国际肿瘤学杂志

国际肿瘤学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 229-233.doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20250704-00038

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

微嵌合体在恶性肿瘤发生发展中的作用

刘凯1,2,3, 廖智鹏1,2,3, 杜爱超1,2,3, 董志强1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1 兰州大学第二临床医学院， 兰州 730030
    2 兰州大学第二医院神经外科， 兰州 730030
    3 兰州大学第二医院神经外科研究所， 兰州 730030
    4 兰州大学第二医院（第二临床医学院）院士专家工作站， 兰州 730030
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-04 出版日期:2026-04-08 发布日期:2026-04-01
  • 通讯作者: 董志强，Email： ldyy_dongzq@lzu.edu.cn

Role of microchimerism in the occurrence and progression of malignant tumors

Liu Kai1,2,3, Liao Zhipeng1,2,3, Du Aichao1,2,3, Dong Zhiqiang1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1 Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University， Lanzhou 730030， China
    2 Department of Neurosurgery， Second Hospital of Lanzhou University， Lanzhou 730030， China
    3 Institute of Neurosurgery， Second Hospital of Lanzhou University， Lanzhou 730030， China
    4 Academician Workstation of Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School， Lanzhou University， Lanzhou 730030， China
  • Received:2025-07-04 Online:2026-04-08 Published:2026-04-01
  • Contact: Dong Zhiqiang， Email： ldyy_dongzq@lzu.edu.cn

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摘要：

微嵌合体作为一种独特的细胞共存现象，可分为胎源性、母源性和医源性3种类型，其在恶性肿瘤的发生发展中扮演着复杂角色。研究显示，微嵌合体在肿瘤中呈现双向效应，可抑瘤亦可促瘤，具体作用取决于细胞来源、宿主免疫状态及肿瘤类型等因素影响。目前研究重点多集中于胎源性微嵌合体，而母源性和医源性微嵌合体的证据相对有限，其生物学意义仍需进一步明确。此外，现有研究多依赖外周血检测，组织层面谱系构成和因果机制研究仍不足。未来有必要结合多组学技术和体内模型，深入阐明微嵌合体在肿瘤微环境中的动态作用，并评估其在肿瘤诊断、预后和免疫治疗中的潜在价值。

关键词: 嵌合体, 肿瘤, 免疫调节

Abstract:

Microchimerism， as a unique phenomenon of cellular coexistence， can be classified into fetal， maternal， and iatrogenic types. It plays a complex role in the occurrence and progression of malignant tumors. Studies indicate that microchimerism exerts bidirectional effects in tumors， functioning either as tumor-suppressive or tumor-promoting depending on factors such as cellular origin， host immune status， and tumor type. To date， the research focus is mainly on fetal microchimerism， while evidence regarding maternal and iatrogenic microchimerism remains limited， and their biological significance requires further clarification. Moreover， most existing studies rely on peripheral blood detection， with a lack of systematic investigation at the tissue level regarding lineage composition and causal mechanisms. Future studies should integrate multi-omics approaches and in vivo models to elucidate the dynamic roles of microchimerism within the tumor microenvironment and to evaluate its potential value in tumor diagnosis， prognosis， and immunotherapy.

Key words: Chimera, Neoplasms, Immunomodulation