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08 September 2019, Volume 46 Issue 9 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The system of quality of life instruments for cancer patients (QLICP) V1.0 and comparisons with relevant European QLQ and American FACT Wan Chonghua, Yang Zheng, Quan Peng, Luo Jiahong, Meng Qiong, Li Gaofeng, Cun Yingli 2019, 46 (9):  513-518.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.09.001 Abstract ( 800 )   PDF (795KB) ( 595 )   PDF（mobile） (795KB) ( 124 )   Save Objective To compare the differences and similarities among the system of quality of life instruments for cancer patients (QLICP) V1.0, the quality of life questionnaire (QLQ) from European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) from Center on Outcomes, Research and Education (CORE) of America. Methods Based on literatures and our measuring data from patients at hospitals, the constructs, characteristics and psychometrics of the systems above were analyzed and compared. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach α coefficient for each domain, and testretest reliability through calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient r between the first and second assessments as well as intra-class correlation (ICC). Construct validity was evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient r (item-domains correlations) and factor analysis. The criterionrelated validity was evaluated by correlating corresponding domains of two instruments. Responsiveness was assessed through comparing the mean difference between the pre-treatment and post-treatment with standardized response mean (SRM). Results The instruments of three systems were of different outstanding characteristics with all psychometrics meeting requirements. Measurements for 12 types of cancers showed that the internal consistency reliability Cronbach α coefficient for the overall scale of QLICP (V1.0) was 0.67-0.92, and for FACT was 0.79-0.98. The test-retest reliability (r or ICC) for the overall scale of QLICP (V1.0) was 0.61-0.99, and for FACT was 0.60-0.98. The SRM for the overall scale of QLICP (V1.0) was 0.251.28, and for FACT was 0.11-0.83. However, the QLICP was of better construct (clear hierarchical structure with items→facets→domains→overall) and Chinese culture. Conclusion The instruments of three systems can be used as the instruments to assess quality of life for patients with cancer with selections basing on different settings. Related Articles | Metrics

Expressions of LSD1, MGMT and Ki-67 in high-grade glioma and their influences on prognosis Zhang Qianhui, Zhang Yang, Su Weipeng, Zhang Song′an, Liu Pan, Zhao Huarong 2019, 46 (9):  519-525.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.09.002 Abstract ( 774 )   PDF (1462KB) ( 259 )   PDF（mobile） (1462KB) ( 99 )   Save Objective To investigate the expressions of histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and cell proliferationassociated antigen Ki-67 in high-grade glioma and their influences on prognosis. Methods Sixty-five cases of grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ glioma confirmed by pathology from January 2011 to June 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were selected. Immunohistochemistry (SP method) was used to detect the expressions of LSD1, MGMT and Ki-67 in pathological specimens. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by long-term follow-up. The relationships between the three markers and pathological grade, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Results The overall positive rates of LSD1, MGMT and Ki-67 in the 65 highgrade glioma specimens were 70.8% (46/65), 60.0% (39/65) and 100.0% (65/65), respectively. There were no significant differences in the expressions of LSD1 and MGMT in grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ glioma (χ2=1.588, P=0.208, χ2=0.013, P=0.908). Ki-67 expression (+), (++), (+++) in grade Ⅳ glioma were observed in 18, 19 and 11 cases, respectively. Ki67 expression (+), (++) in grade Ⅲ glioma were observed in 11, 5 cases, and 1 case was (+++), and the difference in expression intensity between the two groups was statistically significant (Z=-2.083, P=0.037). Log-rank test showed that the positive expressions of LSD1, MGMT and Ki67 were negatively correlated with the PFS of patients with highgrade glioma (χ2=12.217, P=0.007; χ2=4.446, P=0.035; χ2=12.536, P=0.002), also were negatively correlated with OS (χ2=11.708, P=0.008; χ2=6.637, P=0.010; χ2=11.807, P=0.003). Grade Ⅳ patients were more likely to have relapse progression than grade Ⅲ patients (χ2=6.573, P=0.010), and OS was shorter (χ2=3.974, P=0.046). Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that the expressions of LSD1 (HR=1.361, 95%CI: 1.094-1.694, P=0.006; HR=1.406, 95%CI: 1.117-1.771, P=0.004) and Ki-67 (HR=1.703, 95%CI: 1.175-2.468, P=0.005; HR=1.778, 95%CI: 1.209-2.616, P=0.003) were the independent prognostic risk factors for PFS and OS of patients with high-grade glioma. Correlation analysis results showed that the expression of MGMT was positively correlated with the expression of LSD1 (r=0.406, P=0.001). Conclusion LSD1, MGMT and Ki-67 have higher positive expression rates in high-grade glioma. MGMT is a prognostic factor for highgrade glioma, and LSD1 and Ki-67 can be used as independent predictors of prognosis for high-grade gliomas. Related Articles | Metrics

