Abstract: The radiosensitivity of esophageal carcinoma is one of the bases for making dividualized treatment program. Predition of radiosensitivity before radiotherapy has become a hot spot of the current study. It has been demonstrated that radiosensitivity of esophageal carcinoma is correlated to p53 portein, bcl-2 portein, human epidermal growth factor receptors(hEGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), hypoxia-inducible-factor 1(HIF-1）, cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) and so on. Detection of these markers may be helpful for predicting the radiosensitivity of esophageal carcinonla and making optimal treatment program. In addition, radiosensitivity of tumor can be predicted according to radiation-induced esophagitis grade and endiscopic uhrasonography(EUS).