Abstract: The gold standard evaluation criteria of radiotherapeutic effect at the present time is the three-level classification of X-ray barium meal. However，this method has certain limitations. Morphological changes in esophagus wall and metastases after radiotherapy can be observed on computed tomography scanning. A positron emission tomography scan is a sensitive imaging test to observe the metabolic activity in pathologic cells and tissues. And diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging could provide the esophageal tumor necrosis information after radiotherapy by observing the changes of water molecular diffusion. With the development ofmedical imaging techniques, using various means in a comprehensive way to evaluate radiotherapeutic effect for esophageal carcinoma patients may become a trend.