EBV在鼻咽癌肿瘤免疫微环境和免疫治疗中的研究进展

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20240119-00062

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

鼻咽癌是一种与EB病毒（EBV）感染密切相关的癌种，并伴有癌巢周围高水平的免疫细胞浸润。EBV阳性鼻咽癌的肿瘤免疫微环境（TIME）中存在两种功能相反的免疫细胞，但由于EBV表面膜蛋白和γ干扰素的作用以及程序性死亡受体1的高表达，TIME表现为免疫抑制作用。免疫疗法利用TIME免疫抑制特性改变其中的免疫应答水平，从而抑制鼻咽癌的进展。EBV相关鼻咽癌的免疫治疗方法包括免疫检查点抑制剂、细胞免疫疗法、肿瘤疫苗与溶瘤病毒免疫疗法。进一步探讨EBV与TIME的关系以及EBV在鼻咽癌免疫治疗策略中的作用，可为EBV阳性鼻咽癌的精准免疫治疗提供依据。

关键词: 鼻咽肿瘤, 疱疹病毒4型, 人, 肿瘤免疫微环境, 免疫治疗, 程序性死亡受体1/程序性死亡受体配体1

Abstract:

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a type of cancer closely related to Epstein-Barr virus （EBV） infection and is accompanied by high-level immune cell infiltration around the cancer nest. There are two immune cells with opposite functions in the tumor immune microenvironment （TIME） of EBV-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However， due to the effects of EBV surface membrane proteins and interferon-γ and the high expression of programmed death receptor-1， TIME behaves as immunosuppressive effects. Immunotherapy utilizes the immunosuppressive properties of TIME to alter the level of immune response， thereby inhibiting the progression of nasopharyngeal cancer. Immunotherapy methods for EBV-related nasopharyngeal carcinoma include immune checkpoint inhibitors， cellular immunotherapy， tumor vaccines and oncolytic virus immunotherapy. Further exploration of the relationship between EBV and TIME and the role of EBV in the immunotherapy strategy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma can provide a basis for precise immunotherapy of EBV-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Key words: Nasopharyngeal neoplasms, Herpesvirus 4, human, Tumor immune microenvironment, Immunotherapy, Programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1

许凤琳, 吴刚. EBV在鼻咽癌肿瘤免疫微环境和免疫治疗中的研究进展[J]. 国际肿瘤学杂志, 2024, 51(6): 359-363.

Xu Fenglin, Wu Gang. Research progress of EBV in tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma[J]. Journal of International Oncology, 2024, 51(6): 359-363.

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