Abstract:

Objective To investigate the levels of microRNA （miR）-106b-5p and miR-760 in the serum of early lung cancer patients， and the clinical value of the combination of them and low-dose spiral CT in the diagnosis of early lung cancer. Methods Ninety early lung cancer patients （lung cancer group） who underwent treatment in Cangzhou People's Hospital of Hebei Province from January 2022 to March 2023 were collected as research subjects， meantime， 90 patients with benign pulmonary lesions （benign pulmonary nodules） diagnosed by pathology were selected as the control group. The levels of miR-106b-5p and miR-760 in the serum of two groups were compared， the results of low-dose spiral CT examination were analyzed； receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to determine the optimal cut-off values of serum miR-106b-5p and miR-760； four grid table method was applied to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of serum miR-106b-5p， miR-760 combined with low-dose spiral CT for early lung cancer. Results The level of miR-106b-5p in lung cancer group was higher than that in control group （1.39±0.31 vs. 1.04±0.30）， serum miR-760 level was lower than that in control group （0.75±0.24 vs. 1.02±0.26）， with statistically significant differences （t=7.70， P<0.001； t=7.24， P<0.001）. The area under curve （AUC） of miR-106b-5p， miR-760 and low-dose spiral CT in the diagnosis of early lung cancer was 0.83， 0.81 and 0.82， the accuracy was 76.67%， 77.22% and 81.67%， the sensitivity was 84.44%， 81.11% and 76.67%， and the specificity was 68.89%， 73.33% and 86.67%， respectively. The AUC， accuracy， sensitivity， and specificity of serum miR-106b-5p， miR-760 combined with low-dose spiral CT in diagnosing early lung cancer were 0.96， 90.00%， 94.44%， and 85.56%， respectively. The accuracy of the three combined diagnosis was higher than that of individual diagnosis of miR-106b-5p， miR-760 and low-dose spiral CT （χ²=11.52， P=0.001； χ²=10.72， P=0.001； χ²=5.14， P=0.023）， the sensitivity of the three combined diagnosis was higher than that of individual diagnosis of miR-106b-5p， miR-760 and low-dose spiral CT （χ²=4.77， P=0.029； χ²=7.46，P=0.006； χ²=11.51， P=0.001）， the specificity of the three combined diagnosis was higher than that of individual diagnosis of miR-106b-5p， miR-760 （χ²=7.11， P=0.008； χ²=4.12， P=0.042）. Conclusion The serum level of miR-106b-5p is significantly increased in early lung cancer patients， while the serum level of miR-760 is significantly reduced. The combination of miR-106b-5p， miR-760 and low-dose spiral CT has high diagnostic value for early lung cancer.

Key words: Lung neoplasms, Diagnosis, MicroRNA-106b-5p, MicroRNA-760, Low-dose spiral CT