Abstract:

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression levels of succinate receptor 1 （SUCNR1） and Y-box binding protein 1 （YBX1） in colorectal cancer tissues of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases （CRLM） and their clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. Methods One hundred and five CRLM patients who underwent surgical treatment in Suzhou Kowloon Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to May 2020 were taken as the study subjects. The high expression rates of SUCNR1 and YBX1 in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were compared. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with high and low SUCNR1 and YBX1 expression were compared. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression models were applied to analyze prognostic influencing factors. Results SUCNR1 staining was mainly located on the cell membrane in colorectal cancer tissues， and positive staining showed yellow or brownish yellow； YBX1 was mainly located in the cytoplasm of colorectal cancer tissues， and positive staining showed yellow or brownish yellow. The high expression rate of SUCNR1 in cancer tissues （74.29%， 78/105） of CRLM patients was obviously higher than that in adjacent tissues （27.62%， 29/105）， and the high expression rate of YBX1 in cancer tissues （84.76%， 89/105） was obviously higher than that in adjacent tissues （32.38%， 34/105）， with statistically significant differences （χ²=45.75， P<0.001； χ²=59.36， P<0.001）. There were statistically significant differences in histological grade （χ²=7.43， P=0.006） and the time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis （χ²=9.19， P=0.002） between patients with high and low expression of SUCNR1； there was a statistically significant difference in time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis （χ²=13.08， P<0.001） between patients with high and low expression of YBX1. The 3-year overall survival （OS） rates of patients with high and low expression of SUCNR1 were 52.56% and 77.78%， respectively， with a statistically significant difference （χ²=6.10， P=0.014）； the 3-year OS rates of patients with high and low expression of YBX1 were 53.93% and 87.50%， respectively， with a statistically significant difference （χ²=6.02， P=0.014）. Univariate analysis showed that， histological grade （HR=4.69， 95%CI：1.14-19.36， P=0.033）， time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis （HR=4.05， 95%CI：1.02-16.62， P=0.048）， cancer tissues SUCNR1 （HR=5.12， 95%CI：1.17-22.34， P=0.030）， and YBX1 expression （HR=6.29， 95%CI：1.55-25.47， P=0.010） were all influencing factors for OS in CRLM patients. Multivariate analysis showed that， histological grade （HR=4.16， 95%CI：1.12-15.54， P=0.034）， time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis （HR=5.59， 95%CI：1.25-24.99， P=0.024）， expression of SUCNR1 in cancer tissues （HR=3.68， 95%CI：1.28-10.54， P=0.015）， and expression of YBX1 in cancer tissues （HR=3.42， 95%CI：1.56-7.52， P=0.002） were all independent influencing factors for OS in CRLM patients. Conclusions The high expression rates of SUCNR1 and YBX1 in cancer tissues of CRLM patients are higher than those in adjacent tissues. Patients with high and low SUCNR1 expression have differences in tumor histological grade， time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis， patients with high and low YBX1 expression has a difference in time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis. The 3-year OS rates of patients with low expression of SUCNR1 and YBX1 are higher than those of patients with high expression. The histological grade， the time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis， and the expression of SUCNR1 and YBX1 in cancer tissues are all independent influencing factors for OS in CRLM patients.

Key words: Colorectal neoplasms, Neoplasm metastasis, Prognosis, Succinate receptor 1, Y-box binding protein 1