Abstract: ObjectiveTo evaluate the length of hospital stay and the incidences of complications after omentoplasty with nonomentoplasty for the patients with esophageal cancer. MethodsThe databases including Pubmed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang data were searched for collecting randomized controlled trials on the omentoplasty. According to the inclusive and exclusive criteria, the datas were extracted. Two reviewers independently screened literatures and assessed the qualities of the included studies and extracted data. Metaanalysis was performed by using of RevMan 5.2 software. ResultsA total of 6 RCTs including 2 167 patients from 206 original articles were included in this analysis. In terms of the anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy and the hospital stays, the incidence of anastomotic leakage (OR=0.19, 95%CI: 0.09～0.39, Z=4.55, P＜0.000 01) and hospital stays (MD=-1.91, 95%CI:-2.26-1.57, Z=10.87, P＜0.000 01) with omentoplasty was significantly lower than those of the nonomentoplasty, with significant differences. However, in terms of anastomotic stricture (OR=0.76，95%CI: 0.292.01, Z=0.55, P=0.58) and mortality rate (OR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.242.21, Z=0.57, P=0.57), there wrer no significant differences. ConclusionComparing with nonomentoplasty, the use of omentoplasty has beneficial effects for the postoperative complication such as anastomotic leakage and hospital stays, and does not increase the incidence of anastomotic stricture and mortality rate.