Serum levels and clinical significances of miR-205 and miR-221 in patients with colon cancer Zhao Gaochuan, Chen Qingqi, Pang Li, Cheng Zheng, Mai Fangqi 2019, 46 (9):  526-530.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.09.003 Abstract ( 520 )   PDF (843KB) ( 273 )   PDF（mobile） (843KB) ( 5 )   Save Objective To investigate the serum levels and clinical significances of microRNA-205 (miR-205) and microRNA-221 (miR-221) in patients with colon cancer. Methods A total of 172 patients with colon cancer (colon cancer group), 130 patients with benign diseases of colon (benign lesion group) and 70 healthy persons (control group) admitted to Central Hospital of Western Hainan from January 2016 to December  2018 were selected. The serum levels of miR-205 and miR-221 in each group were detected, and their relationships with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with colon cancer were analyzed. The diagnostic values of the serum levels of miR-205 and miR-221 in colon cancer were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the serum levels of miR-205 and miR-221. Results The serum levels of miR-205 in colon cancer group, benign lesion group and control group were 2.84±0.96, 1.16±0.27 and 1.05±0.23, with a statistically significant difference (F=10.113, P＜0.001). The serum levels of miR-221 in the three groups were 1.95±0.74, 0.37±0.08 and 0.32±0.05, with a statistically significant difference (F=12.416, P＜0.001). Further pairwise comparisons found that the serum levels of miR-205 and miR-221 in colon cancer group were significantly higher than those in benign lesion group and control group (all P＜0.001). The serum levels of miR-205 and miR-221 in patients with colon cancer were related with TNM stage (t＝5.412, P＜0.001; t＝6.103, P＜0.001), degree of tumor differentiation (t＝4.573, P=0.028; t＝4.805, P=0.013) and with or without lymph node metastasis (t＝5.837, P＜0.001; t＝7.410, P＜0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cutoff values of the serum levels of miR-205 and miR-221 for the diagnosis of colon cancer were 2.17 and 1.30, respectively. The area under the curve of the two combined diagnostic method for colon cancer was the largest (0.924, 95%CI: 0.865-0.983), with the sensitivity and specificity of 91.3% and 87.4%. The correlation analysis showed that the serum levels of miR-205 and miR-221 were positively correlated in patients with colon cancer (r=0.837, P<0.001). Conclusion The serum levels of miR-205 and miR-221 are significantly increased in patients with colon cancer, and the two combined detection has a high value for the diagnosis of colon cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Survival study of patients with stage N1-3 testicular seminoma Hou Guangdong, Zheng Yu, Jiao Jianhua, Wang Fuli, Shi Fenghua, Zhang Geng, Meng Ping, Dun Xinlong, Yuan Jianlin 2019, 46 (9):  531-535.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.09.004 Abstract ( 608 )   PDF (934KB) ( 364 )   PDF（mobile） (934KB) ( 10 )   Save Objective To explore the independent predictors for disease-specific survival (DSS) rate in patients with stage N1-3 testicular seminoma (TS), and establish a nomogram to predict individual 5-year DSS. MethodsThe data of N1-3 TS patients registered in the SEER database of National Cancer Institute (USA) from January 2004 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate and DSS rate were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method and the differences among different subgroups were assessed using log-rank test. Besides, the independent predictors of DSS were defined using multivariate Cox regression analysis, and nomogram was drawn using R software. Furthermore, the predictive performance of the nomogram was internally validated using the C-index and calibration plot. Results TNM stage ⅢA (HR=5.604, 95%CI: 1.252-25.083, P=0.024), ⅢB (HR=6.710, 95%CI: 1.923-23.410, P=0.003) and ⅢC (HR=13.189, 95%CI: 3.916-44.420, P＜0.001), age at diagnosis ≥45 years old (HR=3.575, 95%CI: 2.014-6.344, P＜0.001), and patients without spouse (HR=2.346, 95%CI: 1.406-3.914, P=0.001) were identified as independent risk factors for DSS. On internal validation, the predictive accuracy of our nomogram was 0.751 (C-index: 0.751, 95%CI: 0.694-0.808). Besides, the calibration plot showed that the predicted survival outcomes were highly consistent with the actual survival outcomes. Conclusion The study confirms that age at diagnosis ≥45 years old, TNM stage ≥ⅢA and patients without spouse are the independent risk factors for DSS in TS patients with stage N1-3, and the nomogram for predicting individual 5-year DSS is established. Related Articles | Metrics

Fructose metabolism and tumors Zhang Zhiping, Qi Xiaofei 2019, 46 (9):  536-539.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.09.005 Abstract ( 704 )   PDF (648KB) ( 360 )   PDF（mobile） (648KB) ( 7 )   Save Increasing sugar intake can be considered as a risk factor for some tumors, such as breast cancer, lung cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, etc. Fructose can promote tumor formation and progression by several mechanisms, resulting in poor prognosis and increased chemotherapy resistance. Limitation of fructose consumption can reduce the risk of tumor, delay tumor progression and improve drug resistance, playing an auxiliary role in tumor treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

