cells some abilities of stem cells. Several transcription factors of EMT, signaling pathways and microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the process of regulating gastric cancer stem cell. Related Articles | Metrics

Progress of chemotherapy drug sensitivity markers for gastric cancer ZHANG Yi-Yin, GU Kang-Sheng 2013, 40 (1):  61-64.  Abstract ( 871 )   PDF (841KB) ( 1813 )   Save Fluorouracil, platinum and taxane are commonly used in the current chemotherapy of gastric cancer. The relationship between the key molecular biomarkers of mechanism of drug action and drug sensitivity has become a researchful hotspot, which is the prerequisite to achieve individualized treatment of gastric cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of familial gastric cancer YU Jun-Xiu, LI Zhen-Fang 2013, 40 (1):  65-68.  Abstract ( 726 )   PDF (844KB) ( 1656 )   Save The etiology of familial gastric cancer (FGC) are E-cadherin (CDH1) mutations, helicobacter pylori infection, etc. The median age of patients with FGC is 50—65 years old. The male-female sex ratio is 2:1. The most of tumors of FGC locate in distal stomach and present diffuse type in histological classification. It is reported that the people who has a family history of gastric cancer especially for those parents has an increased risk of gastric cancer. It is difficult to find FGC in early stage by current technology. The preventive methods include eradication of helicobacter pylori and prophylactic total gastrectomy, etc. Related Articles | Metrics

Aspirin in the prevention of colorectal cancer XU Deng-Yong, DING Ke-Feng 2013, 40 (1):  68-71.  Abstract ( 702 )   PDF (844KB) ( 1521 )   Save A large number of studies show that aspirin and other non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) have chemopreventive effects on several cancer types, and more specifically in colorectal cancer. Aspirin can help prevent colon cancer, which has the specific advantage of drug prophylaxis. Studies found that aspirin play the different roles on high-risk, moderate-risk and low-risk populations in time and dose. There is limited evidence about the influence on incidence of adenoma among the general risk populations. Related Articles | Metrics

Chemotherapies and molecularly targeted therapies in biliary tract cancers LIU Yan, LIU Wei 2013, 40 (1):  72-74.  Abstract ( 1034 )   PDF (774KB) ( 3831 )   Save Biliary tract cancer (BTC), which is a malignant tumor which originates from biliary epithelia. Most patients with BTC present locally advanced stage or distant metastasis. Although the standard systemic chemotherapy approaches are emerging, the prognosis remains poor. Combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin can significantly prolong survival for patients, which is the standard treatment for locally advanced or metastatic BTCs. Application of molecularly targeted therapies in advanced BTC is the new trend of clinical research. Related Articles | Metrics

Expression and clinical significance of CXCR4, CXCL12 and PTEN in breast cancer LIU Yan-Yan, WANG Lu, SHI Xue-Bing 2013, 40 (1):  75-80.  Abstract ( 702 )   PDF (1781KB) ( 1676 )   Save Objective  To analyse the expression and clinical significance of CXCR4, CXCL12 and PTEN in breast cancer, fibroadenoma of the breast cancer and adjacent normal breast tissue. Methods  The expressions of CXCR4, CXCL12 and PTEN in 60 cases of breast cancer were detected by immunohistochemistry technique SABC method. The correlations of levels of CXCR4, CXCL12 and PTEN expression and the age of patient, tumor diameter, histological grade, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, ER status, Her-2 status, and vessel invasion were analysed. Twenty cases of breast fibroadenoma tissues and 20 cases of normal breast tissues were analysed as controls. Results  The expression of CXCR4 (χ2=48.750, P=0.000), CXCL12 (χ2=47.611, P=0.000) and PTEN (χ2=19.994, P=0.000) in breast cancer, normal breast tissues and breast fobroadenoma showed significant difference. The positive expression of CXCR and CXCL12 were significantly correlated with histological grade (χ2=11.080, P=0.004；χ2=6.978, P=0.031), TNM stage (χ2=9.819, P=0.007；χ2=10.163, P=0.006), lymph node metastasis (χ2=6.213, P=0.013；χ2=8.031, P=0.005), ER (χ2=12.774, P=0.000；χ2=7.330, P=0.007), vessel invasion (χ2=5.860, P=0.013; χ2=5.185, P=0.020) and Her-2 (χ2=5.487, P=0.019；χ2=4.689, P=0.030). The expression of PTEN in breast cancer was significantly correlated with TNM stage (χ2=7.366, P=0.025), lymph node metastasis (χ2=5.511, P=0.019) and ER state (χ2=4.077, P=0.043). There was a positive correlation between the expression of CXCR4 and the expression of CXCL12 in breast cancer (r =0.336, P=0.004). There was a negative correlation between the expression of CXCR4 and the expression of PTEN in breast cancer (r =-0.362, P=0.004). There was a negative correlation between the expression of CXCL12 and the expression of PTEN in breast cancer (r =-0.360, P=0.004). Conclusion  The high expression of the chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 and the low expression of PTEN are closely related to the carcinogenesis and metastasis of breast cancer, which may play an important role in the development of breast cancer.   Related Articles | Metrics