EGFR ex20ins突变型晚期NSCLC靶向治疗新进展

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20250217-00065

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）20外显子插入（ex20ins）突变是非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中罕见突变亚型，携带EGFR ex20ins突变的晚期NSCLC患者对传统的EGFR-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKI）、化疗及免疫治疗反应欠佳，临床预后较差。针对EGFR ex20ins突变的新药研发取得显著进展，主要有新型EGFR-TKI（如舒沃替尼、莫博赛替尼、伏美替尼等）、双特异性抗体（如埃万妥单抗、JMT101、GB263T等）以及新兴药物AUY922等，这些药物在临床试验中均展现出良好疗效，改善了患者的客观缓解率和无进展生存期，并有望改善患者的总生存期。深入分析针对EGFR ex20ins突变NSCLC新型靶向药物的作用机制以及相关临床试验的进展，可为EGFR ex20ins突变NSCLC患者提供新的治疗思路。

关键词: 癌，非小细胞肺, 基因，erbB-1, 分子靶向治疗

Abstract:

The epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） exon 20 insertion （ex20ins） mutation is a rare subtype of mutations in non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Patients with advanced NSCLC carrying the EGFR ex20ins mutation tend to have poor responses to traditional EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors （TKIs）， chemotherapy， and immunotherapy， leading to a poor clinical prognosis. Significant progress has been made in the development of new drugs targeting the EGFR ex20ins mutation. The research on new drugs targeting EGFR ex20ins mutations has made significant progress. The main ones include new EGFR-TKIs （such as sunvozertinib， mobocertinib， and furmetinib， etc.）， bispecific antibodies （such as amivantamab， JMT101， and GB263T， etc.）， and emerging drugs such as AUY922. These agents have demonstrated promising efficacy in clinical trials， improving the objective response rate and progression-free survival of patients， and are expected to improve overall survival. An in-depth analysis of the mechanism of action and clinical trial progress of these novel targeted drugs for EGFR ex20ins-mutated NSCLC can offer new therapeutic strategies for patients with EGFR ex20ins-mutated NSCLC.

Key words: Carcinoma， non-small-cell lung, Genes， erbB-1, Molecular targeted therapy

袁纯, 于雪松, 王孟超, 张韶, 黄彦博, 王超然, 孔凡铭, 陈立伟. EGFR ex20ins突变型晚期NSCLC靶向治疗新进展[J]. 国际肿瘤学杂志, 2025, 52(6): 382-387.

Yuan Chun, Yu Xuesong, Wang Mengchao, Zhang Shao, Huang Yanbo, Wang Chaoran, Kong Fanming, Chen Liwei. New advances in the targeted therapy of EGFR exon20ins mutant advanced NSCLC[J]. Journal of International Oncology, 2025, 52(6): 382-387.

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