Progress of immunotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma Qiu Shun, Yang Jie, Liu Qianqian, Li Xiaojiang 2019, 46 (9):  540-543.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.09.006 Abstract ( 880 )   PDF (650KB) ( 398 )   PDF（mobile） (650KB) ( 21 )   Save In recent years, immunotherapy has been highly effective in the treatment of various malignant tumors such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma, showing a good development prospect. At present, immunotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma mainly includes tumor vaccine treatment, adoptive immune cell therapy and immunological checkpoint inhibitor treatment. It is of great significance to explore the application and mechanism of immunotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Related Articles | Metrics

Progress of radiogenomics in lung cancer Guo Jianlin, Zhang Chuanyu, Yu Hualong, Zhang Zaixian 2019, 46 (9):  544-547.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.09.007 Abstract ( 667 )   PDF (649KB) ( 495 )   PDF（mobile） (649KB) ( 25 )   Save Radiogenomics aims at investigating the relationship between radiomics features and genomic features, which has certain practical value in the individualized molecular targeted therapy. Meanwhile, it is noninvasive, repeatable and inexpensive. In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that radiomics features have certain predictive values for the mutation status of driver genes of lung cancer. The application of radiogenomics is insufficient at present, but with its continuous improvement and development, it will play an increasingly important role in the precise therapy of lung cancer in the future. Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of liquid biopsy in early diagnosis of lung cancer Ding Yu, Qiao Guibin 2019, 46 (9):  548-552.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.09.008 Abstract ( 688 )   PDF (656KB) ( 427 )   PDF（mobile） (656KB) ( 26 )   Save Liquid biopsy is a kind of emerging pathological detection technique, which has shown certain value in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Detections of circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, DNA methylation, microRNA, exosomes and tumor educated platelets in patients′ body fluids can be used for the early diagnosis and predicting the progress of lung cancer. At recent, the application of liquid biopsy still has some shortcomings. However, with the continuous development of detection technology, it may become an effective auxiliary or alternative method for imaging examination such as CT in the near future, and will provide a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress of non-coding RNA in gastric cancer Xiao Chang, Xin Yan 2019, 46 (9):  553-557.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.09.009 Abstract ( 554 )   PDF (656KB) ( 435 )   PDF（mobile） (656KB) ( 16 )   Save Non-coding RNA is a kind of RNA, without protein coding function, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Studies show that long noncoding RNA, circRNA and pseudogenes play tumorpromoting and antitumor effects in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, which can regulate all kinds of malignant biological behaviors of gastric cancer such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis through internal competitive RNA (ceRNA) mechanism. In addition, studies show that small interfering RNA and Piwiinteracting RNA may also be related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

Advancement of the risk prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection Chen Wenjun, Wang Junjuan, Qi Jianni, Dong Chonghai, Qin Chengyong 2019, 46 (9):  558-561.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.09.010 Abstract ( 435 )   PDF (650KB) ( 240 )   PDF（mobile） (650KB) ( 4 )   Save It is of important significant to predict the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in clinic. Various risks scoring systems can achieve better prediction effect by integrating a variety of risk factors, but they still need to be perfected. Recent researches have found that some genotypes and genetic variations are associated with the occurrence of HCC and they can indicate the tumorigenesis of HCC. Some known or newly discovered indicators such as WFA+M2BP can be used to predict the occurrence of HCC independently or jointly. With the development of research, more genes, indicators as well as newly built scoring system will be utilized to predict the occurrence of HCC in clinic. Related Articles | Metrics

Transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway and targeted therapy in ovarian cancer Tang Nanmin, Yu Zhancai 2019, 46 (9):  562-565.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.09.011 Abstract ( 642 )   PDF (650KB) ( 210 )   Save The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a polypeptide cytokine, belonging to the TGF-β  superfamily. TGF-β signaling pathway can regulate cell biological activity and play a bidirectional regulatory role in the development and progression of cancer. TGF-β signaling pathway can cause the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer through various processes including inducing cell excessive proliferation, influencing tumor microenvironment and regulating immune evasion. Targeted therapy with TGFβ as a biomarker for ovarian cancer provides a new way to improve the prognosis of patients. Related Articles | Metrics

MicroRNAs and diffuse large B cell lymphoma Sun Ye, Sheng Lixia, Ouyang Guifang 2019, 46 (9):  566-569.  doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2019.09.012 Abstract ( 553 )   PDF (649KB) ( 336 )   Save The molecular mechanism of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has not been fully elucidated, and epigenetics plays an important role in its development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important parts of epigenetics, which are involved in the occurrence and development of DLBCL. Relevant studies have found that miRNAs can not only be used as molecular diagnostic markers of DLBCL, but also be used to judge the prognosis and treatment effect of DLBCL. Related Articles | Metrics