国际肿瘤学杂志

国际肿瘤学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 65-72.doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20250415-00010

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

虫草素调节Akt/GSK-3β/Snail信号通路对鼻咽癌细胞增殖、凋亡和上皮间质转化的影响

施锐1, 代键2(), 陈冉1, 胡丽丽1   

  1. 1安徽省六安市人民医院肿瘤中心放疗科，六安 237000
    2安徽省六安市人民医院耳鼻喉头颈外科，六安 237000
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-15 出版日期:2026-02-08 发布日期:2026-01-29
  • 通讯作者: 代键，Email：403619052@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    六安市科技局科技计划(2022lakj037)

Effects of cordycepin on proliferation， apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transition in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by regulating Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway

Shi Rui1, Dai Jian2(), Chen Ran1, Hu Lili1   

  1. 1Department of Radiation Oncology， Cancer Center， Lu'an People's Hospital of Anhui Province， Lu'an 237000， China
    2Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery， Lu'an People's Hospital of Anhui Province， Lu'an 237000， China
  • Received:2025-04-15 Online:2026-02-08 Published:2026-01-29
  • Contact: Dai Jian， Email：403619052@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Lu'an Municipal Scientific and Technological Program(2022lakj037)

RichHTML

3

PDF

9

摘要：

目的 探讨虫草素调节Akt/GSK-3β/Snail信号通路对鼻咽癌细胞增殖、凋亡和上皮间质转化（EMT）的影响。方法 将鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞分为虫草素低、中、高剂量组（5、10、20 μmol/L虫草素），虫草素高剂量+SC79组（20 μmol/L虫草素+10 μmol/L Akt/GSK-3β/Snail信号通路激活剂SC79）和对照组，各给药组干预细胞24 h。采用平板克隆法检测细胞克隆情况；细胞划痕实验检测细胞迁移；Transwell实验检测细胞侵袭；流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡；蛋白质印迹法检测细胞Akt、p-Akt、GSK-3β、p-GSK-3β、Snail、神经钙黏素、波形蛋白、上皮钙黏素、Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达。结果 平板克隆实验结果显示，对照组，虫草素低、中、高剂量组和虫草素高剂量+SC79组细胞克隆个数分别为（116.83±4.35）、（93.17±4.01）、（70.50±3.83）、（52.33±3.41）和（69.17±3.29）个；细胞划痕实验结果显示，5组细胞划痕愈合率分别为（38.16±2.37）%、（30.27±2.26）%、（24.19±2.01）%、（17.15±1.92）%和（22.73±2.15）%；Transwell实验结果显示，5组细胞侵袭个数分别为（96.50±3.49）、（78.33±3.12）、（62.17±2.93）、（43.50±2.58）和（57.33±2.27）个；流式细胞术结果显示，5组细胞凋亡率分别为（2.46±0.35）%、（15.93±1.59）%、（23.17±1.64）%、（29.39±1.86）%和（24.84±1.72）%，差异均有统计学意义（F=260.21，P<0.001；F=83.58，P<0.001；F=295.35，P<0.001；F=282.13，P<0.001）；对照组，虫草素低、中、高剂量组细胞克隆个数、细胞侵袭个数依次减少，划痕愈合率依次降低，细胞凋亡率依次升高（均P<0.05）；虫草素高剂量+SC79组较虫草素高剂量组细胞克隆个数、细胞侵袭个数多，划痕愈合率高，细胞凋亡率低（均P<0.05）。蛋白质印迹法结果显示，对照组，虫草素低、中、高剂量组和虫草素高剂量+SC79组细胞神经钙黏素蛋白表达量分别为0.82±0.08、0.68±0.05、0.55±0.04、0.39±0.02和0.53±0.06，波形蛋白表达量分别为0.94±0.09、0.76±0.07、0.59±0.06、0.42±0.03和0.56±0.05，上皮钙黏素表达量分别为0.42±0.04、0.57±0.06、0.73±0.07、0.91±0.09和0.78±0.07，Bcl-2蛋白表达量分别为0.89±0.08、0.73±0.06、0.57±0.05、0.43±0.03和0.55±0.07，Bax蛋白表达量分别为0.31±0.03、0.45±0.05、0.61±0.06、0.78±0.08和0.67±0.06，p-Akt/Akt表达量分别为0.87±0.08、0.75±0.06、0.60±0.05、0.46±0.03和0.58±0.04，p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β表达量分别为0.98±0.09、0.84±0.08、0.69±0.06、0.54±0.05和0.66±0.06，Snail蛋白表达量分别为0.92±0.08、0.74±0.05、0.56±0.05、0.37±0.03和0.52±0.06，差异均有统计学意义（F=54.89，P<0.001；F=60.27，P<0.001；F=47.10，P<0.001；F=52.26，P<0.001；F=60.67，P<0.001；F=50.94，P<0.001；F=36.10，P<0.001；F=85.13，P<0.001）；对照组，虫草素低、中、高剂量组细胞神经钙黏素、波形蛋白、Bcl-2、p-Akt/Akt、p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β、Snail蛋白表达量均依次将低（均P<0.05），上皮钙黏素和Bax蛋白表达量均依次升高（均P<0.05）；与虫草素高剂量组相比，虫草素高剂量+SC79组细胞神经钙黏素、波形蛋白、Bcl-2、p-Akt/Akt、p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β、Snail蛋白表达量均较高（均P<0.05），上皮钙黏素和Bax蛋白表达量均较低（均P<0.05）。结论 虫草素可促进鼻咽癌细胞凋亡，抑制细胞侵袭、迁移、增殖及EMT，其机制可能与下调Akt/GSK-3β/Snail信号通路有关。

