神经激肽-1受体拮抗剂在肺癌治疗中的研究进展

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20251009-00050

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

神经肽P物质（SP）及其受体神经激肽1受体（NK-1R）在肿瘤的发生发展中发挥着重要作用。NK-1R作为G蛋白偶联受体超家族成员，其异常激活与肺癌的增殖及转移密切相关。研究表明，SP/NK-1R通过调控MAPK、PI3K/Akt等信号通路促进肿瘤细胞增殖，并参与重塑肿瘤微环境驱动其血管生成。近年来，越来越多的临床前研究发现，NK-1R拮抗剂不仅作为止吐药广泛预防应用于化疗引起的恶心呕吐，还具有直接抗肿瘤作用，部分机制包括逆转上皮间质转化、抑制血管内皮生长因子通路等。系统阐述NK-1R在肺癌中的作用机制及其拮抗剂的研究进展，可为探索肺癌治疗新路径，最终提升疗效与患者生命质量奠定基础。

关键词: 神经激肽-1受体拮抗剂, 肺肿瘤, P物质, 肿瘤微环境, 药物疗法，联合

Abstract:

The neuropeptide substance P （SP） and its receptor， neurokinin-1 receptor （NK-1R）， play a critical role in the occurrence and development of tumors. As a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily， aberrant activation of NK-1R is closely related to the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer. Studies have shown that SP/NK-1R promotes the proliferation of tumor cells by regulating signal pathways such as MAPK and PI3K/Akt， and anticipates in the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment to drive angiogenesis. In recent years， an increasing number of preclinical studies have found that NK-1R antagonists not only serve as antiemetic drugs widely used for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting， but also have direct anti-tumor effects. Some of the mechanisms include reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inhibiting the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway. The systematic elaboration of NK-1R's mechanisms in lung cancer and research progress of its antagonists can lay a foundation for exploring new treatment paths for lung cancer and ultimately improving therapeutic efficacy and the quality of patients′ lives.

Key words: Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists, Lung neoplasms, Substance P, Tumor microenvironment, Drug therapy， combination

李一平, 唐桩, 欧阳苏瑞, 李进, 何敬东. 神经激肽-1受体拮抗剂在肺癌治疗中的研究进展[J]. 国际肿瘤学杂志, 2026, 53(5): 306-310.

Li Yiping, Tang Zhuang, Ouyang Surui, Li Jin, He Jingdong. Research progress of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists in the treatment of lung cancer[J]. Journal of International Oncology, 2026, 53(5): 306-310.

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