Abstract: Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) is a malignant tumor from the biliary epithelium. Its incidence is concealed, the anatomical structure is relatively complex, and the prognosis is poor. Surgical treatment is the only way to get a cure. At present, there are still many controversies in the preoperative evaluation and surgical treatment of HCCA at home and abroad. Further research on preoperative imaging diagnosis of HCCA, preoperative biliary drainage, portal vein embolization, scope of surgical resection, vascular resection and reconstruction, and orthotopic liver transplantation may provide a new reference for clinical treatment of HCCA.

Key words: Bile duct neoplasms, Biliary tract surgical procedures, Preoperative evaluation