关键词: 鼻咽肿瘤, 虫草素, Akt/GSK-3β/Snail信号通路, 上皮间质转化

Abstract:

Objective To explore the effects of cordycepin on proliferation， apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transition （EMT） in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by regulating Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway. Methods The nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-1 cells were divided into low， medium， high dose cordycepin groups （5， 10， 20 μmol/L cordycepin）， high dose cordycepin+SC79 group （20 μmol/L cordycepin+10 μmol/L Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway activator SC79） and control group， and cells were intervened for 24 h in each treatment group. Cell cloning situation was detected by plate cloning assay； cell migration was detected by cell scratch assay； Transwell chamber method was used to detect cell invasion； flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis； Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Akt， p-Akt， GSK-3β， p-GSK-3β， Snail， N-cadherin， vimentin， E-cadherin， Bcl-2 and Bax proteins. Results The results of the plate cloning assay showed that the numbers of cell clones in the control group， the low， medium and high dose cordycepin groups， and the high dose cordycepin+SC79 group were 116.83±4.35， 93.17±4.01， 70.50±3.83， 52.33±3.41， and 69.17±3.29， respectively. The results of the cell scratch assay showed that the scratch healing rates of the 5 groups of cells were （38.16±2.37）%， （30.27±2.26）%， （24.19±2.01）%， （17.15±1.92）%， and （22.73±2.15）%. The results of the Transwell method showed that the numbers of cell invasions in the 5 groups were 96.50±3.49， 78.33±3.12， 62.17±2.93， 43.50±2.58， and 57.33±2.27， respectively. The results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rates of the 5 groups of cells were （2.46±0.35）%， （15.93±1.59）%， （23.17±1.64）%， （29.39±1.86）%， and （24.84±1.72）%， respectively， all with statistically significant differences （F=260.21， P<0.001； F=83.58， P<0.001； F=295.35， P<0.001； F=282.13， P<0.001）. The numbers of cell clones and the numbers of cell invasions in the control group and the low， medium and high dose cordycepin groups decreased successively， and the scratch healing rates decreased successively， while the cell apoptosis rates increased successively （all P<0.05）. Compared to the high dose cordycepin group， the high dose cordycepin+SC79 group had more cell clones and cell invasions， a higher scratch healing rate， and a lower apoptosis rate （all P<0.05）. The results of Western blotting showed that the expression levels of N-cadherin protein in the control group， the low， medium and high dose cordycepin groups， and the high dose cordycepin+SC79 group were 0.82±0.08， 0.68±0.05， 0.55±0.04， 0.39±0.02 and 0.53±0.06， respectively. The expression levels of vimentin protein in the 5 groups were 0.94±0.09， 0.76±0.07， 0.59±0.06， 0.42±0.03 and 0.56±0.05， respectively. The expression levels of E-cadherin protein in the 5 groups were 0.42±0.04， 0.57±0.06， 0.73±0.07， 0.91±0.09 and 0.78±0.07， respectively. The expression levels of Bcl-2 protein in the 5 groups were 0.89±0.08， 0.73±0.06， 0.57±0.05， 0.43±0.03 and 0.55±0.07， respectively. The expression levels of Bax protein in the 5 groups were 0.31±0.03， 0.45±0.05， 0.61±0.06， 0.78±0.08 and 0.67±0.06， respectively. The expression levels of p-Akt/Akt in the 5 groups were 0.87±0.08， 0.75±0.06， 0.60±0.05， 0.46±0.03 and 0.58±0.04， respectively. The expression levels of p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β in the 5 groups were 0.98±0.09， 0.84±0.08， 0.69±0.06， 0.54±0.05 and 0.66±0.06， respectively. The expression levels of Snail protein in the 5 groups were 0.92±0.08， 0.74±0.05， 0.56±0.05， 0.37±0.03 and 0.52±0.06， respectively， all with statistically significant differences （F=54.89， P<0.001； F=60.27， P<0.001； F=47.10， P<0.001； F=52.26， P<0.001； F=60.67， P<0.001； F=50.94， P<0.001； F=36.10， P<0.001； F=85.13， P<0.001）. In the control group and the low， medium and high dose cordycepin groups， the expression levels of N-cadherin， vimentin， Bcl-2， p-Akt/Akt， p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β， and Snail protein decreased successively （all P<0.05）， while the expression levels of E-cadherin and Bax protein increased successively （all P<0.05）. Compared with the high dose cordycepin group， the expression levels of N-cadherin， vimentin， Bcl-2， p-Akt/Akt， p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β， and Snail protein in the high dose cordycepin+SC79 group were higher （all P<0.05）， while the expression levels of E-cadherin and Bax protein were lower （both P<0.05）. Conclusions Cordycepin can promote apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and inhibit cell invasion， migration， proliferation and EMT， which may be related to the down-regulation of Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway.

Key words: Nasopharyngeal neoplasms, Cordycepin, Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway, Epithelial mesenchymal transition