胃癌冷肿瘤向热肿瘤转化的免疫重塑策略与临床进展

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20250919-00030

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

胃癌冷肿瘤因T细胞浸润不足导致免疫逃逸阻碍了免疫治疗在胃癌中的广泛应用。明确冷、热肿瘤的生物学特征差异及胃癌分子分型与免疫表型的关联，有助于了解冷肿瘤向热肿瘤转化的核心机制，包括增强抗原呈递、促进免疫细胞浸润与活化、逆转免疫抑制微环境。临床转化方面包括免疫治疗、联合治疗及新型免疫疗法等，此外微生物组调控与运动或为增效的新方向。未来需基于多组学分层开发联合策略，以实现冷肿瘤精准转化、克服耐药，从而改善患者预后。

关键词: 胃肿瘤, 转化, 冷肿瘤, 热肿瘤

Abstract:

The immune evasion of cold tumors in gastric cancer caused by insufficient T-cell infiltration hinders the widespread application of immunotherapy in gastric cancer. Clarifying the differences in biological characteristics between cold and hot tumors，as well as the association between gastric cancer molecular subtypes and immune phenotypes，is helpful for understanding the core mechanisms of the transformation from cold tumors into hot tumors，including enhancing antigen presentation，promoting immune cell infiltration and activation，and reversing the immunosuppressive microenvironment. In terms of clinical translation，relevant approaches include immunotherapy，combination therapy，and novel immunotherapies. Additionally，microbiome regulation and exercise may serve as new directions to enhance therapeutic efficacy. In the future，it will be necessary to develop combination strategies based on multi-omics stratification to achieve precise transformation of cold tumors，overcome drug resistance，and improve patient prognosis.

Key words: Stomach neoplasms, Transformation, Cold tumor, Hot tumor

马抓喜吉, 闵希赟, 关泉林. 胃癌冷肿瘤向热肿瘤转化的免疫重塑策略与临床进展[J]. 国际肿瘤学杂志, 2026, 53(3): 182-186.

Ma Zhuaxiji, Min Xiyun, Guan Quanlin. Immune remodeling strategies and clinical progress of the transformation of gastric cold tumors into hot tumors[J]. Journal of International Oncology, 2026, 53(3): 182-186.

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